RAGE Drives the Development of Glomerulosclerosis and Implicates Podocyte Activation in the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Nephropathy

Ritz, 1999, End-stage renal failure in type 2 diabetes: a medical catastrophe of worldwide dimension, Am J Kidney Dis, 34, 795, 10.1016/S0272-6386(99)70035-1

Koch, 1997, Apolipoprotein A, fibrinogen, age, and history of stroke are predictors of death in dialyzed diabetic subjects: prospective study of 412 subjects, Nephrol Dial Transplant, 12, 2603, 10.1093/ndt/12.12.2603

Yamamoto, 1993, Expression of transforming growth factor β is elevated in human and experimental diabetic nephropathy, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 90, 1814, 10.1073/pnas.90.5.1814

Border, 1994, Transforming growth factor β in tissue fibrosis, N Engl J Med, 331, 1286, 10.1056/NEJM199411103311907

Wolf, 1999, Leptin stimulates proliferation and TGF-β expression in renal glomerular endothelial cells: potential role in glomerulosclerosis, Kidney Int, 56, 860, 10.1046/j.1523-1755.1999.00626.x

Sharma, 1996, Neutralization of TGF-β by anti-TGF-β antibody attenuates kidney hypertrophy and the enhanced extracellular matrix gene expression in stz-induced diabetic mice, Diabetes, 45, 522, 10.2337/diabetes.45.4.522

Ziyadeh, 2000, Long-term prevention of renal insufficiency, excess matrix gene expression, and glomerular mesangial matrix expansion by treatment with monoclonal antitransforming growth factor-β antibody in db/db diabetic mice, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 97, 8015, 10.1073/pnas.120055097

Cooper, 1999, Increased renal expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor VEGFR-2 in experimental diabetes, Diabetes, 48, 2229, 10.2337/diabetes.48.11.2229

De Vriese, 1999, Hyperfiltration and albuminuria in diabetes: role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), J Am Soc Nephrol, 10, A3434

Clauss, 1990, Vascular permeability factor: a tumor-derived polypeptide that induces endothelial cell and monocyte procoagulant activity, and promotes monocyte migration, J Exp Med, 172, 1535, 10.1084/jem.172.6.1535

Barleon, 1996, Migration of monocytes in response to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is mediated via the VEGF receptor flt-1, Blood, 87, 3336, 10.1182/blood.V87.8.3336.bloodjournal8783336

Sassy-Prigent, 2000, Early glomerular macrophage recruitment in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, Diabetes, 49, 466, 10.2337/diabetes.49.3.466

Coimbra, 2000, Early events leading to renal injury in obese Zucker (fatty) rats with type II diabetes, Kidney Int, 57, 167, 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2000.00836.x

Furata, 1993, The role of macrophages in diabetes glomerulosclerosis, Am J Kidney Dis, 21, 180

Tanji, 2000, The expression of advanced glycation endproducts and their cellular receptor RAGE in diabetic nephropathy and non-diabetic renal disease, J Am Soc Nephrol, 11, 1656, 10.1681/ASN.V1191656

Schmidt, 1992, Isolation and characterization of binding proteins for advanced glycosylation endproducts from lung tissue which are present on the endothelial cell surface, J Biol Chem, 267, 14987, 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)42137-0

Neeper, 1992, Cloning and expression of RAGE: a cell surface receptor for advanced glycosylation end products of proteins, J Biol Chem, 267, 14998, 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)42138-2

Hofmann, 1999, RAGE mediates a novel proinflammatory axis: a central cell surface receptor for S100/calgranulin polypeptides, Cell, 97, 889, 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80801-6

Regoli, 1997, Alterations in the expression of alpha 3 beta 1 integrin in certain membrane domains of the glomerular epithelial cells (podocytes) in diabetes mellitus, Diabetologia, 40, 15, 10.1007/s001250050637

Pagtalunan, 1997, Podocyte loss and progressive glomerular injury in type II diabetes, J Clin Invest, 99, 342, 10.1172/JCI119163

