Parameters affecting diacylglycerol formation during the production of specific-structured lipids by lipase-catalyzed interesterification

Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society - Tập 76 - Trang 175-181 - 1999
X. Xu1, H. Mu2, A. R. H. Skands1, C. E. Høy2, J. Adler-Nissen1
1Department of Biotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
2Department of Biotechnology Biochemistry & Nutrition, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark

Tóm tắt

Diacylglycerols (DAG) are important intermediates in lipase-catalyzed interesterification, but a high DAG concentration in the reaction mixture results in a high DAG content in the final product. We have previously shown that a high DAG concentration in the reaction mixture increases the degree of acyl migration, thus adding to the formation of by-products. In the present study we examined the influence of water content, reaction temperature, enzyme load, substrate molar ratio (oil/capric acid), and reaction time on the formation of DAG in batch reactors. We used response surface methodology (RSM) to minimize the numbers of experiments. The DAG content of the product was dependent on all parameters examined except reaction time. DAG formation increased with increasing water content, enzyme load, reaction temperature, and substrate ratio. The content of sn-1,3-DAG was higher than that of sn-1,2-DAG under all conditions tested, and the ratio between the contents of the former compounds and the latter increased with increasing temperature and reaction time. The water content, enzyme load, and substrate ratio had no significant effect on this ratio. The DAG content was positively correlated with both the incorporation of acyl donors and the degree of acyl migration.

Tài liệu tham khảo

Eigtved, P., Enzymes and Lipid Modification, in Advances in Applied Lipid Research, edited by F.B. Padley, JAI Press Ltd., London, 1992, Vol. 1, pp. 1–64.

Akoh, C.C., Enzymatic Modification of Lipids, in Food Lipids and Health, edited by R.E. McDonald and D.B. Min, Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, 1996, pp. 117–138.

Ramamurthi, S., and A.R. McCurdy, Interesterification—Current Status and Future Prospects, in Development and Processing of Vegetable Oils for Human Nutrition, edited by R. Przybylski and B.E. McDonald, AOCS Press, Champaign, 1996, pp. 62–86.

Macrae, A.R., and R.C. Hammond, Present and Future Applications of Lipases, Biotech. Genetic Eng. Rev. 3:193–217 (1985).

Hashimoto, Y., Production of Cocoa Butter-Like Fats by Enzymatic Transesterification, in Industrial Application of Immobilized Biocatalysts, edited by A. Tanaka, T. Tosa, and T. Kobayashi, Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, 1993, pp. 337–352.

Owusu-Ansah, Y.J., Enzymes in Lipid Technology and Cocoa Butter Substitutes, in Technological Advances in Improved and Alternative Sources of Lipids, edited by B.S. Kamel, and Y. Kakuda, Blackie Academic & Professional, London, 1994, pp. 360–389.

Quinlan, P., and S. Moore, Modification of Triglycerides by Lipases: Process Technology and Its Application to the Production of Nutritionally Improved Fats, INFORM 4:580–585 (1993).

Christensen, M.S., C.-E. Høy, C.C. Becker, and T.G. Redgrave, Intestinal Absorption and Lymphatic Transport of Eicosapentaenoic (EPA), Docosahexaenoic (DHA), and Decanoic Acids: Dependence on Intramolecular Triacylglycerol Structure, Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 61:56–61 (1995).

Jensen, M.M., M.S. Christensen, and C.-E. Høy, Intestinal Absorption of Octanoic, Decanoic and Linoleic Acids: Effects of Triacylglycerol Structure, Ann. Nutr. Metab. 38:104–116 (1995).

Xu, X., C.-E. Høy, S. Balchen, and J. Adler-Nissen, Specific-Structured Lipids: Nutritional Perspectives and Production Potentials, in Proceedings of International Symposium on the Approaches to Functional Cereals and Oils, CCOA, Beijing, 1997, pp. 806–813.

Xu, X., S. Balchen, C-E. Høy, and J. Adler-Nissen, Pilot Batch Production of Specific-Structured Lipids by Lipase-Catalyzed Interesterification: Preliminary Study on Incorporation and Acyl Migration, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 75:301–308 (1998).

Mu, H., X. Xu, and C.-E. Høy, Production of Specific Structured Triacylglycerols by Lipase-Catalyzed Interesterification in a Laboratory Scale Continuous Reactor, Ibid.:1187–1193 (1998).

Xu, X., A. Skands, C.-E. Høy, H. Mu, S. Balchen, and J. Adler-Nissen, Production of Specific-Structured Lipids by Enzymatic Interesterification: Elucidation of Acyl Migration by Response Surface Design, Ibid.:1179–1186 (1998).

Macrae, A.R., Interesterification of Fats and Oils, in Biocatalysts in Organic Syntheses, edited by J. Tramper, H.C. van der Plas, and P. Linko, Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., Amsterdam, 1985, pp. 195–208.

Macrae, A.R., Microbial Lipases as Catalysts for the Interesterification of Fats and Oils, in Biotechnology for the Oils and Fats Industry, edited by C. Ratledge, P. Dawson, and J. Rattray, American Oil Chemists’ Society, Champaign, 1984, pp. 189–198.

Macrae, A.R., Tailored Triacylglycerols and Esters, Biochem. Soc. Trans. 17:1146–1148 (1989).

Shimada, Y., A. Sugihara, K. Maruyama, T. Nagao, S. Nakayama, H. Nakano, and Y. Tominaga, Production of Structured Lipids Containing Docosahexaenoic and Caprylic Acids Using Immobilized Rhizopus delemar Lipase, J. Ferment. Bioeng. 81:299–303 (1996).

Luck, T., and W. Bauer, Lipase-Catalyzed Interesterification of Triglycerides in a Solvent-Free Process: Analytics and Kinetics of the Interesterification, Fat Sci. Technol. 93:41–49 (1991).

Bloomer, S., P. Adlercreutz, and B. Mattiasson, Triacylglycerol Interesterification by Lipases. 2. Reaction Parameters for the Reduction of Trisaturated Impurities and Diacylglycerols in Batch Reactions, Biocatalysis 5:145–162 (1991).

Petersen, R.G., Design and Analysis of Experiments, Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, 1985, pp. 252–301.

Heisler, A., C. Rabiller, and L. Hubin, Lipase Catalyzed Isomerization of 1,2-(2,3)-Diacylglycerol into 1,3-Diacylglycerol: The Crucial Role of Water, Biotechnol. Lett. 13:327–332 (1991).

Sjursnes, B.J., and T. Anthonsen, Acyl Migration in 1,2-Dibutyrin: Dependence on Solvent and Water Activity, Biocatalysis 9:285–297 (1994).

Goh, S.H., S.K. Yeong, and C.W. Wang, Transesterification of Cocoa Butter by Fungal Lipases: Effect of Solvent on 1,3-Specificity, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 70:567–570 (1993).

Xu, X., A. Skands, J. Adler-Nissen, and C.-E. Høy, Production of Specific Structured Triacylglycerols by Lipase-Catalyzed Interesterification: Optimization of Reaction by Response Surface Methodology, Fett/Lipid 100:463–471 (1998).

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society

Tập 76

175-181

Thông tin tác giả