Các đặc điểm trong môi trường vật lý có ảnh hưởng đến hoạt động thể chất của trẻ em? Một tổng quan tài liệu

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 3 - Trang 1-17 - 2006
Kirsten Krahnstoever Davison1, Catherine T Lawson2
1Department of Health Policy, Management and Behavior, University at Albany (SUNY), Albany, USA
2Department of Geography and Planning, University at Albany (SUNY), Albany, USA

Tóm tắt

Nhiều thanh thiếu niên hiện nay không tích cực tham gia các hoạt động thể chất. Sự chú ý gần đây liên kết môi trường vật lý hoặc xây dựng với hoạt động thể chất ở người lớn gợi ý việc điều tra mối quan hệ giữa môi trường xây dựng và hoạt động thể chất ở trẻ em có thể hướng dẫn các chiến lược can thiệp phù hợp. Ba mươi ba nghiên cứu định lượng đã đánh giá mối liên hệ giữa môi trường vật lý (được nhận thức hoặc đo lường khách quan) và hoạt động thể chất ở trẻ em (từ 3 đến 18 tuổi) và đáp ứng các tiêu chí lựa chọn đã được xem xét. Các phát hiện được phân loại và thảo luận theo ba chiều kích của môi trường vật lý bao gồm cơ sở hạ tầng giải trí, cơ sở hạ tầng giao thông và điều kiện địa phương. Kết quả từ các nghiên cứu khác nhau cho thấy rằng sự tham gia của trẻ em vào hoạt động thể chất có liên quan tích cực với cơ sở hạ tầng giải trí do công cộng cung cấp (truy cập vào các cơ sở giải trí và trường học) và cơ sở hạ tầng giao thông (sự hiện diện của vỉa hè và các giao lộ có kiểm soát, truy cập đến các điểm đến và phương tiện công cộng). Đồng thời, cơ sở hạ tầng giao thông (số lượng đường cần băng qua và mật độ/tốc độ giao thông) và điều kiện địa phương (tội phạm, sự thiếu thốn trong khu vực) có liên quan tiêu cực đến sự tham gia hoạt động thể chất của trẻ em. Các kết quả làm nổi bật mối liên hệ giữa môi trường vật lý và hoạt động thể chất của trẻ em. Nghiên cứu bổ sung sử dụng phương pháp xuyên ngành và đánh giá các biến điều chỉnh và trung gian là cần thiết để thông báo một cách hợp lý các nỗ lực chính sách.

Từ khóa

#môi trường vật lý #hoạt động thể chất #trẻ em #nghiên cứu định lượng #can thiệp chính sách

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