Management of osteoporosis

1994

Ross, 1991, Pre-existing fractures and bone mass predict vertebral fracture incidence in women, Ann Intern Med, 114, 919, 10.7326/0003-4819-114-11-919

Yates, 1995, Radiographic absorptiometry in the diagnosis of osteoporosis, Am J Med, 98, 41S, 10.1016/S0002-9343(05)80045-2

Ross, 1990, A critical review of bone mass and the risk of fracture in osteoporosis, Calcif Tissue Int, 46, 149, 10.1007/BF02555036

Melton, 1993, Long-term fracture prediction by bone mineral assessed at different skeletal sites, J Bone Miner Res, 8, 1227, 10.1002/jbmr.5650081010

Cummings, 1993, Bone density at various sites for prediction of hip fractures, Lancet, 341, 72, 10.1016/0140-6736(93)92555-8

Wasnich, 1989, Osteoporosis. Critique and practicum, 133

Wasnich, 1989, Osteoporosis. Critique and practicum, 154

Kanis, 1997, Diagnosis of osteoporosis, Osteoporos Int, 7, 1085

Black, 1992, Appendicular bone mineral density and a woman's lifetime risk of hip fracture, J Bone Miner Res, 7, 639, 10.1002/jbmr.5650070608

Huang, 1998, Short-term and long-term fracture prediction by bone mass measurements: a prospective study, J Bone Miner Res, 13, 107, 10.1359/jbmr.1998.13.1.107

Cummings, 1989, Lifetime risks of hip, Colles', or vertebral fracture and coronary heart disease among white postmenopausal women, Arch Intern Med, 149, 2445, 10.1001/archinte.1989.00390110045010

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Rubin, 1992, Results of bone densitometry affect women's decisions about taking measures to prevent fractures, Ann Intern Med, 116, 990, 10.7326/0003-4819-116-12-990

Melton, 1992, Prospective: how many women have osteoporosis?, J Bone Miner Res, 7, 1005, 10.1002/jbmr.5650070902

Pouilles, 1993, Spine and femur densitometry at the menopause: are both sites necessary in the assessment of the risk of osteoporosis?, Calcif Tissue Int, 52, 344, 10.1007/BF00310196

Arlot, 1997, Apparent pre- and postmenopausal bone loss evaluated by DXA at different skeletal sites in women: the OLEFY cohort, J Bone Miner Res, 12, 683, 10.1359/jbmr.1997.12.4.683

Greenspan, 1996, Classification of osteoporosis in the elderly is dependent on site-specific analysis, Calcif Tissue Int, 58, 409, 10.1007/BF02509439

Christiansen, 1995, Osteoporosis: diagnosis and management today and tomorrow, Bone, 17, 5135, 10.1016/8756-3282(95)00345-0

Genant, 1996, Noninvasive assessment of bone mineral and structure: state of the art, J Bone Miner Res, 11, 707, 10.1002/jbmr.5650110602

Riis, 1996, Low bone mass and fast rate of bone loss at menopause: equal risk factors for future fracture: a 15-year follow-up study, Bone, 19, 9, 10.1016/8756-3282(96)00102-0

Melton, 1997, Relationship of bone turnover to bone density and fractures, J Bone Miner Res, 12, 1083, 10.1359/jbmr.1997.12.7.1083

Nguyen, 1997, Sources of variability in bone mineral density measurements: implications for study design and analysis of bone loss, J Bone Miner Res, 12, 124, 10.1359/jbmr.1997.12.1.124

Faulkner, 1995, Quality control of DXA instruments in multicenter trials, Osteoporos Int, 5, 218, 10.1007/BF01774010

Miller, 1996, Clinical utility of bone mass measurements in adults: consensus of an international panel, Semin Arthritis Rheum, 25, 361, 10.1016/S0049-0172(96)80001-1

Reginster, 1997, Prediction of bone loss rate in healthy postmenopausal women, Calcif Tissue Int, 60, 261, 10.1007/s002239900226

Garnero, 1996, Increased bone turnover in late postmenopausal women is a major determinant of osteoporosis, J Bone Miner Res, 11, 337, 10.1002/jbmr.5650110307

