Surgical versus medical castration in the Bahamas: a male macho paradox

Robin Roberts1
1Department of Surgery, Princess Margaret Hospital, The University of the West Indies School of Clinical Medicine and Research, (The Bahamas), Nassau, Bahamas

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Parkin DM, Bray F, Ferlay J: Global Cancer Statistics, 2002. CA Cancer J Clin. 2005, 55: 74-108. 10.3322/canjclin.55.2.74.

American Cancer Society: Cancer Facts and Figures 2006. 2006, Atlanta, Ga: American Cancer Society

Quinn M, Babb P: Patterns and trends in Prostate cancer incidence, survival, prevalence and mortality. Part 1; international Comparisons. BJU International. 2002, 90: 162-173. 10.1046/j.1464-410X.2002.2822.x.

Hsieh K, Albertsen PC: Populations at high risk for Prostate cancer. Urol Clin North Am. 2003, 30: 669-676. 10.1016/S0094-0143(03)00058-2.

Glover FE, Coffey DS, Douglas LL: The Epidemiology of Prostate Cancer in Jamaica. J Urol. 1998, 159 (6): 1984-1986. 10.1097/00005392-199806000-00063.

Bunker CH, Patrick AL, Kinety BR: High Prevalence of Screening-detected Prostate cancer among Afro-Caribbeans: The Tobago Prostate Cancer Survey. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2002, 11: 726-729.

Brawn PN, Johnson EH, Kuhl DL: Stage at Presentation and survival of white and black patients with prostate carcinoma. Cancer. 1993, 71: 2569-2573. 10.1002/1097-0142(19930415)71:8<2569::AID-CNCR2820710822>3.0.CO;2-R.

Hoffman RM, Gilliland FD, Eley JW: Racial and ethnic differences in advanced-stage prostate cancer: The prostate cancer outcomes study. J Natl cancer Inst. 2001, 93 (5): 388-95. 10.1093/jnci/93.5.388.

French DB, Jones LA: Minority Issues in Prostate Disease. Med Clin N Am. 2005, 89: 805-816. 10.1016/j.mcna.2005.02.003.

Dutta Roy S, Philip J, Javle P: Trends in prostate cancer incidence and survival in various socioeconomic classes: A population-based study. Int J Urol. 2005, 12 (7): 644-53. 10.1111/j.1442-2042.2005.01111.x.

Wilson SS, Crawford ED: Screening for Prostate Cancer: Current Recommendations. Urol Clin North Am. 2003, 31: 219-226. 10.1016/j.ucl.2004.01.002.

Prostate Cancer Epidemiology. [ http://www.cancerline.com/cancerlinehcp/9898_12031_6_1_1.aspx ]

Cooperberg MR, Moul JW, Carrol PR: Changing Face of Prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2005, 23 (32): 8146-8151. 10.1200/JCO.2005.02.9751.

Jemal A, Murray T, Samuels A: Cancer Statistics, 2003. CA Cancer J Clin. 53: 5-26. 10.3322/canjclin.53.1.5.

Holmberg L, Bill-Alexson A, Helgesen F: A Randomized trial comparing radical prostatectomy with watchful waiting in early prostate cancer. N Engl J Med. 2002, 347: 781-789. 10.1056/NEJMoa012794.

Labrie F, Candas B, Cusan L: Screening decreases prostate cancer mortality: 11 year follow-up of the 1988 Quebec prospective randomized controlled trial. Prostate. 2004, 59: 311-318. 10.1002/pros.20017.

Bartsch G, Horninger W, Knlocker H: Prostate cancer mortality after introduction of prostate-specific antigen mass screening in the Federal republic of Tyrol, Austria. Urology. 2001, 58: 417-424. 10.1016/S0090-4295(01)01264-X.

Roberts R, Mathan B: Real Men die from Prostate Cancer. "3rd Annual African American Prostate Cancer Disparity Summit." 2007 Washington DC.