Stroke in inflammatory bowel disease: a report of two cases and review of the literature

Thrombosis Journal - Tập 6 - Trang 1-4 - 2008
Deepak Joshi1, Tobias Dickel1, Rakesh Aga1, Gray Smith-Laing1
1Department of Gastroenterology, Medway Maritime Hospital, Kent, UK

Tóm tắt

Thrombosis is a recognised complication of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), in particular venous thrombosis. Arterial thrombosis, especially stroke is rare. There is a paucity of information regarding stroke in IBD and its management. The authors describe two cases of stroke in patients with IBD during periods of increased disease activity. The literature regarding this devastating complication and the procoagulant state that exists in IBD are reviewed.

Tài liệu tham khảo

SriRajaskanthan R, Winter M, Muller AF: Venous thrombosis in inflammatory bowel disease. Eur J Gastro Hep 2005, 17(7):697-700. 10.1097/00042737-200507000-00001 Umit H, Asil T, Celik Y, Tezel A, Dokmeci G, Tuncbilek N, Utku U, Soylu AR: Cerebral sinus thrombosis in patients with IBD: A case report. World Journal of gastroenterology 2005, 11(34):5404-5407. [PMID:16149158] Tsujikawa T, Urabe M, Bamba H, Andoh A, Saskai M, Kayama S, Fujiyama Y, Bamba T: Haemorrhagic cerebral sinus thrombosis associated with ulcerative colitis: a case report of successful treatment by anticoagulant therapy. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2000, 688-692. [PMID: 10921427] 10.1046/j.1440-1746.2000.02190.x Koutroubakis I: Therapy Insight: vascular complications in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 2005, 2: 266-272. [PMID: 16265230]. Danese S, Papa A, Saibeni S, Repici A, Malesci A, Vecchi M: Inflammation and Coagulation in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: The Clot Thickens. The American Journal of Gastroenterology 2007, 102(1):174-186. [PMID: 17100967]. 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00943.x Talbot RW, Heppell J, Dozois RR, Beart RW: Vascular complications of inflammatory bowel disease. Mayo Clin Proc 1986, 61: 140-145. [PMID: 3080643]. Younes-Mhenni S, Derex L, Berruyer M, Nighoghossian N, Philippeau F, Salzmann M, Trouillas P: Large artery stroke in a young patient with Crohn's disease. Role of vitamin B6 deficiency-induced hyperhomocysteinaemia. Journal of Neurological Sciences 2004, 221(1–2):113-115. [PMID: 15178225]. 10.1016/j.jns.2004.03.016 Mayeux R, Fahn S: Strokes and ulcerative colitis. Neurology 1978, 571-574. [PMID: 565888]. Schneiderman JH, Sharpe JA, Sutton DM: Cerebral and retinal complications of inflammatory bowel disease. Ann Neurol 1979, 5: 331-337. [PMID: 443768]. 10.1002/ana.410050405 Novotny D, Rubin R, Slezak F, Porter JA: Arterial thromboembolic complications of Inflammatory bowel disease. Diseases of the colon and rectum 1992, 35(2):193-196. 10.1007/BF02050678 Webberley MJ, Hart MT, Melkian V: Thromboembolism in IBD. Gut 1993, 34: 247-251. [PMID: 8432482]. 10.1136/gut.34.2.247 Miehsler W, Reinisch W, Valic E, Osterode W, Tillinger W, Feichtenschlager T, Grisak J, Machold K, Scholz S, Vogelsang H, Novacek G: Is IBD an independent risk factor for thromboembolism. Gut 2004, 53: 542-548. [PMID: 15016749]. 10.1136/gut.2003.025411 Koutraubakis I: Unravelling the mechanisms of thrombosis in inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Gastroenterol 2001, 96: 1325-1327. [PMID: 11374663]. 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2001.03846.x Yurekli BPS, Aksoy DY, Aybar M, Egesel T, Gurgey A, Hascelik G, Kirazli S, Haznedaroglu IC, Arslan S: The search for a common thrombophilic state during the active state of inflammatory bowel disease. J Clin Gastroenterol 2006, 40(9):809-813. 10.1097/01.mcg.0000225603.33481.56 Danese S, Katz J, Saibeni , Papa A, Gasbarrini A, Vecchi M, Fiocchi C: Activated platelets are the source of elevated levels of soluble CD40 ligand in the circulation of inflammatory bowel disease patients. Gut 2003, 52: 1435-1441. [PMID: 12970136]. 10.1136/gut.52.10.1435 Koutroubakis I, Theodoropoulou A, Xidakis C, Sfiridaki A, Notas G, Kolios G, Kouroumalis EA: Association between enhanced soluble CD40 ligand and prothrombotic state in inflammatory bowel disease. Eur J Gastro Hep 2004, 16: 1147-1152. [PMID: 15489674]. 10.1097/00042737-200411000-00011 Irving PM, Pasi JK, Rampton DS: Thrombosis and inflammatory bowel disease. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2005, 3: 617-628. [PMID: 16206491]. 10.1016/S1542-3565(05)00154-0 Irving PM, Macey MG, Webb , Langmead L, Rampton DS: Formation of platelet leucocyte aggregates in inflammatory bowel disease. Inflammatory bowel disease 2004, 10(4):361-372. 10.1097/00054725-200407000-00007 Carter MJ, Lobo AJ, Travis SP: Guidelines for the management of inflammatory bowel disease in adults. Gut 2004, 53(suppl 5):v1-v16. 10.1136/gut.2004.043372 Pessin MS, Estol CJ, Lafranchise F, Caplan LR: Safety of anticoagulation in haemorrhagic infarctions. Neurology 1993, 43: 1298-1303. Novacek G, Haumer M, Schima W, Muller C, Mieshler W, Polterauer P, Vogelsang H: Aortic mural thrombi in patients with Inflammatory bowel disease. Inflammatory bowel disease 2004, 10(4):430-435. 10.1097/00054725-200407000-00016