Những hiểu biết mới về giả thuyết đường cong Kuznets môi trường trong các nền kinh tế đang phát triển và chuyển tiếp: một khảo sát tài liệu

Environmental Economics and Policy Studies - Tập 22 - Trang 585-631 - 2020
Alexandra-Anca Purcel1,2
1Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
2Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, IRD, CERDI, Clermont-Ferrand, France

Tóm tắt

Chúng tôi thực hiện một khảo sát tài liệu được cập nhật về mối liên hệ ô nhiễm - tăng trưởng thông qua giả thuyết đường cong Kuznets môi trường (EKC), từ cả góc độ lý thuyết và thực nghiệm. Đầu tiên, chúng tôi tiến hành đánh giá tài liệu về lý do nổi bật nhất phía sau sự phổ biến của EKC và thảo luận về các thành phần chính của thiết kế nghiên cứu khi ước lượng EKC. Thứ hai, chúng tôi tập hợp các bài báo thực nghiệm có ảnh hưởng nhất được công bố trong thập kỷ qua, tập trung vào việc ước lượng EKC ở các nền kinh tế đang phát triển và chuyển tiếp. Tổng thể, việc khắc phục một số thiếu sót được gợi ý bởi các đóng góp lý thuyết, các nghiên cứu thực nghiệm gần đây có thể chỉ ra một sự đồng thuận nhất định về mối liên hệ ô nhiễm - tăng trưởng và tính hợp lệ của EKC. Một mặt, tăng cường bản chất của EKC, một số nghiên cứu tiết lộ mối quan hệ lâu dài giữa các chỉ số. Mặt khác, theo các dấu hiệu hệ số thu nhập, mẫu hình chuông truyền thống dường như đang hoạt động đối với một số nền kinh tế đang phát triển và chuyển tiếp. Tuy nhiên, trong một số trường hợp, điểm quay ước lượng nằm ngoài phạm vi mẫu thu nhập, đặt ra câu hỏi không chỉ về mẫu hình thực sự giữa ô nhiễm và tăng trưởng mà còn về việc xác định EKC. Xét tổng thể, cả nền tảng lý thuyết và bằng chứng thực nghiệm có thể góp phần vào việc hiểu rõ hơn về mối liên hệ ô nhiễm - tăng trưởng trong bối cảnh EKC, và gợi ý một số thông tin hữu ích cho các công trình nghiên cứu tương lai về chủ đề này cũng như các tác động chính sách quan trọng ở nhóm quốc gia này.

Từ khóa

#ô nhiễm #tăng trưởng #đường cong Kuznets môi trường #nền kinh tế đang phát triển #nền kinh tế chuyển tiếp

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