Rheumatoid Arthritis

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Ahmed, 1985, Sex hormones, immune responses, and autoimmune diseases: Mechanisms of sex hormone action, Am J Pathol, 121, 531

Aho, 1989, Clinical arthritis associated with positive radiological and serological findings in Finnish adults, Rheumatol Intern, 9, 7, 10.1007/BF00270283

Aho, 1986, Occurrence of rheumatoid arthritis in a nationwide series of twins, J Rheumatol, 13, 899

Al-Rawi, 1978, Rheumatoid arthritis in population samples in Iraq, Ann Rheum Dis, 37, 73, 10.1136/ard.37.1.73

Allebeck, 1982, Increased mortality in rheumatoid arthritis, Scand J Rheum, 11, 81, 10.3109/03009748209098167

Allebeck, 1981, Increased mortality among patients with rheumatoid arthritis, but where RA does not appear on the death certificate, J Rheum, 10, 301

Allebeck, 1984, Do oral contraceptives reduce the incidence of rheumatoid arthritis?, Scand J Rheumatol, 13, 140, 10.3109/03009748409100377

Amor, 1981, Polyarthities rheumatoides evolvant depuis plus de 10 ans (1966–1978): Analyse de l’revolution et des traitment de 11 cas, Ann Med Interne, 132, 168

Arnett, 1988, The American Rheumatism Association 1987 revised criteria for the classification of rheumatoid arthritis, Arthritis Rheum, 31, 315, 10.1002/art.1780310302

Baker, 1981, Rheumatoid arthritis: A psychiatric assessment, Br Med J, 282, 2014, 10.1136/bmj.282.6281.2014

Ball, 1961, Epidemiology of the sheep cell agglutination test, Ann Rheum Dis, 20, 235, 10.1136/ard.20.3.235

Banks, 1979, Lymphoid neoplasia developing after connective tissue disease, Mayo Clin Proc, 54, 104

Beall, 1961, The frequency distribution of episodes of RA as shown by periodic examination, J Chron Dis, 14, 291, 10.1016/0021-9681(61)90090-X

Beasley, 1973, High prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis in Yakima Indians, Arthritis Rheum, 16, 743, 10.1002/art.1780160607

Behrend, 1972, Prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis in rural Germany, Int J Epidemiol, 1, 153, 10.1093/ije/1.2.153

Behrend, 1972, Eine longtitudinale studie in hinblick auf rheumatische erkankungen in der landlichen bevolkerung von oberhorlen in Hessen, Z Rheumaforsch, 31, 153

Beighton, 1975, Rheumatoid arthritis in an urban South African Negro population, Ann Rheum Dis, 34, 136, 10.1136/ard.34.2.136

Bell, 1985, DNA sequence and characterisation of human class II major histocompatibility complex beta chains from the DR1 haplotype, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 82, 3405, 10.1073/pnas.82.10.3405

Bennett, 1986, The etiology of rheumatoid arthritis, 879

Bennett, 1967, New York symposium on population studies in the rheumatic diseases; new diagnostic criteria, Bull Rheum Dis, 17, 453

Beral, 1984, Poor reproductive outcome in insulin dependent diabetic women associated with later development of other endocrine disorders in the mothers, Lancet, 1, 4, 10.1016/S0140-6736(84)90178-8

Berkson, 1962, Mortality and marital status, Am J Publ Health, 52, 1318, 10.2105/AJPH.52.8.1318

Bijlsma, 1987, Effect of oestrogen treatment on clinical and laboratory manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis, Ann Rheum Dis, 46, 777, 10.1136/ard.46.10.777

Blais, 1962, The use of norethynodrel (Enovid) in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, Arthritis Rheum, 5, 289

Boyer, 1988, Prevalence rates of spondyloarthropathies, rheumatoid arthritis, and other rheumatic disorders in an Alaskan Inupiat Eskimo population, J Rheumatol, 15, 678

Boyko, 1987, Risk of ulcerative colitis among former and current cigarette smokers, N Engl J Med, 316, 707, 10.1056/NEJM198703193161202

Buchanan, 1979, Hypothesis: That rheumatoid arthritis will disappear, J Rheumatol, 6, 324

