Mortality of bats at wind turbines links to nocturnal insect migration?
Tóm tắt
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Ahlén I (2002) Fladdermöss och fåglar dödade av vindkraftverk. Fauna Flora, Stockholm 97:14–22
Ahlén I, Bach L, Baagøe HJ, Pettersson J (2007) Bats and offshore wind turbines studied in southern Scandinavia. Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, Stockholm, Report 5571. http://www.naturvardsverket.se/bokhandeln
Ahlén I, Baagøe HJ, Bach L (2009) Behavior of Scandinavian bats during migration and foraging at sea. J Mammal 90:1318–1323
Alerstam T (1990) Bird migration. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Arnett EB, Brown WK, Erickson WP, Fiedler JK, Hamilton BL, Henry TH, Jain A, Johnson GD, Kerns J, Koford RR, Nicholson CP, O’Connell TJ, Piorkowski MD, Tankersley RD (2008) Patterns of bat fatalities at wind energy facilities in North America. J Wildl Manage 72:61–78
Baagøe HJ (1987) The Scandinavian bat fauna: adaptive wing morphology and free flight in the field. In: Fenton MB, Racey PA, Rayner JMV (eds) Recent advances in the study of bats. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 57–74
Baagøe HJ (2001) Danish bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera): atlas and analysis of distribution, occurrence, and abundance. Steenstrupia 26:1–117
Bach L, Bach P (2010) Monitoring der Fledermausaktivität im Windpark Cappel-Neufeld, Endbericht 2009. Report to WWK, Warendorf
Baerwald EF, Barclay RMR (2009) Geographic variation in activity and fatality of migratory bats at wind energy facilities. J Mammal 90:1341–1349
Baerwald EF, D’Amours GH, Klug BJ, Barclay RMR (2008) Barotrauma is a significant cause of bat fatalities at wind turbines. Curr Biol 18:R695–R696
Barbour RW, Davis WH (1969) Bats of America. University Kentucky Press, Lexington
Barclay RMR, Harder LD (2003) Life histories of bats: life in the slow lane. In: Kunz TH, Fenton MB (eds) Bat ecology. University Chicago Press, Chicago, pp 246–253
Barclay RMR, Baerwald EF, Gruver JC (2007) Variation in bird and bat fatalities at wind energy facilities: assessing the effects of rotor size and tower height. Can J Zool 85:381–387
Behr O, Helversen Ov (2006) Gutachten zur Beeinträchtigung im freien Luftraum jagender und ziehender Fledermäuse durch bestehende Windkraftanlagen. Wirkungskontrolle zum Windpark ‘Rosskopf’ (Freiburg i Br.) im Jahr 2005. Report to Regiowind GmbH & Co, Freiburg
Brinkmann R, Schauer-Weisshahn H, Bontadina F (2006) Untersuchungen zu möglichen betriebsbedingten Auswirkungen von Windkraftanlagen auf Fledermäuse im Regierungsbezirk Freiburg. Report to Regierungspräsidium Freiburg, Referat 56 Naturschutz und Landschaftspflege. http://www.rp-freiburg.de/servlet/PB/show/1158478/rpf-windkraft-fledermaeuse.pdf
Chapman JW, Reynolds DR, Mouritsen H, Hill JK, Riley JR, Sivell D, Smith AD, Woiwod IP (2008) Wind selection and drift compensation optimize migratory pathways in a high-flying moth. Curr Biol 18:514–518
Cryan PM (2008) Mating behaviour as a possible cause of bat fatalities at wind turbines. J Wildl Manage 72:845–849
Cryan PM, Barclay RMR (2009) Causes of bat fatalities at wind turbines: hypotheses and predictions. J Mammal 90:1330–1340
Dulac P (2008) Evaluation de l’impact du parc éolien de Bouin (Vendeé) sur l’avifaune et les chauves-souris. Bilan de 5 années de suivi. Ligue pour la Protection des Oiseaux délégation Vendeé/ADEME Pays de la Loire, Nantes. http://www.wind-watch.org/documents/wp-content/uploads/bouin-vendee-avifaune-chauvessouris.pdf
Dürr T (2009) Fledermausverluste an Windenergieanlagen. Daten aus der zentralen Fundkartei der Staatlichen Vogelschutzwarte im Landesumweltamt Brandenburg. http://[email protected]
