Bổ sung axit folic trước và trong thai kỳ trong Nghiên cứu Epigenetics ở trẻ sơ sinh (NEST)

BMC Public Health - Tập 11 - Trang 1-8 - 2011
Cathrine Hoyo1, Amy P Murtha2, Joellen M Schildkraut1, Michele R Forman3, Brian Calingaert1, Wendy Demark-Wahnefried4, Joanne Kurtzberg5, Randy L Jirtle6, Susan K Murphy7
1Department of Community and Family Medicine and Program of Cancer Detection, Prevention and Control, Duke University, Durham, USA
2Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Duke University, Durham, USA
3Department of Epidemiology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
4Department of Behavioral Science, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
5Department of Pathology and Carolinas Cord Blood Banking Project, Duke University, Durham, USA
6Department of Radiation Oncology, Durham, USA
7Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Pathology Duke University, USA

Tóm tắt

Axit folic (FA) được thêm vào thực phẩm trong quá trình tăng cường có độ khả dụng sinh học từ 70-85% so với 50% acid folate có trong thực phẩm tự nhiên. Do đó, nếu bổ sung FA cũng được thực hiện trong thai kỳ, cả mẹ và thai nhi có thể tiếp xúc với FA vượt quá giới hạn tối đa được khuyến nghị (TUL) 1.000 microgam mỗi ngày (μg/ngày) của Viện Y học cho phụ nữ mang thai trưởng thành. Mục tiêu chính là ước tính tỷ lệ phụ nữ sử dụng liều axit folic (FA) vượt quá TUL trước và trong thai kỳ, và xác định các yếu tố liên quan đến việc sử dụng FA cao. Trong giai đoạn 2005-2008, dữ liệu liên quan đến việc bổ sung chế độ ăn trước và trong thai kỳ đã được thu thập thông qua phỏng vấn 539 phụ nữ mang thai tham gia tại hai cơ sở chăm sóc sản khoa ở quận Durham, North Carolina. Trước thai kỳ, 51% phụ nữ báo cáo bổ sung FA và 66% báo cáo đã sử dụng bổ sung này trong thai kỳ. Trước thai kỳ, 11,9% (95% CI = 9,2%-14,6%) phụ nữ báo cáo sử dụng FA với liều vượt quá TUL 1.000 μg/ngày, và tỷ lệ tương tự cũng ghi nhận trong thời gian thai kỳ. Trước thai kỳ, phụ nữ người da trắng có khả năng sử dụng liều FA vượt quá TUL cao hơn (OR = 2,99; 95% = 1,28-7,00) so với phụ nữ người da đen, trong khi phụ nữ có các bệnh mãn tính có khả năng thấp hơn trong việc sử dụng liều FA vượt quá TUL (OR = 0,48; 95%CI = 0,21-0,97). So với phụ nữ người da đen, phụ nữ người da trắng cũng ghi nhận việc tiêu thụ FA với liều vượt quá TUL trong thai kỳ nhiều hơn (OR = 5,09; 95%CI = 2,07-12,49). Năm mươi mốt phần trăm phụ nữ báo cáo đã tiêu thụ một số axit folic trước và 66% trong thai kỳ, tương ứng, và hơn một trong mười phụ nữ đã sử dụng bổ sung FA với liều vượt quá TUL. Phụ nữ người da trắng có khả năng cao hơn trong việc báo cáo tiêu thụ FA cao. Một nghiên cứu hiện đang diễn ra để xác định các tác động di truyền và phi gen độc hại có thể của các liều cao này.

Từ khóa

#Axit folic #bổ sung chế độ ăn uống #thai kỳ #mức TUL #phụ nữ mang thai

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The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here:http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/11/46/prepub

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