El eje hipotálamo-hipófisis en el niño: consideraciones de imagen

Kornreich, 1995, Central precocious puberty: evaluation by neuroimaging, Pediatr Radiol, 25, 7, 10.1007/BF02020830 Müller, 1989, The human brain at stage 16, including the initial evagination of the neurohypophysis, Anat Embryol, 179, 551, 10.1007/BF00315698 Kollias, 1995, Review of the embryologic development of the pituitary gland and report of a case of hypophyseal duplication detected by MRI, Neuroradiology, 37, 3, 10.1007/BF00588511 Elster AD. Imaging of the sella: anatomy and pathology. Seminars in US, CT, and MRI. 1993;4:182-94. Kucharczyk, 1990, The effect of phospholipids vesicles on the NMR relaxation of water: an explanation for the MR appearance of the neurohypophysis?, AJNR Am J Neuroradiol, 11, 693 Moses, 1992, Use of T1-weighted MR imaging to differentiate between primary polydipsia and central diabetes insipidus, AJNR Am J Neuroradiol, 13, 1273 Robertson, 2001, Antidiuretic hormone. Normal and disordered function, Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am, 30, 671, 10.1016/S0889-8529(05)70207-3 Maghnie, 1992, Correlation between magnetic resonance imaging of posterior pituitary and neurohypophyseal function in children with diabetes insipidus, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 74, 795, 10.1210/jc.74.4.795 Korogi Y, Takahashi M. Current concepts of imaging in patients with pituitary/hypothalamic dysfunction. Seminars in Ultrasound, CT, and MRI. 1995;6:270-8. Tien, 1992, MR imaging of the pituitary gland in infants and children: changes in size, shape, and MR signal with growth and development, AJR Am J Neuroradiol, 158, 1151 Elster, 1990, Pituitary gland: MR imaging of physilogic hypertrophy in adolescence, Radiology, 174, 681, 10.1148/radiology.174.3.2305049 Marziali, 2004, Evaluation of anterior pituitary gland volume in childhood using three-dimensional MRI, Pediatr Radiol, 34, 547, 10.1007/s00247-004-1208-6 Geffner, 2002, Hypopituitarism in childhood, Cancer Control, 9, 212, 10.1177/107327480200900304 Spray, 2000, Investigation and outcome of neonatal hepatitis in infants with hypopituitarism, Acta Paediatr, 89, 951, 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2000.tb00415.x Ochi, 1992, Growt retardation due to idiopathic growth hormone deficiencies: MR findigs in 24 patients, Pediatr Radiol, 22, 477, 10.1007/BF02012987 Towbin, 1996, Imaging in pediatric endocrine disorders, 549 Genovese, 1997, Hypothalamic-pituitary vascularization in pituitary stalk transaction syndrome: is the pituitary stalk really transected?, Pediatr Radiol, 27, 48, 10.1007/s002470050062 Triulzi, 1994, Evidence of a congenital midline brain anomaly in pituitary dwarfs: a magnetic resonance imaging study in 101 patients, Pediatrics, 93, 409, 10.1542/peds.93.3.409 Mitchell, 2002, Ectopic posterior pituitary lobe and periventricular heterotopia: cerebral malformations with the same underlying mechanism?, AJNR Am J Neuroradiol, 23, 1475 Yekeler, 2004, Congenital bilateral perisylvian syndrome with pituitary hypoplasia and ectopic neurohypophysis, Pediatr Radiol, 34, 908, 10.1007/s00247-004-1221-9 Brodsky, 1993, Optic nerve hypoplasia: clinical significance of associated central nervous system abnormalities on MRI, Arch Ophtalmol, 111, 66, 10.1001/archopht.1993.01090010070029 Birkebaek, 2004, Optic nerve size evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging in children with optic nerve hypoplasia, múltiple pituitary hormone deficiency, isolated growth hormone deficiency, and idiopatic short stature, J Pediatr, 145, 536, 10.1016/j.jpeds.2004.06.041 Barkovich, 2000, Congenital malformations of the brain and skull, 254 Siatkowski, 1997, The clinical, neuroradiographic, and endocrinologic