Garlic inhibits free radical generation and augments antioxidant enzyme activity in vascular endothelial cells

Lum, 1992, Reoxygenation of endothelial cells increases permeability by oxidant-dependent mechanisms, Circ Res, 70, 991, 10.1161/01.RES.70.5.991

McCord, 1985, Oxygen-derived free radicals in postischemic tissue injury, N Engl J Med, 312, 159, 10.1056/NEJM198501173120305

Crawford, 1991, Arterial wall oxygenation, oxyradicals and atherosclerosis, Atherosclerosis, 89, 97, 10.1016/0021-9150(91)90049-9

Tesfamariam, 1994, Free radicals in diabetic endothelial cell dysfunction, Free Radic Biol Med, 16, 383, 10.1016/0891-5849(94)90040-X

Varani, 1994, Mechanisms of neutrophil-dependent and neutrophil-independent endothelial cell injury, Biol Signals, 3, 1, 10.1159/000109521

Wakabayashi, 1995, Conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase to xanthine oxidase in bovine carotid artery endothelial cells induced by activated neutrophils: involvement of adhesion molecules, Biochim Biophys Acta, 1265, 103, 10.1016/0167-4889(94)00202-P

Leff, 1991, Human serum catalase decreases endothelial cell injury from hydrogen peroxide, J Appl Physiol, 71, 1903, 10.1152/jappl.1991.71.5.1903

Freeman, 1982, Free radicals and tissue injury, Lab Invest, 47, 412

Becker, 1994, Heparin-released superoxide dismutase inhibits postischemic leukocyte adhesion to venular endothelium, Am J Physiol, 267, H925

Lau, 1983, Allium sativum (garlic) and atherosclerosis: a review, Nutr Res, 3, 119, 10.1016/S0271-5317(83)80128-6

Lau, 1990, Allium sativum (garlic) and cancer prevention, Nutr Res, 10, 937, 10.1016/S0271-5317(05)80057-0

Moriguchi, 1994, Prolongation of life span and improved learning in the senescence accelerated mouse produced by aged garlic extract, Biol Pharm Bull, 17, 1589, 10.1248/bpb.17.1589

Kourounakis, 1991, Effect on active oxygen species of alliin and Allium sativum (garlic) powder, Res Comm Chem Pathol Pharmacol, 74, 249

Yamasaki, 1994, Garlic compounds protect vascular endothelial cells from hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidant injury, Phytotherapy Res, 8, 408, 10.1002/ptr.2650080706

Lowry, 1951, Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent, J Biol Chem, 193, 265, 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)52451-6

Wan, 1993, An automated microfluorometric assay for monitoring oxidative burst activity of phagocytes, J Immunol Methods, 159, 131, 10.1016/0022-1759(93)90150-6

Scott, 1988, Quantitation of intracellular oxidation in a renal epithelial cell line, Free Radic Biol Med, 4, 79, 10.1016/0891-5849(88)90067-6

Carter, 1994, Intracellular hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion detection in endothelial cells, J Leukoc Biol, 55, 253, 10.1002/jlb.55.2.253

Oyanagui, 1984, Reevaluation of assay methods and establishment of kit for superoxide dismutase activity, Anal Biochem, 142, 290, 10.1016/0003-2697(84)90467-6

Paglia, 1967, Studies on the quantitative and qualitative characterization of erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase, J Lab Clin Med, 70, 158

Beers, 1952, A spectrophotometric method for measuring the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide by catalase, J Biol Chem, 195, 133, 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)50881-X

Zweier, 1994, Determination of the mechanism of free radical generation in human aortic endothelial cells exposed to anoxia and reoxygenation, J Biol Chem, 269, 24156, 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)51062-6

Lucchesi, 1990, Modulation of leukocyte-mediated myocardial reperfusion injury, Annu Rev Physiol, 52, 561, 10.1146/annurev.ph.52.030190.003021

Birnboim, 1993, Neutrophil adhesion to endothelial cells impairs the effects of catalase and glutathione in preventing endothelial cell injury, J Cell Biol, 155, 234

Park, 1994, Thymic peptide modulates glutathione redox cycle and antioxidant enzymes in macrophages, J Leukoc Biol, 55, 496, 10.1002/jlb.55.4.496

Geng, 1997, Aged garlic extract modulates glutathione redox cycle and superoxide dismutase activity in vascular endothelial cells, Phytotherapy Res, 11, 54, 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(199702)11:1<54::AID-PTR950>3.0.CO;2-Y