Growth and renewable energy in Europe: A random effect model with evidence for neutrality hypothesis
Tóm tắt
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Acaravci, 2010, Electricity consumption-growth nexus: evidence from panel data for transition countries, Energy Economics, 32, 604, 10.1016/j.eneco.2009.10.016
Apergis, 2009, Energy consumption and economic growth in Central America: evidence from a panel cointegration and error correction model, Energy Economics, 31, 211, 10.1016/j.eneco.2008.09.002
Apergis, 2010, Renewable energy consumption and growth in Eurasia, Energy Economics, 32, 1392, 10.1016/j.eneco.2010.06.001
Apergis, 2010, Renewable energy consumption and economic growth: evidence from a panel of OECD countries, Energy Policy, 38, 656, 10.1016/j.enpol.2009.09.002
Apergis, 2011, The renewable energy consumption–growth nexus in Central America, Applied Energy, 88, 343, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2010.07.013
Arbex, 2010, Solow meets Leontief: economic growth and energy consumption, Energy Economics, 32, 43, 10.1016/j.eneco.2009.05.004
Bai, 2002, Determining the number of factors in approximate factor models, Econometrica, 70, 191, 10.1111/1468-0262.00273
Bai, 2004, A panic attack on unit roots and cointegration, Econometrica, 72, 1127, 10.1111/j.1468-0262.2004.00528.x
Balestra, 1966, Pooling cross section and time-series data in the estimation of a dynamic model: the demand for natural Gas, Econometrica, 34, 585, 10.2307/1909771
Barbieri
Bartleet, 2010, Energy consumption and economic growth in New Zealand: results of trivariate and multivariate models, Energy Policy, 38, 3508, 10.1016/j.enpol.2010.02.025
Beck, F. and Martinot, E. (2004). Renewable Energy Policies and Barriers, Forthcoming in Encyclopedia of Energy, Cutler J. Cleveland, ed. (Academic Press/Elsevier Science).
Breusch, 1980, The LM test and its applications to model specification in econometrics, Review of Economic Studies, 47, 239, 10.2307/2297111
Business Green
Chang, 2002, Nonlinear IV unit root tests in panels with cross-sectional dependency, Journal of Econometrics, 110, 261, 10.1016/S0304-4076(02)00095-7
Chang, 2004, Bootstrap unit root tests in panels with cross-sectional dependency, Journal of Econometrics, 120, 263, 10.1016/S0304-4076(03)00214-8
Chiu, 2009, What proportion of renewable energy supplies is needed to initially mitigate CO2 emissions in OECD member countries?, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 13, 1669, 10.1016/j.rser.2008.09.026
Choi, I. (1999). “Asymptotic analysis of a nonstationary error component model”, Manuscript, Kookmin University, Korea.
Choi, 2001, Unit root tests for panel data, Journal of International Money and Finance, 20, 249, 10.1016/S0261-5606(00)00048-6
Choi, I. (2002). Combination unit root tests for cross-sectionally correlated panels, mimeo, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology.
Costantini, 2010, The causality between energy consumption and economic growth: a multi-sectoral analysis using non-stationary cointegrated panel data, Energy Economics, 32, 591, 10.1016/j.eneco.2009.09.013
Engle, 1987, Cointegration and error correction: representation, estimation and testing, Econometrica, 55, 251, 10.2307/1913236
Erdal, 2008, The causality between energy consumption and economic growth in Turkey, Energy Policy, 36, 3838, 10.1016/j.enpol.2008.07.012
European Commission
European Commission, 2001, Directive 2001/77/ec of the European parliament and of the council of 27 September 2001 on the promotion of electricity produced from renewable energy sources in the internal electricity market, Official Journal of the European Communities, L 283/33–40
European Commission, 2009, Directive 2009/28/EC of the European Parliament and of the council of 23 April 2009 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources and amending and subsequently repealing Directives 2001/77/EC and 2003/30/EC, Official Journal of the European Union, L 140/16–62
European Renewable energy Council
Eurostat
Francis, 2007, Energy consumption and projected growth in selected Caribbean countries, Energy Economics, 29, 1224, 10.1016/j.eneco.2007.01.009
Ghali, 2004, Energy use and output growth in Canada: a multivariate cointegration analysis, Energy Economics, 26, 225, 10.1016/S0140-9883(03)00056-2
Green, 2003
Gujarati, 1995
Hadri, 2000, Testing for unit roots in heterogeneous panel data, Econometrics Journal, 3, 148, 10.1111/1368-423X.00043
Hondroyiannis, 2002, Energy consumption and economic growth: assessing the evidence from Greece, Energy Economics, 24, 319, 10.1016/S0140-9883(02)00006-3
House of Lords, European Union Committee. ‘The EU's target for renewable energy: 20% by 2020’, Volume I: Report, 27th Report of Session, 2007–08, HL Paper 175–I.
