Importance of research on peptidylarginine deiminase and citrullinated proteins in age‐related disease

Akihito Ishigami1, Naoki Maruyama2
1Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Funabashi, Chiba, Japan
2Aging Regulation, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan

Tóm tắt

Peptidylarginine deiminases (PAD) are a group of post‐translational modification enzymes that citrullinate (deiminate) protein arginine residues in a calcium ion‐dependent manner. Enzymatic citrullination abolishes positive charges of native protein molecules, inevitably causing significant alterations in their structure and functions. Citrullinated protein has an important physiological purpose; the formation of a cornified layer of skin that covers the human body. Despite this beneficial function, citrullinated protein also has a negative side, because this protein's accumulation in the brain is a possible cause of Alzheimer's disease. In the present review, we introduce PAD and their protein citrullination function, now considered critical for advancing research on aging and disease. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2010; 10 (Suppl. 1): S53–S58.

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