Pathoclysis in aging human cerebral cortex: Evidence from in vivo MRI morphometry

citation_journal_title=Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews; citation_title=Excitatory amino acids and memory: Evidence from research on Alzheimer’s disease and behavioral pharmacology; citation_author=C Advokat, A I Pellegrin; citation_volume=16; citation_publication_date=1992; citation_pages=13-24; citation_doi=10.1016/S0149-7634(05)80046-6; citation_id=CR1 citation_journal_title=Society for Neuroscience Abstracts; citation_title=Entorhinal cortex is an early site of neurofibrillary tangle pathology in nondemented elderly; citation_author=P V Arriagada, B T Hyman; citation_volume=16; citation_publication_date=1990; citation_pages=1265; citation_id=CR2 citation_journal_title=Brain Research; citation_title=Interregional correlations of resting cerebral glucose metabolism in old and young women; citation_author=N P Azari, S I Rapoport, J A Salerno, C L Grady, A Gonzales-Aviles, M B Schapiro, B Horwitz; citation_volume=589; citation_publication_date=1992; citation_pages=279-290; citation_doi=10.1016/0006-8993(92)91288-P; citation_id=CR3 citation_title=The cholinergic hypothesis: A historical overview, current perspective, and future directions; citation_inbook_title=Memory dysfunctions: An integration of animal and human research from preclinical and clinical perspectives; citation_publication_date=1985; citation_pages=332-358; citation_id=CR4; citation_author=R T Bartus; citation_author=R L Dean; citation_author=M J Pontecorvo; citation_author=C Flicker; citation_publisher=New York Academy of Sciences citation_title=Aging in the vertebrate brain; citation_inbook_title=Development and aging in the nervous system; citation_publication_date=1973; citation_pages=121-134; citation_id=CR5; citation_author=H Brody; citation_publisher=Academic Press citation_journal_title=Neurology; citation_title=Quantitative cerebral anatomy of the aging human brain: A cross-sectional study using magnetic resonance imaging; citation_author=C E Coffey, W E Wilkinson, I A Parashos, S A R Soady, R J Sullivan, L J Patterson, G S Figiel, M C Webb, C E Spritzer, W T Djang; citation_volume=42; citation_publication_date=1992; citation_pages=527-536; citation_doi=10.1212/WNL.42.3.527; citation_id=CR6 citation_journal_title=Neurobiology of Aging; citation_title=Neuron numbers and dendritic extent in normal aging and Alzheimer’s disease; citation_author=P D Coleman, D G Flood; citation_volume=8; citation_publication_date=1987; citation_pages=521-545; citation_doi=10.1016/0197-4580(87)90127-8; citation_id=CR7 citation_title=Chemistry and anatomy of excitatory amino acid systems; citation_inbook_title=Psychopharmacology: The third generation of progress; citation_publication_date=1987; citation_pages=197-210; citation_id=CR8; citation_author=C W Cotman; citation_author=D T Monaghan; citation_publisher=Raven Press citation_title=Reflections on the selectivity of neuropathological changes in Alzheimer’s disease; citation_inbook_title=Modular deficits in Alzheimer-type Dementia; citation_publication_date=1990; citation_pages=83-100; citation_id=CR9; citation_author=A R Damasio; citation_author=G W Hoesen; citation_author=B T Hyman; citation_publisher=MIT Press citation_title=Lesion analysis in neuropsychology; citation_publication_date=1989; citation_id=CR10; citation_author=H Damasio; citation_author=A R Damasio; citation_publisher=Oxford University Press citation_title=Cranial and spinal MRI: An atlas and guide; citation_publication_date=1987; citation_id=CR11; citation_author=D L Daniels; citation_author=V M Naughton; citation_author=T P Naidich; citation_publisher=Raven Press citation_title=Structure of human brain: A photographic atlas; citation_publication_date=1976; citation_id=CR12; citation_author=S J DeArmond; citation_author=M M Fusco; citation_author=M M Dewex; citation_publisher=Oxford University Press citation_journal_title=Neurology; citation_title=Critical analysis of the use of computer-assisted transverse axial tomography to study human brain in aging and dementia of the Alzheimer type; citation_author=C DeCarli, J A Kaye, B Horwitz, S I