Ô nhiễm Thủy ngân ở một loài cá tổng hợp được giới thiệu với mức độ dinh dưỡng trung gian

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 85 - Trang 13-24 - 2023
D. P. Gedig1,2, M. Hauger1, D. A. Armstrong2, K. M. Jeffries1
1Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
2Department of Environment and Geography, Centre for Earth Observation Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada

Tóm tắt

Ô nhiễm thủy ngân là một vấn đề toàn cầu vì nồng độ thủy ngân trong hệ thống thủy sinh bị ảnh hưởng bởi cả các con đường tự nhiên và nhân tạo. Tại đây, nồng độ thủy ngân tổng cộng (THg) trong gan và cơ của cá đen crappie (Pomoxis nigromaculatus) từ ba hồ boreal ở Đông Nam Manitoba, Canada, đã được liên kết với tuổi tác, hình thái và các đặc điểm sinh lý nhằm hiểu rõ hơn về động lực tích lũy thủy ngân trong một loài cá tổng hợp được giới thiệu. Những nồng độ THg này sau đó được so sánh với nồng độ thủy ngân ở cá đen crappie trong các nguồn nước khác của Canada và với nồng độ thủy ngân ở các loài cá nước ngọt khác ở Đông Nam Manitoba. Tuổi tác và kích thước có mối tương quan dương mạnh mẽ (P < 0.001, r ≥ 0.60) với nồng độ thủy ngân trong cơ. Không có bằng chứng nào về ô nhiễm nguồn điểm cấp tính hay suy giảm sinh lý ở cá đen crappie trong khu vực nghiên cứu. Phân tích THg trong gan cho thấy những tác động có thể của sự khác biệt theo mùa và sinh học trong chế độ ăn đến sự tiếp xúc. Hơn nữa, phân tích THg của mô gan và cơ cho thấy cách thức tìm kiếm thức ăn tổng hợp có thể hạn chế sự tiếp xúc thủy ngân ngày càng tăng và các hậu quả sinh lý kết quả dự kiến từ sự thay đổi chế độ ăn theo sinh học ở cá đen crappie. Mặc dù có vẻ như có các mức độ tiếp xúc thủy ngân (tức là, THg trong gan) thay đổi theo thời gian theo giới tính, nhưng không có hiệu ứng giới tính nào được quan sát trong việc tích lũy thủy ngân lâu dài trong cơ. Cá đen crappie tích lũy ít thủy ngân hơn ở tuổi hơn các loài ăn thịt chính trong khu vực. Những kết quả này sẽ giúp tăng cường hiểu biết về sự sinh học tích lũy thủy ngân trong một khu vực chịu ảnh hưởng bởi thủy ngân di sản.

Từ khóa

#ô nhiễm thủy ngân #cá đen crappie #thủy ngân tổng cộng #sinh học tích lũy #ảnh hưởng giới tính #động lực tích lũy

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