Calin, 1981, The case against seronegative rheumatoid arthritis, Am J Med, 70, 992, 10.1016/0002-9343(81)90846-9

Cannon, 1985, Increased plasma interleukin-1 activity in women after ovulation, Science, 227, 1247, 10.1126/science.3871966

Carrette, 1989, Postmenopausal hormones and the incidence of RA, J Rheumatol, 16, 911

Cathcart, 1968, Appraisal of criteria and prevalence in a population study, Arthritis Rheum, 11, 472

Cathcart, 1970, Rheumatoid arthritis in a New England town. A prevalence study in Sudbury, Massachusetts, N Engl J Med, 282, 421, 10.1056/NEJM197002192820804

Chang, 1983, Rheumatic diseases in China, J Rheumatol, 80, 41

Cobb, 1953, Length of life and cause of death in rheumatoid arthritis, N Engl J Med, 249, 553, 10.1056/NEJM195310012491402

Cobb, 1959, On the relationship between divorce and RA, Arthritis Rheum, 2, 414, 10.1002/1529-0131(195910)2:5<414::AID-ART1780020506>3.0.CO;2-B

Cobb, 1957, An estimate of the prevalence of RA, J Chron Dis, 5, 636, 10.1016/0021-9681(57)90073-5

Cohen, 1986, Human parvovirus infection in early rheumatoid and inflammatory arthritis, Ann Rheum Dis, 451, 832, 10.1136/ard.45.10.832

Crofts, 1979, Rheumatoid arthritis and hairy cell leukaemia, Lancet, 2, 203, 10.1016/S0140-6736(79)91474-0

Darmawan, 1988

Del Junco, 1989, The relationship between rheumatoid arthritis and reproductive function, Br J Rheumatol, 28, 33, 10.1093/rheumatology/XXVIII.suppl_1.33

Del Junco, 1985, Do oral contraceptives prevent rheumatoid arthritis?, JAMA, 254, 1938, 10.1001/jama.254.14.1938

del Puente, 1989, High incidence and prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis in Pima Indians, Am J Epidemiol, 129, 1170, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115238

del Puente, 1988, The incidence of rheumatoid arthritis is predicted by rheumatoid factor titer in a longitudinal population study, Arthritis Rheum, 31, 1239, 10.1002/art.1780311004

Dugowson, 1989, Incidence of RA in women, Arthritis Rheum, 32, B80

Dugowson, 1989, Evaluation of the 1988 criteria for rheumatoid arthritis: Application to a newly diagnosed cohort, Arthritis Rheum, 32, B79

Duthie, 1964, Course and prognosis in rheumatoid arthritis: A further report, Ann Rheum Dis, 23, 193, 10.1136/ard.23.3.193

Editorial, 1984, Viruses and rheumatoid arthritis, Lancet, 1, 772

Engel A, Roberts J, Burch TA: Rheumatoid arthritis in adults. United States 1960–62. Publ Health Service Publ. No. 1000, Ser. 11, No. 17, 1966

Engel, 1968, RA in US adults

Esdaile, 1986, Observational studies of cause-effect relationships: An analysis of methodologic problems as illustrated by the conflicting data for the role of oral contraceptives in the etiology of rheumatoid arthritis, J Chron Dis, 39, 841, 10.1016/0021-9681(86)90086-X

Fernandez-Madsrid, 1985, Influence of antecedent lymphoid surgery on the odds of acquiring rheumatoid arthritis, J Rheumatol, 12, 43

Festenstein, 1986, New HLA DNA polymorphisms associated with autoimmune diseases, Nature, 322, 64, 10.1038/322064a0

Ford, 1989, Microbiology will give the real answers to rheumatoid arthritis?, Br J Rheumatol, 28, 436, 10.1093/rheumatology/28.5.436

Fraga, 1974, Sterility and fertility rates, fetal wastage and maternal morbidity in systemic lupus erythematosus, J Rheumatol, 1, 293

Frank, 1988, Depression in rheumatoid arthritis, J Rheumatol, 15, 920

Fries, 1989, Toward an epidemiology of gastropathy associated with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug use, Gastroenterology, 96, 647, 10.1016/S0016-5085(89)80061-7

