Specificity of immunomodulator secretion in urinary samples in response to infection by alpha-hemolysin and CNF1 bearing uropathogenic Escherichia coli

Warren, 1996, Clinical presentation and epidemiology of urinary tract infections, 3 Foxman, 2000, Urinary tract infection: self-reported incidence and associated costs, Ann Epidemiol, 10, 509, 10.1016/S1047-2797(00)00072-7 Russo, 2003, Medical and economic impact of extraintestinal infections due to Escherichia coli: focus on an increasingly important endemic problem, Microbes Infect, 5, 449, 10.1016/S1286-4579(03)00049-2 Bergsten, 2005, Escherichia coli, fimbriae, bacterial persistence and host response induction in the human urinary tract, Int J Med Microbiol, 295, 487, 10.1016/j.ijmm.2005.07.008 Oelschlaeger, 2002, Virulence factors of uropathogens, Curr Opin Urol, 12, 33, 10.1097/00042307-200201000-00007 Brzuszkiewicz, 2006, How to become a uropathogen: comparative genomic analysis of extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli strains, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 103, 12879, 10.1073/pnas.0603038103 Hacker, 1997, Pathogenicity islands of virulent bacteria: structure, function and impact on microbial evolution, Mol Microbiol, 23, 1089, 10.1046/j.1365-2958.1997.3101672.x Welch, 2002, Extensive mosaic structure revealed by the complete genome sequence of uropathogenic Escherichia coli, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 99, 17020, 10.1073/pnas.252529799 Pizarro-Cerda, 2006, Bacterial adhesion and entry into host cells, Cell, 124, 715, 10.1016/j.cell.2006.02.012 Landraud, 2000, Frequency of Escherichia coli strains producing the cytotoxic necrotizing factor (CNF1) in nosocomial urinary tract infections, Lett Appl Microbiol, 30, 213, 10.1046/j.1472-765x.2000.00698.x Landraud, 2003, Expression of cnf1 by Escherichia coli J96 involves a large upstream DNA region including the hlyCABD operon, and is regulated by the RfaH protein, Mol Microbiol, 47, 1653, 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03391.x Chen, 2006, Identification of genes subject to positive selection in uropathogenic strains of Escherichia coli: a comparative genomics approach, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 103, 5977, 10.1073/pnas.0600938103 Flatau, 1997, Toxin-induced activation of the G protein p21 Rho by deamidation of glutamine, Nature, 387, 729, 10.1038/42743 Schmidt, 1997, Gln 63 of Rho is deamidated by Escherichia coli cytotoxic necrotizing factor-1, Nature, 387, 725, 10.1038/42735 Boquet, 2003, Bacterial virulence factors targeting Rho GTPases: parasitism or symbiosis?, Trends Cell Biol, 13, 238, 10.1016/S0962-8924(03)00037-0 Doye, 2002, CNF1 exploits the ubiquitin-proteasome machinery to restrict Rho GTPase activation for bacterial host cell invasion, Cell, 111, 553, 10.1016/S0092-8674(02)01132-7 Lerm, 2002, Proteasomal degradation of cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1-activated rac, Infect Immun, 70, 4053, 10.1128/IAI.70.8.4053-4058.2002 Falzano, 1993, Induction of phagocytic behaviour in human epithelial cells by Escherichia coli cytotoxic necrotizing factor type 1, Mol Microbiol, 9, 1247, 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1993.tb01254.x Munro, 2004, Activation and proteasomal degradation of Rho GTPases by CNF1 elicit a controlled inflammatory response, J Biol Chem, 279, 35849, 10.1074/jbc.M401580200 Uhlen, 2000, Alpha-hemolysin of uropathogenic E. coli induces Ca2+ oscillations in renal epithelial cells, Nature, 405, 694, 10.1038/35015091 Rippere-Lampe, 2001, Mutation of the gene encoding cytotoxic necrotizing factor type 1 (cnf1) attenuates the virulence of uropathogenic Escherichia coli, Infect Immun, 69, 3954, 10.1128/IAI.69.6.3954-3964.2001 Rippere-Lampe, 2001, Cytotoxic necrotizing factor type 1-positive Escherichia coli causes increased inflammation and tissue damage to the prostate in a rat prostatitis model, Infect Immun, 69, 6515, 10.1128/IAI.69.10.6515-6519.2001