Effects of age and race on skin condition and bacterial counts on hands of neonatal ICU nurses

Jarvis, 1996, Selected aspects of socioeconomic impact of nosocomial infections, Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol, 17, 552, 10.2307/30141291 Beck-Sague, 1994, Bloodstream infections in neonatal intensive care unit patients, Pediatr Infect Dis, 13, 1110, 10.1097/00006454-199412000-00008 Ford-Jones, 1989, Epidemiologic study of 4684 hospital-acquired infections in pediatric patients, Pediatr Infect Dis, 8, 668, 10.1097/00006454-198910000-00002 Goldmann, 1981, Nosocomial infection in a neonatal intensive care unit, J Infect Dis, 144, 449, 10.1093/infdis/144.5.449 Hemming, 1976, Nosocomial infections in a newborn intensive-care unit, N Engl J Med, 294, 1310, 10.1056/NEJM197606102942403 1999, Hand washing (editorial), Br Med J, 318, 686, 10.1136/bmj.318.7185.686 Larson, 1995, Compliance with handwashing and barrier precautions, J Hosp Infect, 30, 88, 10.1016/0195-6701(95)90010-1 Meers, 1978, Shedding of bacteria and skin squames after handwashing, J Hyg (Lond), 81, 99, 10.1017/S0022172400053808 Meers, 1980, The shedding of bacteria and skin squames after handwashing, vol. 23, 13 Larson, 1997, Prevalence and correlates of skin damage on the hands of nurses, Heart Lung, 26, 404, 10.1016/S0147-9563(97)90027-3 Lenth R. Java applets for sample size. Online at http://www.stat.uiowa.edu/∼rlenth/Power/index.html. Last accessed July 14, 2003 United States Census Bureau. Demographic Profiles. Online at http://www.census.gov/Press-Release/www/2002/demofrofiles.html Berardesca, 1991, In vivo biological characterization of skin physiological differences in races, Dermatologica, 182, 89, 10.1159/000247752 Corcuff, 1991, Racial differences in corneocytes. A comparison between black, white and oriental skin, Acta Derm Venereol, 71, 146 Berardesca, 1996, Racial differences in skin pathophysiology, J Am Acad Dermatol, 34, 667, 10.1016/S0190-9622(96)80070-3 Kompaore, 1993, In vivo differences between Asian, black and white in the stratum corneum barrier function, Int Arch Occup Environ Health, 65, S223, 10.1007/BF00381346 Manuskiatti, 1998, Influence of age, anatomic site and race on skin roughness and scaliness, Dermatology, 196, 401, 10.1159/000017932 Gilchrest, Barbara A. MD. Skin and aging processes. Florida: CRC Press, Inc; 1984 Vogel, 1993, Mechanical measurements in assessing aging, 145 Robinson, 2002, Population differences in acute skin irritation responses. Race, sex, age, sensitive skin and repeat subject comparisons, Contact Dermatitis, 46, 86, 10.1034/j.1600-0536.2002.460205.x Foca, 2000, Endemic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in a neonatal intensive care unit, New Engl J Med, 343, 695, 10.1056/NEJM200009073431004 Robinson, 1983, Skin problems of aging, Geriatrics, 38, 57 Jourdain, 2002, Ethnic variations in self-perceived sensitive skin, Contact Dermatitis, 46, 162, 10.1034/j.1600-0536.2002.460307.x Berardesca, 1991, Sensitive and ethnic skin. A need for special skin-care agents?, Dermatol Clin, 9, 89, 10.1016/S0733-8635(18)30436-4 Boyce, 2002, Am J Infect Control, 30, S1, 10.1067/mic.2002.130391