Rapoport; citation_volume=40; citation_publication_date=1990; citation_pages=872-883; citation_doi=10.1212/WNL.40.6.872; citation_id=CR13 citation_journal_title=Journal of Gerontology; citation_title=Neuronal loss in the aging visual cortex of man; citation_author=K O Devaney, H A Johnson; citation_volume=35; citation_publication_date=1980; citation_pages=836-841; citation_doi=10.1093/geronj/35.6.836; citation_id=CR14 citation_journal_title=Radiology; citation_title=Imaging of the aging brain: Part I. Normal findings; citation_author=B P Drayer; citation_volume=166; citation_publication_date=1988; citation_pages=785-796; citation_id=CR15 citation_title=Monoamine innervation of cerebral cortex and a theory of the role of monoamines in cerebral cortex and basal ganglia; citation_inbook_title=Cerebral cortex: Vol 6. Further aspects of cortical functions, including hippocampus; citation_publication_date=1987; citation_pages=41-128; citation_id=CR16; citation_author=J H Fallon; citation_author=S E Loughlin; citation_publisher=Plenum citation_journal_title=Annals of Human Biology; citation_title=An investigation into the age of cessation of endocranial growth using the techniques of logetronic copying and photosubtraction; citation_author=J Finlay, A Richardson; citation_volume=17; citation_publication_date=1990; citation_pages=289-296; citation_doi=10.1080/03014469000001062; citation_id=CR17 citation_journal_title=Journal of Psychiatric Research; citation_title=Minimental state: A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician; citation_author=M F Folstein, S E Folstein, P R McHugh; citation_volume=12; citation_publication_date=1975; citation_pages=189-198; citation_doi=10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6; citation_id=CR18 citation_title=Computerized axial tomography in aging; citation_inbook_title=Clinical neurology of aging; citation_publication_date=1984; citation_pages=139-148; citation_id=CR19; citation_author=M Freedman; citation_author=J Knoefel; citation_author=M Naeser; citation_author=H Levine; citation_publisher=Oxford University Press citation_title=Circuitry of primate prefrontal cortex and regulation of behavior by representational memory; citation_inbook_title=Handbook of physiology: The nervous system; citation_publication_date=1987; citation_pages=373-417; citation_id=CR20; citation_author=P S Goldman-Rakic; citation_publisher=American Physiological Society citation_title=Are neurons of the human cerebral cortex really lost during aging? A morphometric examination; citation_inbook_title=Senile dementia of Alzheimer type; citation_publication_date=1985; citation_pages=150-163; citation_id=CR21; citation_author=H Haug; citation_publisher=Springer-Verlag citation_title=Data-based and knowledge-based memory for temporal order information in subjects with hypoxic brain injury; citation_publication_date=1993; citation_id=CR22; citation_author=R O Hopkins; citation_author=R P Kesner citation_journal_title=Biological Psychiatry; citation_title=Cerebral structure on MRI: Part 1. Localization of age-related changes; citation_author=T L Jernigan, S L Archibald, M T Berhow, E R Sowell, D S Foster, J R Hesselink; citation_volume=29; citation_publication_date=1991; citation_pages=55-67; citation_doi=10.1016/0006-3223(91)90210-D; citation_id=CR23 citation_journal_title=Archives of Neurology; citation_title=Methods for measuring brain morphologic features on magnetic resonance images: Validation and normal aging; citation_author=T L Jernigan, G A Press, J R Hesselink; citation_volume=45; citation_publication_date=1990; citation_pages=404-408; citation_id=CR24 citation_title=Normal aging of the nervous system; citation_inbook_title=The neurology of aging; citation_publication_date=1983; citation_pages=15-50; citation_id=CR25; citation_author=R Katzman; citation_author=R Terry; citation_publisher=F. A. Davis citation_title=Neuroanatomical and neuropathological changes in normal aging and in dementia; citation_inbook_title=Clinical neurology of aging; citation_publication_date=1984; citation_pages=9-52; citation_id=CR26; citation_author=T Kemper; citation_publisher=Oxford University Press