Noncitizen Employment and the Wages of Healthcare Support Workers in the US

Journal of Labor Research - Tập 39 - Trang 433-461 - 2018
Nicholas Hill1, Richard McGregory2, James Peoples3
1Department of Business Administration, Jackson State University, Jackson, USA
2Accountability Department, Robbinsdale Area Schools, New Hope, USA
3Economics Department, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, USA

Tóm tắt

This study examines the relative wages of citizens and noncitizens employed as healthcare support workers as well as examines the effect of noncitizen support worker employment on the wages of citizen support workers. Relative wage findings reveal noncitizen support workers with less than eight years of US residency receive a noncitizen-citizen wage discount statistically significantly greater than the legal maximum of 5% below the local prevailing wage. These low relative wage levels could contribute to lower wages for citizen support workers, however elasticity of substitution findings suggest noncitizen support workers are not close substitutes for healthcare support workers who are US citizens. In addition, wage effect findings do not reveal a negative influence of noncitizen employment on the wages of native born US citizen support workers, while these findings reveal a relatively small wage decline for naturalized support workers. These findings are consistent with the citizen status job heterogeneity hypothesis. Nonetheless, finding noncitizen-citizen wage differences does not allow for ruling out the possibility of weak enforcement of prevailing wage legislation and possible employment of undocumented workers.

Tài liệu tham khảo

Ai C, Norton EC (2000) Standard errors for the retransformation problem with heteroscedasticity. J Health Econ 19(5):697–718

Altonji JG, Card D (1991) The effects of immigration on the labor market outcomes of less-skilled natives. In Immigration, trade, and the labor market:201–234

Bartel AP (1989) Where Do The New US Immigrants Live? J Labor Econ 7(4):371–391

Baser O (2007) Modeling Transformed Health Care Cost with Unknown Heteroskedasticity. Appl Econ Res 1:1–6

Borjas GJ (2001) Does immigration grease the wheels of the labor market? Brook Pap Econ Act 2001(1):69–133

Borjas GJ (2017) The earnings of undocumented immigrants. NBER Working Paper No. 23236

Borjas GJ, Katz LF (2007) The Evolution of the Mexican-Born Workforce in the United States. In: Borjas G (ed) Mexican Immigration to the United States. University of Chicago Press, p 13–56

Butcher KF, Card D (1991) Immigration and wages: evidence from the 1980's. Am Econ Rev 81(2):292–296

Carnevale AP, Smith N, Gulish A, Beach BH (2012) Healthcare State Report. Georgetown University Center on Education in the Workplace

Chiswick BR, Miller PW (2010) Occupational language requirements and the value of English in the US labor market. J Popul Econ 23(1):353–372

Cornell Institute for Public Affairs (2011). Temporary Visa Report. Report, Cornell

Dustmann C, Frattini T, Preston IP (2013) The effect of immigration along the distribution of wages. Rev Econ Stud 80(1):145–173

GAO (2000) H-1B Foreign Workers: Better Controls Needed to Help Employers and Protect Workers. GAO/HEHS-00-157. Washington, D.C

Glenn EN (2010). Forced to care: Coercion and caregiving in America. Harvard: Harvard University Press

Hernandez-Medina E, Eaton S, Hurd D, White A (2006) Training programs for certified nursing assistants. AARP Public Policy Institutes, Washington DC

Hess C, Henrici J (2013) Increasing pathways to legal status for immigrant in-home care workers. Institute for Women's Policy Research, Washington DC

Hirsch BT, Schumacher EJ (2004) Match bias in wage gap estimates due to earnings imputation. J Labor Econ 22(3):689–722

Kandilov A (2007) The Value of a Green Card: Immigrant Wage Increases Following Adjustments to US Permanent Residence, University of Michigan working paper, http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.187.3995&repl&type=pdf

Kaushal N, Kaestner RJ (2015) Are foreign-trained nurses perfect substitutes for US-trained nurses? ILR Review 68(5):1102–1125

LaLonde RJ, Topel RH (1991) Immigrants in the American labor market: quality, assimilation, and distributional effects. Am Econ Rev 81(2):297–302

Maas ML, Buckwalter K (2006) Providing quality care in assisted living facilities: recommendations for enhanced staffing and staff training. J Gerontol Nurs 32(11):14–22

Manning W, Mullahy J (2001) Estimating log models: to transform or not to transform. J Health Econ 20(4):461–494

McGregory R, Peoples J (2013) Compensation of foreign and domestic nurses in the US. J Lab Res 34(2):203–223

Mukhopadhyay S, Oxborrow D (2012) The value of an employment-based green card. Demography 49(1):219–237

Murthy, S. (2008). Foreign born nurses: an analysis of effects on the US Nursing Labor Market. Working Paper, University of South Carolina, Economics

Ottaviano G, Peri G (2012) Rethinking the effect of immigration on wages. J Eur Econ Assoc 10(1):152–197

PHI and Institute for the Future of Aging Services (2005) The role of training in improving the recruitment and retention of direct-care workers in long-term care. Workforce Strategies No. 3. Bronx, NY: PHI and IFAS

Pompeii L, Dement J, Schoenfisch A, Souder M, Smith C, Lipscomb H (2013) Perpetrator, worker and workplace characteristics associated with patient and visitor perpetrated violence (TypeII) on hospital workers: a review of the literature and existing occupational injury data. J Saf Res 44:57–64

Schoeni RF (1997) New evidence on the economic progress of foreign-born men in the 1970s and 1980s. J Hum Resour:683–740

Schumacher EJ (2011) Foreign-born nurses in the US labor market. Health Econ 20(3):362–378

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Journal of Labor Research

Tập 39

433-461

Thông tin tác giả