Garrod, 1890

Gaulhoefer-de Klerck, 1963, Septic complications in rheumatoid arthritis, Acta Rheum Scand, 9, 254, 10.3109/rhe1.1963.9.issue-1-4.29

Gerencer, 1982, An association between serum testosterone level and HLA phenotype, Immunol Lett, 4, 155, 10.1016/0165-2478(82)90028-1

Gill, 1968, Rheumatic complaints of women using anti-ovulatory drugs: An evaluation, J Chron Dis, 21, 435, 10.1016/0021-9681(68)90006-4

Goldenberg, 1969, The association of rheumatoid arthritis with plasma cell and lymphocytic neoplasms, Arthritis Rheum, 12, 569, 10.1002/art.1780120604

Goldstein, 1987, The genetics of rheumatic disease in man, Rheum Dis Clin North Am, 13, 487, 10.1016/S0889-857X(21)00930-3

Goldstein, 1987, Functional assessment and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis in relation to menstrual cycle phase, J Rheumatol, 14, 395

Good, 1978, Intracranial histiocytic lymphoma with rheumatoid arthritis, J Rheumatol, 5, 75

Gottlieb, 1974, Pets and rheumatoid arthritis, Arthritis Rheum, 17, 229, 10.1002/art.1780170305

Gottlieb, 1979, Antecedent tonsilectomy and appendectomy in rheumatoid arthritis, J Rheumatol, 6, 316

Gran, 1987, Seronegative rheumatoid arthritis and HLA DR4. Proposal for criteria, J Rheumatol, 14, 1079

Gran, 1983, The association between rheumatoid arthritis and the HLA antigen HLA-DR4, Ann Rheum Dis, 42, 292, 10.1136/ard.42.3.292

Gran, 1986, The incidence of classical and definite rheumatoid arthritis in Lillehammer, Norway, Scand J Rheum, 15, 7

Gregersen, 1987, The shared epitope hypothesis: An approach to understanding the molecular genetics of susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis, Arthritis Rheum, 30, 1205, 10.1002/art.1780301102

Grennan, 1988, Genetics of rheumatoid arthritis, Clin Rheum Dis, 2, 585

Grinlinton, 1988, Menstrual cyclicity of disease activity and correlation with IL-1 beta levels in rheumatoid arthritis, Br J Rheumatol, 27, 68

Haavik, 1979, Rheumatoid arthritis in a Norwegian County. A study based on the local doctor’s files, Scand J Rheumatol, 8, 184, 10.3109/03009747909114453

Hakulinen, 1985, Rheumatoid arthritis and cancer studies based on linking nationwide registries in Finland, Am J Med, 78, 29, 10.1016/0002-9343(85)90242-6

Hargreaves, 1958, A survey of rheumatoid arthritis in West Cornwall. A report to the Empire Rheumatism Council, Ann Rheum Dis, 17, 61, 10.1136/ard.17.1.61

Harvey, 1981, Rheumatoid arthritis in a Chippewa band. 1. Pilot screening study of disease prevalence, Arthritis Rheum, 24, 717, 10.1002/art.1780240515

Hazes, 1989, Cigarette smoking and the onset of rheumatoid arthritis, Br J Rheumatol, 28, 95

Hazes, 1987, Oral contraception and rheumatoid arthritis: A protective effect independent of duration of pill use, Br J Rheumatol, 26, 93

Hazes, 1989, Pregnancy experience associated with the risk of rheumatoid arthritis, Br J Rheumatol, 28, 87

Hazes, 1990, Influence of oral contraception on the occurrence of rheumatoid arthritis in female sibs, Scand J Rheumatol, 10.3109/03009749009102538

Hellgren, 1969, Marital status in RA, Acta Rheumatol Scand, 15, 271, 10.3109/rhe1.1969.15.issue-1-4.36

Hellgren, 1970, The prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis in different geographical areas in Sweden, Acta Rheumatol Scand, 16, 293, 10.3109/rhe1.1970.16.issue-1-4.34

Hellgren, 1970, Prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis in densely and thinly populated areas of Sweden, Acta Rheumatol Scand, 16, 18, 10.3109/rhe1.1970.16.issue-1-4.04