Dresner-Pollak, 1996, Biochemical markers of bone turnover reflect femoral bone loss in elderly women, Calcif Tissue Int, 59, 328, 10.1007/s002239900135

Ross, 1998, Rapid bone loss is associated with increased levels of biochemical markers, J Bone Miner Res, 13, 297, 10.1359/jbmr.1998.13.2.297

Bonjour, 1994, Peak bone mass, Osteoporos Int, 4, 7S, 10.1007/BF01623429

Teegarden, 1995, Peak bone mass in young women, J Bone Miner Res, 10, 711, 10.1002/jbmr.5650100507

Johnston, 1992, Calcium supplementation and increases in bone mineral density in children, N Engl J Med, 327, 82, 10.1056/NEJM199207093270204

NIH Consensus Development Panel on Optimal Calcium Intake, 1994, Optimal calcium intake, JAMA, 272, 1942, 10.1001/jama.1994.03520240070044

Slemenda, 1996, Sex steroids, bone mass, and bone loss-a prospective study of pre-, peri-, and postmenopausal women, J Clin Invest, 97, 14, 10.1172/JCI118382

Slosman, 1994, Longitudinal measurement of regional and whole body bone mass in young healthy adults, Osteoporos Int, 4, 185, 10.1007/BF01623238

Recker, 1992, Bone gain in young adult women, JAMA, 268, 2403, 10.1001/jama.1992.03490170075028

Matkovic, 1994, Timing of peak bone mass in Caucasian females and its implications for the prevention of osteoporosis, J Clin Invest, 93, 799, 10.1172/JCI117034

Citron, 1995, Spinal bone mineral loss in estrogen-replete, calcium-replete, premenopausal women, Osteoporos Int, 5, 228, 10.1007/BF01774011

Christiansen, 1980, Prevention of early postmenopausal bone loss. Controlled 2-year study in 315 normal females, Eur J Clin Invest, 10, 273, 10.1111/j.1365-2362.1980.tb00033.x

Lindsay, 1976, Long-term prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis by oestrogen, Lancet, 1, 1038, 10.1016/S0140-6736(76)92217-0

Dawson-Hughes, 1997, Effect of calcium and vitamin D supplementation on bone density in men and women 65 years of age or older, N Engl J Med, 337, 670, 10.1056/NEJM199709043371003

Dawson-Hughes, 1991, Effect of vitamin D supplementation on wintertime and overall bone loss in healthy postmenopausal women, Ann Intern Med, 115, 505, 10.7326/0003-4819-115-7-505

Chapuy, 1992, Vitamin D3 and calcium to prevent hip fractures in the elderly women, N Engl J Med, 327, 1637, 10.1056/NEJM199212033272305

Burks, 1995, Repeat bone densitometry affects patients decisions, J Bone Miner Res, 10, 249S

Ryan, 1992, Compliance with hormone replacement therapy (HRT) after screening for postmenopausal osteoporosis, Br J Obstet Gynaecol, 99, 325, 10.1111/j.1471-0528.1992.tb13732.x

Felson, 1993, The effect of postmenopausal estrogen therapy on bone density in elderly women, N Engl J Med, 329, 1141, 10.1056/NEJM199310143291601

Pouilles, 1997, Effects of cyclical etidronate therapy on bone loss in early postmenopausal women who are not undergoing hormonal replacement therapy, Osteoporos Int, 7, 213, 10.1007/BF01622291

McClung, 1998, Alendronate prevents postmenopausal bone loss in women without osteoporosis, Ann Intern Med, 128, 253, 10.7326/0003-4819-128-4-199802150-00001

Delmas, 1997, Effects of raloxifene on bone mineral density, serum cholesterol concentrations, and uterine endometrium in postmenopausal women, N Engl J Med, 337, 1641, 10.1056/NEJM199712043372301

Gallagher, 1991, Effect of progestin therapy on cortical and trabecular bone: comparison with estrogen, Am J Med, 90, 171, 10.1016/0002-9343(91)90538-9

