Global Biodiversity: Indicators of Recent Declines

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) - Tập 328 Số 5982 - Trang 1164-1168 - 2010
Stuart H. M. Butchart1,2, Matt Walpole2, Ben Collen3, A. van Strien4, Jörn P. W. Scharlemann2, Rosamunde E. A. Almond2, Jonathan Baillie3, Bastian Bertzky2, Claire Brown2, John Bruno5, Kent E. Carpenter6, Geneviève M. Carr7, Janice Chanson8, Anna M. Chenery2, Jorge Csirke9, Nick C. Davidson10, Frank Dentener11, Matt Foster12, Alessandro Galli13, James N. Galloway14, Piero Genovesi15, Richard D. Gregory16, Marc Hockings17, Valerie Kapos18,2, Jean‐François Lamarque19, Fiona Leverington17, Jonathan Loh20, Mélodie A. McGeoch21, Louise McRae3, Anahit Minasyan22, Monica Hernández Morcillo2, Thomasina E. E. Oldfield23, Daniel Pauly24, Suhel Quader25, Carmen Revenga26, John R. Sauer27, Benjamin Skolnik28, Dian Spear29, Damon Stanwell‐Smith2, Simon N. Stuart30,12,31,2, Andy Symes1, Megan Tierney2, Tristan D. Tyrrell2, Jean-Christophe Vié32, Reg Watson24
1BirdLife International, Wellbrook Court, Cambridge CB3 0NA, UK
2United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre, 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge CB3 0DL, UK
3Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY UK
4Statistics Netherlands, Post Office Box 24500, The Hague, 2490 HA, Netherlands.
5Department of Marine Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 340 Chapman Hall, CB 3300, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
6International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and Conservation International Global Marine Species Assessment, Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA.
7United Nations Environment Programme, Global Environment Monitoring System—Water, c/o National Water Research Institute, 867 Lakeshore Road, Burlington, Ontario L7R 4A6, Canada.
8IUCN Species Survival Commission, Conservation International, Biodiversity Assessment Unit, c/o Center for Applied Biodiversity Science, Conservation International, 2011 Crystal Drive, Suite 500, Arlington, VA 22202, USA.
9Fisheries and Aquaculture Management Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Viale delle Terme di Caracalla 00153, Rome, Italy.
10Secretariat of the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands, Rue Mauverney 28, 1196 Gland, Switzerland.
11European Commission Joint Research Centre, Institute for Environment and Sustainability, TP290, Via Enrico Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra (VA), Italy.
12Center for Applied Biodiversity Science, Conservation International, 2011 Crystal Drive, Suite 500, Arlington, VA 22202, USA
13Global Footprint Network, 312 Clay Street, Suite 300, Oakland, CA 94607–3510, USA.
14Environmental Sciences Department, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
15Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale, Via Curtatone 3, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
16Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, The Lodge, Sandy SG19 2DL, UK, and European Bird Census Council.
17School of Integrative Systems, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, Qld 4067, Australia.
18Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EJ, UK
19National Center for Atmospheric Research, 3450 Mitchell Lane, Boulder, CO 80301, USA.
20World Wildlife Fund (WWF) International, 1196 Gland, Switzerland.
21South African National Parks, Centre for Invasion Biology and Global Invasive Species Programme, Post Office Box 216, Steenberg 7947, South Africa.
22United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, 7 place de Fontenoy, 75352 Paris, France.
23TRAFFIC International, 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge CB3 0DL, UK.
24Sea Around Us Project, Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia, 2202 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z4, Canada.
25National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, GKVK Campus, Bellary Road, Bangalore, 560 065, India
26The Nature Conservancy, 4245 North Fairfax Drive, Arlington, VA 22203, USA.
27U.S. Geological Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, 12100 Beech Forest Road, Laurel, MD 20708–4039, USA.
28American Bird Conservancy, 1731 Connecticut Avenue, N.W., 3rd Floor, Washington, DC 20009, USA.
29Centre for Invasion Biology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
30Al Ain Wildlife Park and Resort, Post Office Box 45553, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
31IUCN Species Survival Commission, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
32IUCN, Rue Mauverney 28, 1196 Gland, Switzerland

Tóm tắt

Global Biodiversity Target Missed In 2002, the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) committed to a significant reduction in the rate of biodiversity loss by 2010. There has been widespread conjecture that this target has not been met. Butchart et al. (p. 1164 , published online 29 April) analyzed over 30 indicators developed within the CBD's framework. These indicators include the condition or state of biodiversity (e.g., species numbers, population sizes), the pressures on biodiversity (e.g., deforestation), and the responses to maintain biodiversity (e.g., protected areas) and were assessed between about 1970 and 2005. Taken together, the results confirm that we have indeed failed to meet the 2010 targets.

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