Hench, 1940, Chronic arthritis, Vol 3, 3298

Hench, 1938, The ameliorating effect of pregnancy on chronic atrophic (infectious rheumatoid) arthritis, fibrositis, and intermittent hydrarthritis, Mayo Clin Proc, 13, 161

Hernandez, 1988, Oral contraceptives and postmenopausal hormone use and the risk of rheumatoid arthritis, Arthritis Rheum, 31, C148

Hochberg, 1990, Changes in the incidence and prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis in England and Wales, 1970–1982, Semin Arthritis Rheum, 19, 1, 10.1016/0049-0172(90)90052-H

Hollander, 1963, The effects of simultaneous variations of humidity and barometric pressure in arthritis, Bull Am Meterol Soc, 44, 389, 10.1175/1520-0477-44.8.489

Huskisson, 1972, Severe, unusual and recurrent infections in rheumatoid arthritis, Ann Rheum Dis, 31, 118, 10.1136/ard.31.2.118

Isacson, 1987, A seventeen year follow-up of a population survey of rheumatoid arthritis, Scand J Rheumatol, 16, 145, 10.3109/03009748709165267

Isomaki, 1978, Excess risk of lymphomas, leukaemias and myeloma in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, J Chron Dis, 31, 691, 10.1016/0021-9681(78)90071-1

Isomaki, 1978, Incidence of inflammatory rheumatic diseases in Finland, Scand J Rheumatol, 7, 188, 10.3109/03009747809095652

Jenkinson, 1988, Rheumatoid arthritis and senile dementia of the Alzheimer’s type, Br J Rheumatol, 28, 86, 10.1093/rheumatology/28.1.86-b

Jongh de, 1984, Epidemiological study of HLA and GM of rheumatoid arthritis and related symptoms in an open Dutch population, Ann Rheum Dis, 43, 613, 10.1136/ard.43.4.613

Julkunen, 1974, Severe trauma as an etiologic factor in rheumatoid arthritis, Scand J Rheumatol, 3, 97, 10.3109/03009747409115808

Kaplan, 1986, The age of death of the parents of patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A preliminary study, J Rheumatol, 13, 903

Kaplan, 1986, Fetal wastage inpatients with rheumatoid arthritis, J Rheumatol, 13, 875

Kato, 1971, Rheumatoid arthritis and gout in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan, J Chron Dis, 23, 659, 10.1016/0021-9681(71)90161-5

Kay, 1965, Subfertility before and after the development of rheumatoid arthritis in women, Ann Rheum Dis, 24, 169, 10.1136/ard.24.2.169

Kellgren, 1962, Diagnostic criteria for population studies, Bull Rheum Dis, 12, 291

Kellgren, 1964, The epidemiology of rheumatic diseases, Ann Rheum Dis, 23, 109, 10.1136/ard.23.2.109

Key, 1989, The relationship of SHBG with current and previous use of oral contraceptives and oestrogen replacement therapy, Contraception, 39, 179, 10.1016/S0010-7824(89)80006-X

Kinnell, 1984, Arthritis in Down’s syndrome, Br J Rheumatol, 684, 1162

Klouda, 1986, HLA and acute arthritis following human parvovirus infection, Tissue Antigens, 28, 318, 10.1111/j.1399-0039.1986.tb00502.x

Koepsell, 1989, Preliminary findings from a case-control study of the risk of rheumatoid arthritis in relation to oral contraceptive use, Br J Rheumatol, 28, 41, 10.1093/rheumatology/XXVIII.suppl_1.41

Koota, 1977, Death rate and causes of death during a period of 5 years, Scand J Rheumatol, 6, 241, 10.3109/03009747709095458

Latman, 1983, Relation of the menstrual cycle phase to symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis, Am J Med, 74, 957, 10.1016/0002-9343(83)90789-1

Laurent, 1989, Incidence and severity of rheumatoid arthritis: The view from Australasia, Br J Rheumatol, 28, 360, 10.1093/rheumatology/28.4.360

Lawrence, 1969, Epidemiology and genetics of rheumatoid arthritis, Rheumatology (Basel), 2, 1

Lawrence, 1961, Prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis, Ann Rheum Dis, 20, 11, 10.1136/ard.20.1.11

Lawrence, 1977

Lawrence, 1958, Genetic studies on rheumatoid arthritis, Ann Rheum Dis, 17, 160, 10.1136/ard.17.2.160