Abdalla, 1985, Prevention of bone loss in postmenopausal women by northisterone, Obstet Gynecol, 6, 789

Colditz, 1995, The use of estrogens and progestins and the risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women, N Engl J Med, 332, 1589, 10.1056/NEJM199506153322401

Colditz, 1995, Breast cancer and hormone-replacement therapy, N Engl J Med, 333, 1357

Miller, 1997, Cyclical etidronate in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis: efficacy and safety after seven years of treatment, Am J Med, 103, 468, 10.1016/S0002-9343(97)00278-7

Devogelaer, 1996, Oral alendronate induces progressive increases in bone mass of the spine, hip and total body over 3 years in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, Bone, 18, 141, 10.1016/8756-3282(95)00436-X

Stock, 1997, Increments in bone mineral density of the lumbar spine and hip and suppression of bone turnover are maintained after discontinuation of alendronate in postmenopausal women, Am J Med, 103, 291, 10.1016/S0002-9343(97)00130-7

Harris, 1993, Four-year study of intermittent cyclic etidronate treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis: three years of blinded therapy followed by one year of open therapy, Am J Med, 95, 557, 10.1016/0002-9343(93)90350-X

Heikkinen, 1997, Short-term intravenous bisphosphonates in prevention of postmenopausal bone loss, J Bone Miner Res, 12, 103, 10.1359/jbmr.1997.12.1.103

Thiebaud, 1997, Three monthly intravenous injections of ibandronate in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis, Am J Med, 103, 298, 10.1016/S0002-9343(97)00249-0

Tinetti, 1989, Prevention of falls among the elderly, N Engl J Med, 320, 1055, 10.1056/NEJM198904203201606

Tinetti, 1994, A multifactorial intervention to reduce the risk of falling among elderly people living in the community, N Engl J Med, 331, 821, 10.1056/NEJM199409293311301

Trier, 1991, Celiac sprue, N Engl J Med, 325, 1709, 10.1056/NEJM199112123252406

Gunnes, 1996, The relationship between anthropometric measurements and fractures in women, Bone, 19, 407, 10.1016/S8756-3282(96)00196-2

Cooper, 1992, Incidence of clinically diagnosed vertebral fractures: a population-based study in Rochester, Minnesota, 1985–1989, J Bone Miner Res, 7, 221, 10.1002/jbmr.5650070214

Riggs, 1987, Incidence of hip fractures in osteoporotic women treated with sodium fluoride, J Bone Miner Res, 2, 123, 10.1002/jbmr.5650020207

Lundy, 1995, Histomorphometric analysis of iliac crest bone biopsies in placebo-treated versus fluoride-treated subjects, Osteoporos Int, 5, 115, 10.1007/BF01623313

Meunier, 1998, Fluoride salts are no better at preventing new vertebral fractures than calcium-vitamin D in postmenopausal osteoporosis: The FAVO Study, Osteoporos Int, 8, 4, 10.1007/s001980050041

Pak, 1996, Perspective: slow-release sodium fluoride in osteoporosis, J Bone Miner Res, 11, 561, 10.1002/jbmr.5650110502

Recker, 1996, Correcting calcium nutritional deficiency prevents spine fractures in elderly women, J Bone Miner Res, 11, 1961, 10.1002/jbmr.5650111218

Meunier, 1993, Prevention of hip fractures, Am J Med, 95, 75S, 10.1016/0002-9343(93)90387-5

Lips, 1996, Vitamin D supplementation and fracture incidence in elderly persons, Ann Intern Med, 124, 400, 10.7326/0003-4819-124-4-199602150-00003

Tilyard, 1992, Treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis with calcitriol or calcium, N Engl J Med, 326, 357, 10.1056/NEJM199202063260601

Lufkin, 1992, Treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis with transdermal estrogen, Ann Intern Med, 117, 1, 10.7326/0003-4819-117-1-1

Cauley, 1995, Estrogen replacement therapy and fractures in older women, Ann Intern Med, 122, 9, 10.7326/0003-4819-122-1-199501010-00002

