High plasma high-density lipoprotein levels, very low cardiovascular risk profile, and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis in postmenopausal women

Wilson, 1998, Prediction of coronary heart disease using risk factor categories, Circulation, 97, 1837, 10.1161/01.CIR.97.18.1837 2002, Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) final report, Circulation, 106, 3143, 10.1161/circ.106.25.3143 Khot, 2003, Prevalence of conventional risk factors in patients with coronary heart disease, JAMA, 290, 898, 10.1001/jama.290.7.898 Law, 2004, The performance of blood pressure and other cardiovascular risk factors as screening tests for ischaemic heart disease and stroke, J Med Screen, 11, 3, 10.1258/096914104772950673 Michos, 2006, Framingham risk equation underestimates subclinical atherosclerosis risk in asymptomatic women, Atherosclerosis, 184, 201, 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2005.04.004 Castelli, 1986, Incidence of coronary heart disease and lipoprotein cholesterol levels. The Framingham Study, JAMA, 256, 2835, 10.1001/jama.1986.03380200073024 Shah, 2001, Exploiting the vascular protective effects of high-density lipoprotein and its apolipoproteins: an idea whose time for testing is coming, part I, Circulation, 104, 2376, 10.1161/hc4401.098467 Navab, 2001, High-density lipoprotein and the dynamics of atherosclerotic lesions, Circulation, 104, 2386, 10.1161/circ.104.20.2386 Amarenco, 2008, High-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and risk of stroke and carotid atherosclerosis: a systematic review, Atherosclerosis, 196, 489, 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2007.07.033 Bittner, 2000, Correlates of high HDL cholesterol among women with coronary heart disease, Am Heart J, 139, 288, 10.1016/S0002-8703(00)90238-2 van der Steeg, 2008, High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein particle size, and apolipoprotein A-I: significance for cardiovascular risk: the IDEAL and EPIC-Norfolk studies, J Am Coll Cardiol, 51, 634, 10.1016/j.jacc.2007.09.060 Grant, 2003, Carotid artery stenosis: gray-scale and Doppler US diagnosis—Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound Consensus Conference, Radiology, 229, 340, 10.1148/radiol.2292030516 1995, Carotid artery plaque composition — Relationship to clinical presentation and ultrasound B-mode imaging, Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg, 10, 23, 10.1016/S1078-5884(05)80194-7 Lorenz, 2007, Prediction of clinical cardiovascular events with carotid intima-media thickness: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Circulation, 115, 459, 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.628875 Nauck, 2002, Methods for measurement of LDL-cholesterol: a critical assessment of direct measurement by homogeneous assays versus calculation, Clin Chem, 48, 236, 10.1093/clinchem/48.2.236 Aviram, 1983, Plasma lipoprotein separation by discontinuous density gradient ultracentrifugation in hyperlipoproteinemic patients, Biochem Med, 30, 111, 10.1016/0006-2944(83)90013-3 Gan, 1991, Purification of human serum paraoxonase/arylesterase. Evidence for one esterase catalyzing both activities, Drug Metab Dispos, 19, 100 Rosenblat, 2005, Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) enhances HDL-mediated macrophage cholesterol efflux via the ABCA1 transporter in association with increased HDL binding to the cells: a possible role for lysophosphatidylcholine, Atherosclerosis, 179, 69, 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2004.10.028 Navab, 2009, The role of dysfunctional HDL in atherosclerosis, J Lipid Res, 50, S145, 10.1194/jlr.R800036-JLR200 Dodani, 2009, Is HDL function as important as HDL quantity in the coronary artery risk assessment?, J Clin Lipidol, 3, 70, 10.1016/j.jacl.2009.02.001 Rader, 2006, Molecular regulation of HDL metabolism and function: implications for novel therapies, J Clin Invest, 116, 3090, 10.1172/JCI30163 Ridker, 2003, Clinical application of C-reactive protein for cardiovascular disease detection and prevention, Circulation, 107, 363, 10.1161/01.CIR.0000053730.47739.3C Simon, 2006, Performance of subclinical arterial disease detection as a screening test for coronary heart disease, Hypertension, 48, 392, 10.1161/01.HYP.0000236507.76042.72 Simon, 2007, Comparative performance of subclinical atherosclerosis tests in predicting coronary heart disease in asymptomatic individuals, Eur Heart J, 28, 2967, 10.1093/eurheartj/ehm487 Johnsen, 2007, Carotid atherosclerosis is a stronger predictor of myocardial infarction in women than in men: a 6-year follow-up study of 6226 persons: the Tromsø Study, Stroke, 38, 2873, 10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.487264 Hegele, 1996, The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, Clin Chim Acta, 246, 21, 10.1016/0009-8981(96)06224-9 Tall, 2008, Cholesterol efflux pathways and other potential mechanisms involved in the athero-protective effect of high density lipoproteins, J Intern Med, 263, 256, 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2007.01898.x Yancey, 2003, Importance of different pathways of cellular cholesterol efflux, Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 23, 712, 10.1161/01.ATV.0000057572.97137.DD Duong, 2006, Relative contributions of ABCA1 and SR-BI to cholesterol efflux to serum from fibroblasts and macrophages, Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 26, 541, 10.1161/01.ATV.0000203515.25574.19