Levin, 1989, Clinical assessment of the 1987 American Rheumatism Association (ARA) criteria for rheumatoid arthritis, Arthritis Rheum, 32, A20

Liang, 1984, Estrogen use, menopausal status, and relationship to rheumatoid arthritis, Ann Rheum Dis, 43, 115

Lincoln, 1963, The prevalence of mild rheumatoid arthritis in industry, J Occup Med, 5, 10

Linos, 1986, The effect of tonsilectomy and appendectomy on the development of rheumatoid arthritis, J Rheumatol, 13, 707

Linos, 1980, The epidemiology of rheumatoid arthritis in Rochester, Minnesota: A study of its incidence, prevalence and mortality, Am J Epidemiol, 111, 87, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112878

Linos, 1983, Case-control study of rheumatoid arthritis and prior use of oral contraceptives, Lancet, 1, 1299, 10.1016/S0140-6736(83)92413-3

Masi, 1967, Population studies in rheumatic disease, Ann Rev Med, 18, 185, 10.1146/annurev.me.18.020167.001153

Masi, 1988, Rheumatoid factor negative (seronegative) rheumatoid arthritis: Evolving clinical classification and immunogenetic associations, J Rheumatol, 15, 4

Masi, 1984, Low adrenal androgenic-anabolic steroids in women with rheumatoid arthritis: Gas liquid chromatographic studies of RA patients and matched normal control women indicating decreased 11- deoxy-17-ketosteroid excretion, Semin Arthritis Rheum, 14, 1, 10.1016/0049-0172(84)90005-2

Meyerowitz, 1968, Monozygotic twins discordant for rheumatoid arthritis. A genetic, clinical and psychologic study of 8 sets, Arthritis Rheum, 11, 1, 10.1002/art.1780110102

Mikkelsen, 1967, Estimates of the prevalence of rheumatic diseases in the population of Techumseh, Michigan 1959–60, J Chron Dis, 20, 351, 10.1016/0021-9681(67)90009-4

Mitchell, 1986, Survival, prognosis and causes of death in rheumatoid arthritis, Arthritis Rheum, 29, 706, 10.1002/art.1780290602

Monson, 1976, Mortality among arthritics, J Chron Dis, 29, 459, 10.1016/0021-9681(76)90086-2

Moolenburg, 1984, Rheumatoid arthritis in Lesotho, Ann Rheum Dis, 43, 40, 10.1136/ard.43.1.40

Moolenburg, 1986, A population study on southern Africa, Ann Rheum Dis, 45, 691, 10.1136/ard.45.8.691

Muller, 1970

Murphy, 1988, Psychiatric disorder and illness behaviour in rheumatoid arthritis, Br J Rheumatol, 27, 357, 10.1093/rheumatology/27.5.357

Mutru, 1985, Ten year mortality and causes of death in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, Br J Med, 290, 1797, 10.1136/bmj.290.6484.1797

Mutru, 1989, Cardiovascular mortality in patients with RA, Cardiology, 76, 71, 10.1159/000174474

Myers, 1977, Rheumatoid arthritis in a tribal Xhosa population in the Transkei, southern Africa, Ann Rheum Dis, 36, 62, 10.1136/ard.36.1.62

Nepom, 1987, The molecular basis for HLA class II associations with rheumatoid arthritis, J Clin Immunol, 7, 1, 10.1007/BF00915418

O’Sullivan, 1968, Diagnostic criteria and the incidence of rheumatoid arthritis in Sudbury. Population studies of the rheumatic diseases, Excerpta Med Int Cong Series, 148, 109

Oen, 1986, Rheumatic disease in an Inuit population, Arthritis Rheum, 29, 65, 10.1002/art.1780290109

Oillier, 1989, Are certain HLA haplotypes responsible for low testosterone levels in males, Dis Markers, 7, 139

Oudsten, 1968, Longitudinal survey of rheumatoid arthritis in an urban district of Rotterdam, Excerpta Med Int Cong Series, 148, 95

Patberg, 1985, Relation between metreological factors and pain in rheumatoid arthritis in a marine climate, J Rheumatol, 12, 711

Patel, 1983, Preceding tonsilectomy and appendectomy in rheumatoid and degenerative arthritis, J Rheumatol, 10, 312

