Socioeconomic inequalities in current daily smoking in five Turkish regions

Afifi RA, Nakkash RT, Khawaja M (2010) Social capital, women’s autonomy and smoking among married women in low-income urban neighborhoods of Beirut, Lebanon. Women’s Health Issues 20:156–167 Amos A, Haglund M (2000) From social taboo to ‘‘torch of freedom’’: the marketing of cigarettes to women. Tob Control 9:3–8 Anderson SJ, Glantz SA, Ling PM (2005) Emotions for sale: cigarette advertising and women’s psychosocial needs. Tob Control 14:127–135 Çan G, Çakırbay H, Topbaş M et al (2007) Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi’nde sigara içme prevalansı. Tüberküloz ve Toraks Dergisi 55:141–147 Cavelaars AEJM, Kunst AE, Geurts JJ et al (2000) Educational differences in smoking: International comparisons. BMJ 320:1102–1107 Dincer B, Ozaslan M, Kavasoglu T (2003) Socioeconomic development order of provinces and regions in Turkey. State Planning Organization, Ankara Ergin I, Hassoy H, Kunst AE (2012) Socioeconomic inequalities in overweight among adults in Turkey: a regional evaluation. Public Health Nutr 15:58–66 Erler MY, Edinsel K (2011) Tobacco production in Samsun (1788–1919). J Intern Soc Res 4:230–247 General directorate on the status of women (2008) Policy document women and education, Ankara http://www.kadininstatusu.gov.tr/upload/mce/eski_site/Pdf/egitim_ingilizce.pdf. Accessed 15 June 2012 Giskes K, Kunst AE, Benach J et al (2005) Trends in smoking behaviour between 1985 and 2000 in nine European countries by education. J Epidemiol Community Health 59:395–401 Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) (2010) Global Adult Tobacco Survey Turkey Report, Ministry of Health http://www.who.int/tobacco/surveillance/en_tfi_gats_turkey_2009.pdf. Accessed 11 June 2012 Helasoja VV, Lahelma E, Prättälä RS et al (2006) Determinants of daily smoking in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Finland in 1994–2002. Scand J Public Health 34:353–362 Hitchman SC, Fong GT (2011) Gender empowerment and female-to-male smoking prevalence ratios. Bull World Health Organ 89:195–202 Hosseinpoor AR, Parker LA, Tursan d’Espaignet E, Chatterji S (2012) Socioeconomic inequality in smoking in low-income and middle-income countries. Results from the World Health Survey. PLoS ONE 7(8): e42843 Huisman M, Kunst AE, Mackenbach JP (2005a) Inequalities in the prevalence of smoking in the European Union: comparing education and income. Prev Med 40:756–764 Huisman M, Kunst AE, Mackenbach JP (2005b) Educational inequalities in smoking among men and women aged 16 years and older in 11 European countries. Tob Control 14:106–113 Leinsalu M, Tekkel M, Kunst AE (2007) Social determinants of ever initiating smoking differ from those of quitting: a cross-sectional study in Estonia. Eur J Public Health 17:572–578 Leinsalu M, Kaposvári C, Kunst AE (2011) Is income or employment a stronger predictor of smoking than education in economically less developed countries? A cross-sectional study in Hungary. BMC Public Health 11:97 Lopez AD, Collishaw NE, Piha T (1994) A descriptive model of the cigarette epidemic in developed countries. Tob Control 3:242–247 Mckay J, Amos A (2003) Women and tobacco. Respirology 8:123–130 Murphy NT, Price CJ (1988) The influence of self-esteem, parental smoking and living in a tobacco production region on adolescent smoking behaviours. J Sch Health 58:401–405 Ökten Ş (2009) Gender and power: the system of gender in South eastern Anatolia. J Intern Soc Res 2:302–312 Patrick DL, Cheadle A, Thompson DC et al (1994) The validity of self-reported smoking: a review and meta-analysis. Am J Public Health 84:1086–1093 Pomerleau J, Gilmore A, McKee M et al (2004) Determinants of smoking in eight countries of the former Soviet Union: results from the living conditions, lifestyles and health study. Addiction 99:1577–1585 Pudule I, Grinberga D, Kadziauskiene K et al (1999) Patterns of smoking in the Baltic Republics. J Epidemiol Community Health 53:277–282 Rebagliato M (2002) Validation of self reported smoking. J Epidemiol Community Health 56:163–164 Schaap MM, Kunst AE (2009) Monitoring of socio-economic inequalities in smoking: learning from the experiences of recent scientific studies. Public Health 123:103–109 Schaap MM, Van Agt HME, Kunst AE (2008) Identification of socioeconomic groups at increased risk for smoking in European countries: looking beyond educational level. Nicotine Tob Res 10:359–369 Schaap MM, Kunst AE, Leinsalu M et al (2009) Female ever-smoking, education, emancipation and economic development in 19 European countries. Soc Sci Med 68:1271–1278 Sozmen K, Baydur H, Simsek H, Unal B (2012) Decomposing socioeconomic inequalities in self assessed health in Turkey. Intern J Equity Health 11:73 Stronks K, van de Mheen HD, Mackenbach JP (1998) A higher prevalence of health problems in low income groups: does it reflect relative deprivation? J Epidemiol Community Health 52:548–557 Studts JL, Ghate SR, Gill JL et al (2006) Validity of self-reported smoking status among participants in a lung cancer screening trial. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 15:1825–1828 Suadicani P, Hein HO, Gyntelberg F (1994) Serum validated tobacco use and social inequalities in risk of ischaemic heart disease. Int J Epidemiol 23:293–300 Thrasher JF, Niederdeppe J, Farrelly MC et al (2004) The impact of anti-tobacco industry prevention messages in tobacco producing regions: evidence from the US truth campaign. Tob Control 13:283–288 Turkish Statistical Institute (2003) Database for population census 2000 population statistics. www.tuik.gov.tr/IcerikGetir.do?istab_id=158. Accessed 20 July 2010 Turkish Statistical Institute (2011) Women in Statistics 2011, Publication no: 3660 www.tuik.gov.tr/IcerikGetir.do?istab_id=238. Accessed 15 November 2011 Van Loon AJ, Tijhuis M, Picavet HS et al (2003) Survey non-response in the Netherlands: effects on prevalence estimates and associations. Ann Epidemiol 13:105–110 Vartiainen E, Seppälä T, Lilsunde P et al (2002) Validation of self reported smoking by serum cotinine measurement in a community-based study. J Epidemiol Community Health 56:167–170 Vasankari T, Jousilahti P, Knekt P et al (2011) Serum cotinine predicts bronchial obstruction regardless of self-reported smoking history. Scand J Public Health 39:547–552 Wagenknecht LE, Burke GL, Perkins LL et al (1992) Misclassification of smoking status in the CARDIA study: a comparison of self-report with serum cotinine levels. Am J Public Health 82:33–36 World Health Organization (1998) Guidelines for controlling and monitoring the tobacco epidemic, Geneva World Health Survey (2002) Sampling Guidelines for Participating Countries. Switzerland, Geneva World Health Survey Report of Turkey (2012) http://www.who.int/healthinfo/survey/whstur-turkey.pdf. Accessed 20 September 2012 Yürekli A, Önder Z, Elibol M et al (2010) The Economics of Tobacco Control and Tobacco Taxation: Challenges & Opportunities for a Tobacco Free Turkey. http://global.tobaccofreekids.org/files/pdfs/en/Turkey_Tobacco_Economics_en.pdf. Accessed 10 November 2011