citation_journal_title=Journal of Comparative Neurology; citation_title=Region-specific distribution of catecholamine afferents in primate cerebral cortex: A fluorescence histochemical analysis; citation_author=P Levitt, P Rakic, P S Goldman-Rakic; citation_volume=225; citation_publication_date=1984; citation_pages=1-14; citation_doi=10.1002/cne.902250102; citation_id=CR27 citation_journal_title=Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging; citation_title=In vivo quantification of the limbic system using MRI: Effects of normal aging; citation_author=K Lim, R B Zipurski, G M Murphy, A Pfefferbaum; citation_volume=35; citation_publication_date=1990; citation_pages=15-26; citation_doi=10.1016/0925-4927(90)90005-Q; citation_id=CR28 citation_journal_title=Journal of Gerontology: Biological Sciences; citation_title=Decreased gray matter in normal aging: An in vivo magnetic resonance study; citation_author=K Lim, R B Zipurski, M C Watts, A Pfefferbaum; citation_volume=47; citation_publication_date=1992; citation_pages=826-830; citation_id=CR29 citation_journal_title=Experimental Neurology; citation_title=Hippocampal pyramidal cells in the human: A quantitative study of neuronal loss in sectors CA1 through CA4; citation_author=R B Mani, J B Lohr, D V Jeste; citation_volume=94; citation_publication_date=1986; citation_pages=29-40; citation_doi=10.1016/0014-4886(86)90269-4; citation_id=CR30 citation_journal_title=Journal of Anatomy; citation_title=Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and model-free estimates of brain volume determined using the Cavalieri principle; citation_author=T M Mayhew, D R Olsen; citation_volume=178; citation_publication_date=1991; citation_pages=133-144; citation_id=CR31 citation_title=Neuronal degeneration and memory loss in Alzheimer’s disease and aging; citation_inbook_title=The principles of design and operation of the brain; citation_publication_date=1990; citation_pages=410-431; citation_id=CR32; citation_author=P L McGeer; citation_author=E G McGeer; citation_author=H Akiyama; citation_author=S Itagaki; citation_author=R Harrop; citation_author=R Peppard; citation_publisher=Springer-Verlag citation_journal_title=Brain Research; citation_title=Regional variations in cortical cholinergic innervation chemoarchitectonics of acetylcholinesterase containing fibers in the macaque brain; citation_author=M-M Mesulam, A D Rosen, E J Mufson; citation_volume=311; citation_publication_date=1984; citation_pages=254-258; citation_doi=10.1016/0006-8993(84)90087-8; citation_id=CR33 citation_journal_title=Neuropathology & Applied Neurobiology; citation_title=Variation with age in the volumes of gray and white matter in the cerebral hemispheres of man: Measurements with an image analyser; citation_author=A K H Miller, R L Alston, J A N Corsellis; citation_volume=6; citation_publication_date=1980; citation_pages=119-132; citation_doi=10.1111/j.1365-2990.1980.tb00283.x; citation_id=CR34 citation_title=The human brain in dissection; citation_publication_date=1980; citation_id=CR35; citation_author=D G Montemurro; citation_author=J E Bruni; citation_publisher=Oxford University Press citation_title=Age-related changes in synaptic neurochemistry; citation_inbook_title=Handbook of the biology of aging; citation_publication_date=1990; citation_pages=219-254; citation_id=CR36; citation_author=D G Morgan; citation_author=P C May; citation_publisher=Academic Press citation_title=Central nervous system: A synopsis and atlas; citation_publication_date=1988; citation_id=CR37; citation_author=R Nieuwenhuys; citation_author=J Voogd; citation_author=C Huijzen; citation_publisher=Springer-Verlag citation_title=Central nervous system findings in a tenth decade autopsy population; citation_inbook_title=Neurobiological aspects of maturation and aging; citation_publication_date=1973; citation_pages=473-483; citation_id=CR38; citation_author=N S Peres; citation_author=W C Kane; citation_author=S M Aronson; citation_publisher=Elsevier citation_journal_title=Anatomical Record; citation_title=Effects of aging on the neuroglial cells and pericytes within area 17 of the rhesus monkey cerebral cortex; citation_author=A