Williams, 1998, A potential role for angiotensin II-induced vascular endothelial growth factor expression in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy?, Miner Electrolyte Metab, 24, 400, 10.1159/000057401

Meyer, 1999, Podocyte number predicts long-term urinary albumin excretion in Pima Indians with type II diabetes and microalbuminuria, Diabetologia 4, 2, 1341, 10.1007/s001250051447

Phillips, 1999, Progression of diabetic nephropathy: insights from cell culture studies and animal models, Kidney Blood Press Res, 22, 81, 10.1159/000025912

Pavenstadt, 2000, Roles of the podocyte in glomerular function, Am J Physiol, 278, F173

Nakamura, 2001, Pioglitazone reduces urinary podocyte excretion in type 2 diabetes patients with microalbuminuria, Metabolism, 50, 1193, 10.1053/meta.2001.26703

Hoshi, 2002, Podocyte injury promotes progressive nephropathy in Zucker diabetic fatty rats, Lab Invest, 82, 25, 10.1038/labinvest.3780392

Mifsud, 2001, Podocyte foot process broadening in experimental diabetic nephropathy: amelioration with renin-angiotensin blockade, Diabetologia, 44, 878, 10.1007/s001250100561

Cohen, 1996, Evolution of renal functional abnormalities in the db/db mouse that parallels the development of human diabetic nephropathy, Exp Nephrol, 4, 166

Cohen, 1996, Prevention of the decline in renal function in the diabetic db/db mouse, Diabetologia, 39, 270, 10.1007/BF00418341

Sakaguchi, 2001, Restenosis: central role of RAGE-dependent neointimal expansion, Circulation (Suppl), 104, 2471

Mundel, 1997, Rearrangements of the cytoskeleton and cell contacts induce process formation during differentiation of conditionally immortalized mouse podocyte cell lines, Exp Cell Res, 236, 248, 10.1006/excr.1997.3739

Mundel, 1997, Induction of differentiation in cultured rat and human podocytes, J Am Soc Nephrol, 8, 699, 10.1681/ASN.V85697

Park, 1998, Suppression of accelerated diabetic atherosclerosis by soluble receptor for AGE (sRAGE), Nat Med, 4, 1025, 10.1038/2012

Lalla, 2000, Blockade of RAGE suppresses periodontitis-associated alveolar bone loss in diabetic mice, J Clin Invest, 105, 1117, 10.1172/JCI8942

Reddy, 1995, N ɛ-(carboxymethyl)lysine is a dominant advanced glycation end product (AGE) antigen in tissue proteins, Biochemistry, 34, 10872, 10.1021/bi00034a021

Schleicher, 1997, Increased accumulation of the glycoxidation product N(ɛ)-(carboxymethyl)lysine in human tissues in diabetes and aging, J Clin Invest, 99, 457, 10.1172/JCI119180

Kislinger, 1999, Nɛ (carboxymethyl)lysine modifications of proteins are ligands for RAGE that activate cell signalling pathways and modulate gene expression, J Biol Chem, 274, 31740, 10.1074/jbc.274.44.31740

Horie, 1997, Immunohistochemical colocalization of glycoxidation products and lipid peroxidation products in diabetic renal glomerular lesions: implication for glycoxidative stress in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy, J Clin Invest, 100, 2995, 10.1172/JCI119853

Schafer, 1996, The S100 family of EF-hand calcium-binding proteins: functions and pathology, Trends Biochem Sci, 21, 134, 10.1016/0968-0004(96)10020-7

Zimmer, 1995, The S100 protein family: history, function, and expression, Brain Res Bull, 37, 417, 10.1016/0361-9230(95)00040-2

Schmidt, 1995, Advanced glycation endproducts interacting with their endothelial receptor induce expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1): a potential mechanism for the accelerated vasculopathy of diabetes, J Clin Invest, 96, 1395, 10.1172/JCI118175

Yamagishi, 1997, Advanced glycation end products-driven angiogenesis in vitro: induction of the growth and tube formation of human microvascular endothelial cells through autocrine vascular endothelial growth factor, J Biol Chem, 272, 8723, 10.1074/jbc.272.13.8723

