Ghép thận bằng robot ở bệnh nhân béo phì: Kinh nghiệm 10 năm từ một trung tâm duy nhất

American Journal of Transplantation - Tập 20 - Trang 430 - 2020
Enrico Benedetti1, Jose Oberholzer2, Pier Cristoforo Giulianotti3, Mario Spaggiari1, Pierpaolo Di Cocco1, Ivo G. Tzvetanov1, Obi Okoye1, Hoonbae Jeon4, Caterina Di Bella1, Kiara A. Tulla1
1Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
2Charles O. Strickler Transplant Center, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia
3Division of General, Minimally Invasive, & Robotic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
4Department of Surgery, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana

Tóm tắt

Mặc dù tỉ lệ béo phì trong dân số lọc máu đang gia tăng, nhiều trung tâm vẫn từ chối ghép thận cho các bệnh nhân béo phì. Chúng tôi đã thực hiện một phân tích hồi cứu tại một trung tâm về ghép thận hỗ trợ robot (RAKT) từ tháng 1 năm 2009 đến tháng 12 năm 2018. Tổng cộng có 239 bệnh nhân được đưa vào phân tích này. Chỉ số khối cơ thể (BMI) trung vị là 41,4 kg/m2, với phần lớn bệnh nhân (53,1%) là người gốc Phi và 69,4% các cơ quan hiến tặng được lấy từ người cho sống. Thời gian phẫu thuật trung vị và thời gian thiếu máu nóng lần lượt là 4,8 giờ và 45 phút. Các biến chứng vết thương (chủ yếu là dịch tụ và tụ máu) xảy ra ở 3,8% bệnh nhân, với 1 bệnh nhân phát triển nhiễm trùng tại chỗ phẫu thuật (SSI). Mười bảy (7,1%) trường hợp thất bại ghép, chủ yếu do phản ứng cấp tính, đã được báo cáo trong thời gian theo dõi. Tỉ lệ sống sót của bệnh nhân là 98% và 95%, trong khi tỉ lệ sống sót của ghép là 98% và 93%, tại 1 và 3 năm tương ứng. Các số liệu sinh tồn tương tự cũng được ghi nhận từ bệnh nhân trải qua phương pháp ghép mở trong cùng thời gian từ cơ sở dữ liệu UNOS. Kết luận, RAKT có thể được thực hiện an toàn cho các bệnh nhân béo phì với nguy cơ SSI tối thiểu, chức năng ghép tuyệt vời và kết quả bệnh nhân tương đương với dữ liệu quốc gia. RAKT có thể cải thiện khả năng tiếp cận ghép thận cho bệnh nhân béo phì do tỉ lệ biến chứng phẫu thuật thấp.

Từ khóa

#nghiên cứu lâm sàng/thực hành #sự chênh lệch #nghiên cứu dịch vụ và kết quả y tế #ghép thận/thận học #béo phì #kỹ thuật phẫu thuật

Tài liệu tham khảo

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