Maxim, 1995, Fracture protection provided by long-term estrogen treatment, Osteoporos Int, 5, 23, 10.1007/BF01623654

Watts, 1990, Intermittent cyclic etidronate treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis, N Engl J Med, 323, 73, 10.1056/NEJM199007123230201

Storm, 1990, Effect of intermittent cyclical etidronate therapy on bone mass and fracture rate in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis, N Engl J Med, 332, 1265, 10.1056/NEJM199005033221803

Liberman, 1995, Effect of oral alendronate on bone mineral density and the incidence of fractures in postmenopausal osteoporosis, N Engl J Med, 333, 1437, 10.1056/NEJM199511303332201

Black, 1996, Randomised trial of effect of alendronate on risk of fracture in women with existing vertebral fractures, Lancet, 348, 1535, 10.1016/S0140-6736(96)07088-2

Van Staa, 1997, Use of cyclical etidronate and prevention of non-vertebral fractures, Br J Rheumatol, 36, 1

Siris, 1996, Comparative study of alendronate versus etidronate for the treatment of Paget's disease of bone, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 81, 961, 10.1210/jc.81.3.961

Miller, 1997, Risedronate vs etidronate Paget's study: durable remission with only two months of 30 mg risedronate, J Bone Miner Res, 12, 269S

Wimalawansa, 1995, Combined therapy with estrogen and etidronate has an additive effect on bone mineral density in the hip and vertebrae: four-year randomized study, Am J Med, 99, 36, 10.1016/S0002-9343(99)80102-8

Overgaard, 1992, Effect of salcatonin given intranasally on bone mass and fracture rates in established osteoporosis: a dose-response study, BMJ, 305, 556, 10.1136/bmj.305.6853.556

Miller, 1996, Prediction of fracture risk 1: bone density, Am J Med Sci, 312, 257, 10.1097/00000441-199612000-00003

Heaney, 1994, The bone-remodeling transient: implications for the interpretation of clinical studies of bone mass change, J Bone Miner Res, 9, 1515, 10.1002/jbmr.5650091003

Parfitt, 1996, A new model for the regulation of bone resorption with particular reference to the effects of bisphosphonates, J Bone Miner Res, 11, 150, 10.1002/jbmr.5650110203

Fleisch, 1993, New bisphosphonates in osteoporosis, Osteoporos Int, 2, 15S, 10.1007/BF01623222

Healey, 1996, A randomized controlled trial of salmon calcitonin to prevent bone loss in corticosteroid-treated temporal arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica, Calcif Tissue Int, 58, 73, 10.1007/BF02529727

Van Der Wiel, 1993, Intranasal calcitonin suppresses increased bone resorption during short-term immobilization: a double-blind study of the effects of intranasal calcitonin on biochemical parameters of bone turnover, J Bone Miner Res, 8, 1459, 10.1002/jbmr.5650081208

Agrawal, 1981, Calcitonin treatment of osteoporosis, Vol 540, 237

Stock, 1997, Calcitonin-salmon nasal spray reduces the incidence of new vertebral fractures in postmenopausal women: three-year interim results of the PROOF study, J Bone Miner Res, 12, 149S

Rosen, 1997, The predictive value of biochemical markers of bone turnover for bone mineral density in early postmenopausal women treated with hormone replacement or calcium supplementation, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 82, 1904, 10.1210/jc.82.6.1904

Chesnut, 1997, Hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women: urinary N-telopeptide of type I collagen monitors therapeutic effect and predicts response of bone mineral density, Am J Med, 102, 29, 10.1016/S0002-9343(96)00387-7

Adachi, 1997, Intermittent etidronate therapy to prevent corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis, N Engl J Med, 337, 382, 10.1056/NEJM199708073370603

Lukert, 1990, Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis: pathogenesis and management, Ann Intern Med, 112, 352, 10.7326/0003-4819-112-5-352

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Suarez-Almazor, 1997, Attitudes and beliefs of family physicians and gynecologists in relation to the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis, J Bone Miner Res, 12, 1100, 10.1359/jbmr.1997.12.7.1100