Spatio-Temporal Variability and Health Risk Assessment of Benzo[a]pyrene in Different Population Through Ambient Air Exposure in Delhi, India

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 14 - Trang 111-127 - 2021
Anchal Garg1, N. C. Gupta1, Arvind Kumar2
1University School of Environment Management, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Dwarka, India
2Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, Delhi, India

Tóm tắt

The present study was conducted to characterize and assess the magnitude and severity of particulate matter bound B[a]P in outdoor air of Delhi and its potential risks on humans health. For this purpose, the sampling of B[a]P was carried out at six different locations in Delhi for summer and winter seasons. The ambient air samples were collected on Whatman glass fibre filter. The characterization and quantification of PM10 bound B[a]P was carried out in the laboratory through Gas Chromatography. It was found that the levels of B[a]P were much higher in winter (0.54–13.42 ng/m3) as compared to summer (0.08–2.21 ng/m3). Average B[a]P level was found higher than the permissible limit of 1 ng/m3. Statistical analysis suggests that meteorological parameters plays a significant role in B[a]P accumulation in ambient air. The size of particulate matter also affects the B[a]P bounding affinity. The finer particles have shown greater tendency to accumulate organic pollutants on their surface. The Incremental Lifetime Cancer Risk (ILTCR) was estimated by adopting USEPA methodology. It was found that during winter the estimated ILTCR were higher than permissible limit of 1.0E-06 at all locations except an institutional area. The risk vulnerability of different populations groups indicated significant difference in the potential risks. Roadside vendors/workers are more prone to B[a]P associated health risks in comparison of daily commuters mainly due to more exposure time in unfavorable and toxic environmental condition. The ILTCR was found to be almost two times higher for children (1.24E-07–2.07E-05) than for adults (6.42E-08–1.08E-05).

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Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Tập 14

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