Stitt, 2000, Advanced glycation end products induce blood-retinal barrier dysfunction in normoglycemic rats, Mol Cell Biol Res Commun, 3, 380, 10.1006/mcbr.2000.0243

Tsuchida, 1999, Suppression of transforming growth factor β and vascular endothelial growth factor in diabetic nephropathy in rats by a novel advanced glycation endproduct inhibitor, OPB-9195, Diabetologia, 42, 579, 10.1007/s001250051198

Lu, 1998, Advanced glycation end products increase retinal vascular endothelial growth factor expression, J Clin Invest, 101, 1219, 10.1172/JCI1277

Rovin, 1991, Cell-mediated immunity in glomerular disease, Annu Rev Med, 42, 25, 10.1146/annurev.me.42.020191.000325

Nathan, 1987, Secretory products of macrophages, J Clin Invest, 79, 319, 10.1172/JCI112815

Iglesias-De La Cruz, 2002, Effects of high glucose and TGF-β1 on the expression of collagen IV and vascular endothelial growth factor in mouse podocytes, Kidney Int, 62, 901, 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2002.00528.x

Remuzzi, 1998, Pathophysiology of progressive nephropathies, N Engl J Med, 339, 1448, 10.1056/NEJM199811123392007

Abbate, 1998, In progressive nephropathies, overload of tubular cells with filtered proteins translates glomerular permeability dysfunction into cellular signals of interstitial inflammation, J Am Soc Nephrol, 9, 1213, 10.1681/ASN.V971213

Wang, 1997, Induction of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in proximal tubule cells by urinary protein, J Am Soc Nephrol, 8, 1537, 10.1681/ASN.V8101537

Zoja, 1998, Protein overload stimulates RANTES production by proximal tubular cells depending on NF-κ B activation, Kidney Int, 53, 1608, 10.1046/j.1523-1755.1998.00905.x

Oldfield, 2001, AGEs cause epithelial-myofibroblast transdifferentiation via the receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE), J Clin Invest, 108, 1853, 10.1172/JCI11951

Yamamoto, 2001, Development and prevention of advanced diabetic nephropathy in RAGE-overexpressing mice, J Clin Invest, 108, 261, 10.1172/JCI11771

The European Study for the Prevention of Renal Disease in Type 1 Diabetes (ESPRIT) Study Group, 2001, Effect of 3 years of antihypertensive therapy on renal structure in type 1 diabetic subjects with albuminuria, Diabetes, 50, 843, 10.2337/diabetes.50.4.843

Viberti, 1982, Microalbuminuria as a predictor of clinical nephropathy in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, Lancet, 1, 1430, 10.1016/S0140-6736(82)92450-3

Mogensen, 1984, Microalbuminuria predicts clinical proteinuria and early mortality in maturity-onset diabetes, N Engl J Med, 310, 356, 10.1056/NEJM198402093100605

Neale, 1993, Reactive oxygen species and neutrophil respiratory burst cytochrome b558 are produced by kidney glomerular cells in passive Heymann nephritis, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 90, 3645, 10.1073/pnas.90.8.3645

Lotan, 1984, Reduction of protein excretion by dimethyl sulfoxide in rats with passive Heymann nephritis, Kidney Int, 25, 778, 10.1038/ki.1984.90

Kaplan, 1986, Interactions of dimethyl sulfoxide and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents in passive Heymann's nephritis, J Lab Clin Med, 107, 425

Yan, 1994, Enhanced cellular oxidant stress by the interaction of advanced glycation endproducts with their receptors/binding proteins, J Biol Chem, 269, 9889, 10.1016/S0021-9258(17)36966-1

Lander, 1997, Activation of the receptor for advanced glycation endproducts triggers a MAP kinase pathway regulated by oxidant stress, J Biol Chem, 272, 17810, 10.1074/jbc.272.28.17810

Wautier, 2001, Activation of NADPH oxidase by AGE links oxidant stress to altered gene expression via RAGE, Am J Physiol, 280, E685