Payami, 1986, Genetics of rheumatoid arthritis, Tissue Antigens, 27, 57, 10.1111/j.1399-0039.1986.tb01499.x

Persellin, 1977, The effect of pregnancy on rheumatoid arthritis, Bull Rheum Dis, 27, 9226

Phillips, 1989, How do bacteria cause chronic arthritis?, J Rheumatol, 16, 1017

Pinals, 1987, Survival in rheumatoid arthritis, Arthritis Rheum, 30, 473, 10.1002/art.1780300421

Pincus, 1984, Severe functional declines, worse disability and increased mortality in seventy-five rheumatoid arthritis patients studied over nine years, Arthritis Rheum, 27, 864, 10.1002/art.1780270805

Pincus, 1985, Formal education as a marker for increased mortality and morbidity in rheumatoid arthritis, J Chron Dis, 38, 973, 10.1016/0021-9681(85)90095-5

Pincus, 1986, Taking mortality in rheumatoid arthritis seriously—predictive markers, socioeconomic status and comorbidity, J Rheumatol, 14, 841

Prior, 1984, Cancer mortality in rheumatoid arthritis, Ann Rheum Dis, 43, 128, 10.1136/ard.43.2.128

Prior, 1984, Cause of death in rheumatoid arthritis, Br J Rheumatol, 23, 92, 10.1093/rheumatology/23.2.92

Ragan, 1962, The clinical features of rheumatoid arthritis, JAMA, 181, 663, 10.1001/jama.1962.03050340001001

Rasker, 1984, The natural history of RA. A fifteen year follow-up study, Clin Rheumatol, 3, 11, 10.1007/BF02715690

Rasker, 1986, Influence of weather on stiffness and force in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, J Rheumatol, 15, 27

Rockliffe, 1964, Effect of Norethynodrel in rheumatoid arthritis, JAMA, 147

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Ropes, 1958, 1958 revision of diagnostic criteria for rheumatoid arthritis, Bull Rheum Dis, 9, 175

Rudge, 1983, Menstrual cyclicity of finger joint size and grip strength in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, Ann Rheum Dis, 42, 425, 10.1136/ard.42.4.425

Scott, 1987, The long-term outcome of treating rheumatoid arthritis: Results after 20 years, Lancet, 1, 1108, 10.1016/S0140-6736(87)91672-2

Shichikawa, 1981, A population survey of Ra in a rural district of Japan, JRyumachi, 21, 35

Sherrer, 1986, The development of disability in rheumatoid arthritis, Arthritis Rheum, 29, 494, 10.1002/art.1780290406

Short, 1974, The antiquity of rheumatoid arthritis, Arthritis Rheum, 17, 193, 10.1002/art.1780170302

Short, 1957

Silman, 1986, Is pregnancy a risk factor in the causation of rheumatoid arthritis?, Ann Rheum Dis, 45, 1031, 10.1136/ard.45.12.1031

Silman, 1986, Recent trends in rheumatoid arthritis, Br J Rheumatol, 25, 328, 10.1093/rheumatology/25.4.328

Silman, 1988, Has the incidence of rheumatoid arthritis declined in the United Kingdom?, Br J Rheumatol, 27, 77, 10.1093/rheumatology/27.1.77

Silman, 1988, The 1987 revised American Rheumatism Association criteria for RA, Br J Rheumatol, 27, 341, 10.1093/rheumatology/27.5.341

Silman, 1989, Rheumatoid arthritis and infection: A population approach, Ann Rheum Dis, 48, 707, 10.1136/ard.48.9.707

Silman, 1983, Is rheumatoid arthritis becoming less severe?, J Chron Dis, 36, 891, 10.1016/0021-9681(83)90011-5

Silman, 1989, Twin concordance rates for rheumatoid arthritis: Preliminary results from a nationwide study, Br J Rheumatol, 28, 95

Silman, 1988, Lymphoproliferative cancer and other malignancy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with azathioprine: A twenty year follow-up study, Ann Rheum Dis, 47, 988, 10.1136/ard.47.12.988

Silman, 1988, Adverse reproductive outcome in women who subsequently develop rheumatoid arthritis, Ann Rheum Dis, 47, 979, 10.1136/ard.47.12.979

