Tương tác gene-môi trường của monoamine oxidase A liên quan đến hành vi chống xã hội: hướng đi hiện tại và tương lai

Journal of Neural Transmission - Tập 125 - Trang 1601-1626 - 2018
Kent W. Nilsson1, Cecilia Åslund1, Erika Comasco2, Lars Oreland3
1Centre for Clinical research Uppsala University, County Hospital, Västerås, Sweden
2Department of Neuroscience, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
3Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

Tóm tắt

Kể từ khi phát hiện tiên phong của Caspi và các cộng sự vào năm 2002 rằng việc tiếp xúc với sự lạm dụng trẻ em có thể dự đoán hành vi chống xã hội (ASB) sau này ở những người mang alen MAOA-uVNTR hoạt động thấp, đã có nhiều nghiên cứu tái lập được công bố. Hai phân tích tổng hợp, một vào năm 2006 và một vào năm 2014, đã xác nhận các phát hiện ban đầu của Caspi và các cộng sự. Trong bài báo hiện tại, chúng tôi xem xét tài liệu, ghi nhận một số khía cạnh phương pháp của các nghiên cứu tương tác gene-môi trường (cG×E) và đề xuất một số hướng đi trong tương lai. Kết luận của chúng tôi như sau. (1) Hướng tác động trong mô hình cG×E có thể khác nhau tùy thuộc vào bối cảnh môi trường tích cực và tiêu cực của quần thể. (2) Có một vấn đề về giao điểm dự đoán, do đó khi đo lường một loại lạm dụng ở một người, các loại lạm dụng khác thường xảy ra đồng thời. Các hình thức lạm dụng khác được coi là ngầm trong các mô hình thống kê; do đó, việc rút ra kết luận về tác động của thời gian và mức độ nghiêm trọng của các hình thức sự kiện sống căng thẳng khác nhau liên quan đến ASB là rất khó khăn. (3) Cũng có một vấn đề giao điểm kết quả do sự giao nhau lớn giữa ASB và các vấn đề sức khỏe tâm thần khác. Có khả năng rằng G×E với MAOA liên quan đến một yếu tố chung chưa được đo lường. (4) Đối với mô hình G×E, trong đó tác động của gene lên biến kết quả phụ thuộc vào các biến dự đoán khác, lý thuyết, cần một mô hình thống kê dựa trên giả thuyết.

Từ khóa

#tương tác gene-môi trường; hành vi chống xã hội; MAOA; lạm dụng trẻ em; phân tích tổng hợp

Tài liệu tham khảo

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