Ectopic Fat and Insulin Resistance: Pathophysiology and Effect of Diet and Lifestyle Interventions

International Journal of Endocrinology - Tập 2012 - Trang 1-18 - 2012
Marieke Snel1, Jacqueline T. Jonker1, Jan W. Schoones2, Hildo J. Lamb3, Albert de Roos3, Hanno Pijl1, Johannes W. A. Smit1, A E Meinders1, Ingrid M. Jazet1
1Departments of Endocrinology & Metabolism and General Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
2Walaeus Library, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
3Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600; 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands

Tóm tắt

The storage of triglyceride (TG) droplets in nonadipose tissues is called ectopic fat storage. Ectopic fat is associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Not the triglycerides per se but the accumulation of intermediates of lipid metabolism in organs, such as the liver, skeletal muscle, and heart seem to disrupt metabolic processes and impair organ function. We describe the mechanisms of ectopic fat depositions in the liver, skeletal muscle, and in and around the heart and the consequences for each organs function. In addition, we systematically reviewed the literature for the effects of diet-induced weight loss and exercise on ectopic fat depositions.

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International Journal of Endocrinology

Tập 2012

1-18

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