profile of patients with bilateral optic nerve hypoplasia, Ophthalmology, 10, 493, 10.1016/S0161-6420(97)30286-3 Vogl, 1994, Kallman syndrome versus idiopathic hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism at MR imaging, Radiology, 191, 53, 10.1148/radiology.191.1.8134597 Hamon-Kérautret, 1998, Duplication of the pituitary gland in a newborn with median cleft face syndrome and nasal teratoma, Pediatr Radiol, 28, 290, 10.1007/s002470050354 Russell, 1989 Guibaud, 1995, Ginat hypothalamic hamartoma: an unusual neonatal tumor, Pediatr Radiol, 25, 17, 10.1007/BF02020833 Barkovich, 2000, Intracranial, orbital, and neck tumors of childhood, 443 Moseley, 2000, Pituitary gene mutations and the growth hormone pathway, Semin Reprod Med, 18, 21, 10.1055/s-2000-13473 Böttner, 2004, PROP1 mutations cause progressive deterioration of anterior pituitary function including adrenal insufficiency: a longitudinal analysis, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 89, 5256, 10.1210/jc.2004-0661 Fofanova, 2000, MR imaging of the pituitary gland in children and young adults with congenital combined pituitary hormone deficiency associated with PROP1 mutations, AJR Am J Radiol, 174, 555, 10.2214/ajr.174.2.1740555 Riepe, 2001, Longitudinal imaging reveals pituitary enlargement preceding hypoplasia in two brothers with combined pituitary hormone deficiency attributable to PROP1 mutation, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 86, 4353, 10.1210/jc.86.9.4353 Vallette-Kasic, 2001, PROP1 gene screening in patients with multiple pituitary hormone deficiency reveals two sites of hypermutability and a high incidence of corticotroph deficiency, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 86, 4529, 10.1210/jc.86.9.4529 Brzowski, 1992, Spontaneous regression of optic glioma in a patient with neurofibromatosis, Neurology, 42, 679, 10.1212/WNL.42.3.679 Mootha, 1997, Idiopatic hypothalamic diabetes insipidus, pituitary stalk thickening, and the occult intracranial germinoma in children and adolescents, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 82, 1362, 10.1210/jc.82.5.1362 Hutcins, 1990, MR demonstration of pituitary hyperplasia and regression after therapy for hypothyroidism, AJNR Am J Neuroradiol, 11, 410 Lerner, 2004, Growth hormone therapy in children after cranial/craniospinal radiation therapy: sexually dimorphic outcomes, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 89, 6100, 10.1210/jc.2004-1515 Pääkk, 1994, Decreased pituitary gland height after radiation treatment to the hypothalamic-pituitary axis evaluated by MR, AJNR Am J Neuroradiol, 15, 537 Prosch, 2004, Central diabetes insipidus as presenting symptom of Langerhans cell histiocytosis, Pediatr Blood Cancer, 43, 594, 10.1002/pbc.20102 Maghnie, 1992, MR of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis in Langerhans’cell histiocytosis, AJNR Am J Neuroradiol, 13, 1365 Imura, 1993, Lymphocityc infundibuloneurohypophysitis as a cause of central diabetes insipidus, N Eng J Med, 329, 683, 10.1056/NEJM199309023291002 Yamanaka, 1993, Acquired growth hormone deficiency due to pituitary stalk transaction after head trauma in childhood, Eur J Pediatr, 152, 99, 10.1007/BF02072482 Mariani, 1996, Hypopituitarisme post-traumatisme cranien: à propos de trois cas, Arch Pédiatr, 3, 796, 10.1016/0929-693X(96)82164-6 Argyropoulou, 2000, T2 relaxation rate as an index of pituitary iron overload in patients with β-thalassemia major, AJR Am J Radiol, 175, 1567, 10.2214/ajr.175.6.1751567 Teramoto, 1994, Incidental pituitary lesions in 1,000 unselected autopsy specimens, Radiology, 193, 161, 10.1148/radiology.193.1.8090885 Golzarian, 1993, Pineal cysts: normal or pathologicall?, Neuroradiology, 5, 251, 10.1007/BF00602604