Effect of Dexmedetomidine combined with sufentanil for post- thoracotomy intravenous analgesia:a randomized, controlled clinical study

Gottschalk A, Cohen SP, Yang S, Ochroch EA. Preventing and treating pain after thoracic surgery. Anesthesiology. 2006;104(3):594–600.

Unlugenc H, Tetiker S, Buyukkurt S, Guler T, Isik G. Comparison of the effect of adding remifentanil to patient-controlled tramadol or morphine for postoperative analgesia after major abdominal surgery. J Opioid Manag. 2009;5(5):247–55.

Dahan A, Aarts L, Smith TW. Incidence, reversal, and prevention of opioid-induced respiratory depression. Anesthesiology. 2010;112:226–38.

Blaudszun G, Lysakowski C, Elia N, Tramer MR. Effect of perioperative systemic α2 agonists on postoperative morphine consumption and pain intensity: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Anesthesiology. 2012;116(6):1312–22.

Peng K, Liu HY, Wu SR, Cheng H, Ji FH. Effects of combining Dexmedetomidine and opioids postoperative intravenous patient-controlled analgesia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin J Pain. 2015;31(12):1087–104.

Cai X, Zhang P, Lu SF, Zhang ZW, Yu AL, Liu DH, Wu SS. Effects of intraoperative Dexmedetomidine on postoperative pain in highly nicotine-dependent patients after thoracic surgery. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016;95(22):e3814.

Nie Y, Liu Y, Luo Q, Huang S. Effect of Dexmedetomidine combined with sufentanil for post-caesarean section intravenous analgesia: a randomised, placebo-controlled study. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2014;31(4):197–203.

Ramsay MA, Newman KB, Leeper B, Hamman BL, Hebeler Jr RF, Henry AC, Kourlis Jr H, Wood RE, Stecher JA, Hein HA. Dexmedetomidine infusion for analgesia up to 48 h after lung surgery performed by lateral thoracotomy. Proc (Baylor Univ Med Cent). 2014;27(1):3–10.

Song Y, Shim JK, Song JW, Kim EK, Kwak YL. Dexmedetomidine added to an opioid-based analgesic regimen for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting in highly susceptible patients: a randomised controlled trial. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2016;33(2):75–83.

Chen AK, Cheung CW, Chong YK. Alpha-2 agonists in acute pain management. Exert Opin Pharmacother. 2010;11(7):2849–68.

Yazigi A, Abou-Zeid H, Srouji T, Madi-Jebara S, Haddad F, Jabbour K. The effect of low-dose intravenous ketamine on continuous intercostal analgesia following thoracotomy. Ann Card Anaesth. 2012;15(1):32–8.

Apfel CC, Laara E, Koivuranta M, Greim CA, Roewer N. A simplified risk score for predicting postoperative nausea and vomiting: conclusions from cross-validations between two centers. Anesthesiology. 1999;93(3):693–700.

Hams C, Nubling M, Langewitz W, Kindler CH. Patient satisfaction with continued versus divided anesthetic care. J Clin Anesth. 2007;19(1):9–14.

Lundorf LJ, Nedergaard HK, Meller AM. Perioperative Dexmedetomidine for acute pain after abdominal surgery in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016;2:CD010358.

Ren C, Zhang X, Liu Z, Li C, Zhang Z. Effect of intraoperative and postoperative infusion of Dexmedetomidine on the quality of postoperative analgesia in highly nicotine-dependent patients after thoracic surgery: a CONSORT-prospective, randomized. Controlled Trial Med. 2015;94(32):1–9.

Yu A, Cai X, Zhang Z, Shi H, Liu D, Zhang P, Fu Z. Effect of nicotine dependence on opioid requirements of patients after thoracic surgery. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2015;59(1):115–22.

Lin TF, Yeh YC, Lin FS, et al. Effect of combining Dexmedetomidine and morphine for intravenous patient-controlled analgesia. Br J Anaesth. 2009;102(1):117–22.

Wlildgaard K, Ravn J, Kehlet H. Chronic post-thoracotomy: a critical review of pathogenic mechanisms and strategies for prevention. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2009;36(1):170–8.

Angst MS, Ramaswamy B, Davies MF, Maze M. Comparative analgesic and mental effects of increasing plasma concentrations of Dexmedetomidine and alfentanil in humans. Anesthesiology. 2004;101(3):744–52.

Nelson LE, Lu J, Guo T, Saper CB, Franks NP, Maze M. The α2-adrenoceptor agonist Dexmedetomidine converges on an endogenous sleep-promoting pathway to exert its sedative effects. Anesthesiology. 2003;98(2):428–36.

Akeju O, Pavone KJ, Westover MB, Vazquez R, Prerau MJ, Harrell PG, Hartnack KE, Rhee J, Sampson AL, Habeeb K, Gao L, Pierce ET, Walsh JL, Brown EN, Purdon PL. A comparison of propofol- and Dexmedetomidine-induced electroencephalogram dynamics using spectral and coherence analysis. Anesthesiology. 2014;121(5):978–89.

Jarzyna D, Jungquist CR, Pasero C, Willens JS, Nisbet A, Oakes L, Dempsey SJ, Santangelo D, Polomano RC. American society for pain management nyrsing guidelines on monitoring for opioid-induced sedation and respiratory depression. Pain Manag Nurs. 2011;12(3):118–45.

Pasero C. The perianesthesia nurse’s role in the prevention of opioid-related sentinel events. J Perianesth Nurs. 2013;48(1):31–7.

Mather LE. Opioids: a pharmacologist’s delight clin. Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 1995;22(11):833–6.

Smith H. The metabolism of opioid agents and the clinical impact of their active metabolites. Clin J Pain. 2011;27(9):824–38.

Dong CS, Lu Y, Zhang J, Sun P, Yu JM, Wu C, Lu Q. The optimal dose of Dexmedetomidine added to an sufentanil-based analgesic regimen for postoperative pain control in spine surgery: a probit analysis study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016;95(39):e4776.

Funal Y, Pickering AE, Uta D, Nishikawa K, Mori T, Asada A, Imoto K, Furue H. Systemic Dexmedetomidine augments inhibitory synaptic transmission in the superficial dorsal horn through activation of descending noradrenergic control: an in vivo patch-clamp analysis of analgesic mechanism. Pain. 2014;155(3):617–28.

Iirola T, Aantaa R, Laitio R, Kentala E, Lahtinen M, Wighton A, Garratt C, Ahtola-Satila T, Olkkola KT. Pharmacokinetics of prolonged infusion of high-dose Dexmedetomidine in critically ill patients. Crit Care. 2011;15:R257.

Ueki M, Kawasaki T, Habe K, Hamada K, Kawasaki C, Sata T. The effects of Dexmedetomidine on inflammatory mediators after cardiopulmonary bypass. Anaesthesia. 2014;69(7):693–70.

Kang SH, Kim YS, Hong TH, Chae MS, Cho ML, Her YM, Lee J. Effects of Dexmedetomidine on inflammatory responses in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2013;57(4):480–7.

Wang ZX, Huang CY, Hua YP, Huang WQ, Deng LH, Liu KX. Dexmedetomidine reduces intestinal and hepatic injury after hepatectomy with inflow occlusion under general anaesthesia: a randomized controlled trail. Br J Anaesth. 2014;112(6):1055–64.