Peters, K Josephson, S L Vincent; citation_volume=229; citation_publication_date=1991; citation_pages=384-398; citation_doi=10.1002/ar.1092290311; citation_id=CR39 citation_journal_title=Psychobiology; citation_title=Cerebral correlates of cognitive aging: Gray-white-matter differentiation in the medial temporal lobes, and fluid versus crystallized abilities; citation_author=N Raz, D Millman, G Sarpel; citation_volume=18; citation_publication_date=1990; citation_pages=475-481; citation_id=CR40 Raz, N., Torres, I. J., Spencer, W. D., Millman, D., Baertschi, J. C., & Sarpel, G. (in press). Neuroanatomical correlates of age-sensitive and age-invariant cognitive abilities: An in vivo MRI investigation. Intelligence. citation_title=The gerohistology of the aging human fore-brain: Some structuro-functional considerations; citation_inbook_title=Brain neurotransmitters and receptors in aging and age-related disorders; citation_publication_date=1981; citation_pages=31-41; citation_id=CR42; citation_author=A B Scheibel; citation_publisher=Raven Press citation_journal_title=Annals of Neurology; citation_title=Computerized tomographic analysis of brain morphometrics in 30 healthy men, aged 21 to 81 years; citation_author=M Schwartz, H Creasey, C M Grady, J A DeLeo, H A Frederickson, N R Cutler, S I Rapoport; citation_volume=17; citation_publication_date=1985; citation_pages=146-153; citation_doi=10.1002/ana.410170208; citation_id=CR43 citation_journal_title=Psychological Bulletin; citation_title=Intraclass correlations: Uses in assessing raters reliability; citation_author=P E Shrout, J L Fleiss; citation_volume=86; citation_publication_date=1979; citation_pages=420-428; citation_doi=10.1037/0033-2909.86.2.420; citation_id=CR44 citation_journal_title=Acta Neurologica Scandinavica; citation_title=Variations in the size of the human brain: Influence of age, sex, body length, body mass index, alcoholism, Alzheimer changes, and cerebral atherosclerosis; citation_author=K Skullerud; citation_volume=71; citation_publication_date=1985; citation_pages=1-94; citation_id=CR45 citation_journal_title=Journal of Neuroscience; citation_title=Magnetic resonance imaging of the hippocampal formation and mamillary nuclei distinguishes medial temporal lobe and diencephalic amnesia; citation_author=L R Squire, D G Amaral, G Press; citation_volume=10; citation_publication_date=1990; citation_pages=3106-3117; citation_id=CR46 citation_journal_title=Annals of Neurology; citation_title=Neocortical cell counts in normal human adult aging; citation_author=R D Terry, R DeTeresa, L A Hansen; citation_volume=21; citation_publication_date=1987; citation_pages=530-539; citation_doi=10.1002/ana.410210603; citation_id=CR47 citation_journal_title=Neurobiology of Aging; citation_title=Neuronal population of area 4 during the life span of the rhesus monkey; citation_author=J Tigges, J G Herndon, A Peters; citation_volume=11; citation_publication_date=1990; citation_pages=201-208; citation_doi=10.1016/0197-4580(90)90546-C; citation_id=CR48 citation_journal_title=natomical Record; citation_title=Effects of aging on he neurons within the area 17 of the rhesus monkey cerebral cortex; citation_author=S L Vincent, A Peters, J Tigges; citation_volume=223; citation_publication_date=1989; citation_pages=329-341; citation_doi=10.1002/ar.1092230312; citation_id=CR49 citation_journal_title=Neurology; citation_title=Importance of neuroanatomy in the field of neuropathology; citation_author=C Vogt, O Vogt; citation_volume=1; citation_publication_date=1951; citation_pages=205-218; citation_doi=10.1212/WNL.1.5.205; citation_id=CR50 citation_journal_title=Radiology; citation_title=The brain in healthy aged individuals: MR imaging; citation_author=L-O Wahlund, I Agartz, O Almqvist, H Basun, L Forssell, J Saaf, L Wetterberg; citation_volume=174; citation_publication_date=1990; citation_pages=675-679; citation_id=CR51 citation_journal_title=Annual Review of Gerontology & Geriatrics; citation_title=Geriatric epidemiology; citation_author=L R White, W S Cartwright, J Cornoni-Huntley, D B Brock; citation_volume=6; citation_publication_date=1986; citation_pages=215-311; citation_id=CR52