Huang, 2008, Causal relationship between energy consumption and GDP growth revisited: a dynamic panel data approach, Ecological Economics, 67, 41, 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2007.11.006
Im, K.S., Pesaran, M.H. and Shin, Y. (1997). “Testing for unit roots in heterogeneous panels”, mimeo, Department of Applied Economics, University of Cambridge.
Im, 2003, Testing for unit roots in heterogeneous panels, Journal of Econometrics, 115, 53, 10.1016/S0304-4076(03)00092-7
Jäger-Waldau, 2007, Photovoltaics and renewable energies in Europe, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 11, 1414, 10.1016/j.rser.2005.11.001
Judge, 1985
Lee, 2008, Energy consumption and economic growth in Asian economies: a more comprehensive analysis using panel data, Resource and Energy Economics, 30, 50, 10.1016/j.reseneeco.2007.03.003
Levin, A. and Lin, C.F. (1992). “Unit root test in panel data: asymptotic and finite-sample properties”, Discussion Paper, 92–93, Department of Economics, University of California at San Diego.
Levin, A. and Lin, C.F. (1993). “Unit root test in panel data: new results”, Discussion Paper, 93–56, Department of Economics, University of California at San Diego.
Levin, 2002, Unit root tests in panel data: asymptotic and finite-sample properties, Journal of Econometrics, 108, 1, 10.1016/S0304-4076(01)00098-7
Lise, 2007, Energy consumption and GDP in Turkey: is there a co-integration relationship?, Energy Economics, 29, 1166, 10.1016/j.eneco.2006.08.010
Maddala, 1999, A comparative study of unit root tests and a new simple test, Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 61, 631, 10.1111/1468-0084.61.s1.13
Menyah, 2010, CO2 emissions, nuclear energy, renewable energy and economic growth in the US, Energy Policy, 38, 2911, 10.1016/j.enpol.2010.01.024
Míguez, 2006, Review of compliance with EU-2010 targets on renewable energy in Galicia (Spain), Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 10, 225, 10.1016/j.rser.2004.09.009
Mishra, 2009, The energy-GDP nexus: evidence from a panel of Pacific Island countries, Resource and Energy Economics, 31, 210, 10.1016/j.reseneeco.2009.04.002
Moon, 2004, Testing for a unit root in panel with dynamic factors, Journal of Econometrics, 122, 81, 10.1016/j.jeconom.2003.10.020
Mulder, 2008, Do economic instruments matter? Wind turbine investments in the EU(15), Energy Economics, 30, 2980, 10.1016/j.eneco.2008.02.005
O'Connell, 1998, The overvaluation of purchasing power parity, Journal of International Economics, 44, 1, 10.1016/S0022-1996(97)00017-2
Özturk, 2010, A literature survey on energy–growth nexus, Energy Policy, 38, 340, 10.1016/j.enpol.2009.09.024
Özturk, 2010, Energy consumption and economic growth relationship: evidence from panel data for low and middle income countries, Energy Policy, 38, 4422, 10.1016/j.enpol.2010.03.071
Pesaran, M.H. (2003). A simple panel unit root test in the presence of cross section dependence, mimeo, Cambridge University.
Sadorsky, 2009, Renewable energy consumption and income in emerging economies, Energy Policy, 37, 4021, 10.1016/j.enpol.2009.05.003
Soytas, 2009, Energy consumption, economic growth, and carbon emissions: challenges faced by an EU candidate member, Ecological Economics, 68, 1667, 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2007.06.014
Stenzel
Tsani, 2010, Energy consumption and economic growth: a causality analysis for Greece, Energy Economics, 32, 582, 10.1016/j.eneco.2009.09.007
Uyterlinde, 2007, Implications of technological learning on the prospects for renewable energy technologies in Europe, Energy Policy, 35, 4072, 10.1016/j.enpol.2007.02.004
Wolde-Rufael, 2009, Energy consumption and economic growth: the experience of African countries revisited, Energy Economics, 31, 217, 10.1016/j.eneco.2008.11.005