Photodynamic therapy in the treatment of microbial infections: Basic principles and perspective applications

Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - Tập 38 Số 5 - Trang 468-481 - 2006
Giulio Jori1, Clara Fabris1, Marina Soncin1, Stefania Ferro1, Olimpia Coppellotti1, Donata Dei2, Lia Fantetti2, Giacomo Chiti2, Gabrio Roncucci2
1Department of Biology, University of Padova, via Ugo Bassi 58b, 35121 Padova, Italy
2Molteni Farmaceutici, 50018 Scandicci, Firenze, Italy

Tóm tắt

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) appears to be endowed with several favorable features for the treatment of infections originated by microbial pathogens, including a broad spectrum of action, the efficient inactivation of antibiotic‐resistant strains, the low mutagenic potential, and the lack of selection of photoresistant microbial cells. Therefore, intensive studies are being pursued in order to define the scope and field of application of this approach.ResultsOptimal cytocidal activity against a large variety of bacterial, fungal, and protozoan pathogens has been found to be typical of photosensitizers that are positively charged at physiological pH values (e.g., for the presence of quaternarized amino groups or the association with polylysine moieties) and are characterized by a moderate hydrophobicity (n‐octanol/water partition coefficient around 10). These photosensitizers in a micromolar concentration can induce a >4–5 log decrease in the microbial population after incubation times as short as 5–10 minutes and irradiation under mild experimental conditions, such as fluence‐rates around 50 mW/cm2 and irradiation times shorter than 15 minutes.ConclusionsPDT appears to represent an efficacious alternative modality for the treatment of localized microbial infections through the in situ application of the photosensitizer followed by irradiation of the photosensitizer‐loaded infected area. Proposed clinical fields of interest of antimicrobial PDT include the treatment of chronic ulcers, infected burns, acne vulgaris, and a variety of oral infections. Lasers Surg. Med. 38:468–481, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Lasers in Surgery and Medicine

Tập 38 Số 5

468-481

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