Endl P, Engelhart U, Seiche K, Teufert S, Trapp H (2004) Verhalten von Fledermäuse und Vögel an ausgewählten Windkraftanlagen. Landkreis Bautzen, Kamenz, Löbau-Zittau, Niederschlesischer Oberlausitzkreis, Stadt Görlitz, Freistadt Sachsen. Report to Staatlisches Umweltfachamt Bautzen
EWEA (2008) Pure power@ Wind energy scenarios up to 2030. European Wind Energy Association, Brussels
Horn JW, Arnett EB, Kunz TH (2008) Behavioral responses of bats to operating wind turbines. J Wildl Manage 72:123–132
Johnson CG (1969) Migration and dispersal of insects by flight. Methuen, London
Kerns J, Erickson WP, Arnett EB (2005) Bat and bird fatality at wind energy facilities in Pennsylvania and West Virginia. In: Arnett EB (ed) Relationships between bats and wind turbines in Pennsylvania and West Virginia: an assessment of bat fatality search protocols, patterns of fatality, and behavioral interactions with wind turbines. A final report to the Bats and Wind Energy Cooperative. Bat Conservation Int, Austin, pp 24–95. http://www.batcon.org/windliterature
Kronwitter F (1988) Population structure, habitat use and activity patterns of the noctule bat, Nyctalus noctula Schreb., 1774 (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) revealed by radio tracking. Myotis 26:23–85
Kunz TH, Arnett EB, Erickson WP, Hoar AR, Johnson GD, Larkin RP, Strickland MD, Thresher RW, Tuttle MD (2007) Ecological impacts of wind energy development on bats; questions, research needs, and hypotheses. Front Ecol Environ 5:315–324
Leuzinger Y, Lugon A, Bontadina F (2008) Eoliennes en Suisse. Mortalité de chauves-souris. Report to l’OFEV et l’OFEN. http://www.bafu.admin.ch/landschaft/00522/01659/index.html?lang=fr
McCracken GF, Gillam EH, Westbrook JK, Lee Y, Jensen ML, Balsley BB (2008) Brazilian free-tailed bats (T. brasiliensis: Molossidae, Chiroptera) at high altitude: links to migratory insect populations. Integr Comp Biol 48:107–118
Nowak RM (1994) Walker’s bats of the world. John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore
Piorkowski M (2006) Breeding bird habitat use and turbine collisions of birds and bats located at a wind farm in Oklahoma mixed-grass prairie. MSc thesis, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK
Reynolds DR, Smith AD, Chapman JW (2008) A radar study of emigratory flight and layer formation at dawn over southern Britain. Bull Entomol Res 98:35–52
Rydell J, Bach L, Dubourg-Savage MJ, Green M, Rodrigues L, Hedenström A (2010) Bat mortality at wind turbines in northwest Europe. Acta Chiropterol 12, in press
Seiche K (2008) Fledermäuse und Windenergieanlagen in Sachsen 2006. Report to Freistaat Sachsen. Landesamt für Umwelt und Geologie. http://www.smul.sachsen.de/lfug
Shields O (1967) Hilltopping: an ecological study of summit congregation behavior of butterflies on a southern California hill. J Res Lepid 6:69–178
Taylor LR (1974) Insect migration, flight periodicity and the boundary layer. J Anim Ecol 43:225–238
Traxler A, Wegleitner S, Jaklitsch H (2004) Vogelschlag, Meideverhalten & Habitatnutzung an bestehenden Windkraftanlagen Prellenkirchen–Obersdorf–Steinberg/Prinzendorf. Report for WWS Ökoenergie, WEB Windenergie, evn Naturkraft, IG Windkraft und dem Amt der Niederösterreischen Landesregierung. http://www.igwindkraft.at/redsystem/mmedia/2005.04.15/1113566866.pdf
Waters DA, Rydell J, Jones G (1995) Echolocation call design and limits on prey size: a case study using the aerial-hawking bat Nyctalus leisleri. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 37:321–328
Westbrook JK (2008) Noctuid migration in Texas within the nocturnal aeroecological boundary layer. Integr Comp Biol 48:99–106
Wood CR, Clark SJ, Barlow JF, Chapman JW (2010) Insect migration at high-altitudes: a systematic study of the meteorological conditions correlated with nocturnal layers in the UK. Agric For Entomol 12:113–121