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Solomon, 1975, Rheumatoid arthritis in an urban South African Negro population, Ann Rheum Dis, 34, 128, 10.1136/ard.34.2.128

Sorensen, 1973, Rheumatoid arthritis in Denmark. Two population studies, Dan Med Bull, 20, 86

Spector, 1989, Sex hormone measurements in RA, Br J Rheumatol, 28, 62, 10.1093/rheumatology/XXVIII.suppl_1.62

Spector, 1988, The effect of cigarette smoking and Langerhans’ cells: A possible protective mechanism in chronic inflammatory conditions, Lancet, 2, 1028, 10.1016/S0140-6736(88)90794-5

Spector, 1988, Evidence for similarity in testosterone levels in haplotype identical brothers, Dis Markers, 6, 119

Spector, 1988, The pill and rheumatoid arthritis: Evidence of a protective effect using two control groups, Arthritis Rheum, 31, S58

Spector, 1990, The pill, parity and rheumatoid arthritis, Arthritis Rheum, 10.1002/art.1780330604

Spector, 1988, What happens to patients with rheumatoid arthritis: The longterm view, Clin Rheumatol, 7, 315, 10.1007/BF02239187

Spector, 1987, Does the negative association between rheumatoid arthritis and schizophrenia provide clues to the aetiology of rheumatoid arthritis?, Br J Rheumatol, 26, 307, 10.1093/rheumatology/26.4.307

Spector, 1987, Oral contraceptives and rheumatoid arthritis: Bias in observational studies of cause-effect relationships, J Chron Dis, 40, 1063, 10.1016/0021-9681(87)90121-4

Spector, 1988, Parental mortality in rheumatoid arthritis, J Rheumatol, 15, 150

Spector, 1988, Postmenopausal oestrogens and rheumatoid arthritis: A case control study, Br J Rheumatol, 27, 3

Spector, 1990, Is adverse reproductive outcome a risk factor for rheumatoid arthritis?, Ann Rheum Dis, 49, 12, 10.1136/ard.49.1.12

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Statsny, 1978, Association of the B-cell autoantigen DRw4 with rheumatoid arthritis, N Engl J Med, 298, 869, 10.1056/NEJM197804202981602

Statsny, 1980, Rheumatoid arthritis, 681

Steinbrocker, 1949, Therapeutic criteria in rheumatoid arthritis, JAMA, 140, 659, 10.1001/jama.1949.02900430001001

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Tzonchev, 1968, Prevalence of inflammatory arthritis in Bulgaria

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Ungar, 1983, Disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis during pregnancy, Br Med J, 286, 750, 10.1136/bmj.286.6367.750

Valkenburg, 1979, Epoz Report, 4, 12

Valkenburg, 1975, Pattern of rheumatoid disease in society. Change or disappearance?, Scand J Rheumatol, 5, 89

van der Heijde, 1988, Influence of prognostic features on the final outcome in rheumatoid arthritis: A review of the literature, Semin Arthritis Rheum, 17, 284, 10.1016/0049-0172(88)90013-3

van Zeben, 1989, Oral contraception protects against severe forms of rheumatoid arthritis, Br J Rheumatol, 28, 86

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Vandenbroucke, 1987, Frequency of infections among rheumatoid arthritis patients, before and after disease onset, Arthritis Rheum, 30, 810, 10.1002/art.1780300711

Vandenbroucke, 1982, Oral contraceptives and rheumatoid arthritis: Further evidence for a protective effect, Lancet, 2, 839, 10.1016/S0140-6736(82)90809-1

Vandenbroucke, 1986, Noncontraceptive hormones and rheumatoid arthritis in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women, JAMA, 255, 1299, 10.1001/jama.1986.03370100093024

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Wolfe, 1989, Age of death of parents of patients with RA, J Rheumatol, 16, 735

Wolfe, 1983, Rheumatoid arthritis and antecedent tonsilectomy, J Rheumatol, 10, 309

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Wood, 1968, Age in the rheumatic diseases

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Zarnowski, 1986, Increased frequency of GM (1,2,21) phenotype in HLA-DR4 positive seropositive rheumatoid arthritis, J Rheumatol, 13, 858