Continuous electronic data capture of physiology, behavior and experience in real life: towards ecological momentary assessment of emotion

Alpers, G.W., Wilhelm, F.H., Roth, W.T., in press. Psychophysiological measures during exposure in driving phobic patients. Journal of Abnormal Psychology. Berntson, 1991, Autonomic determinism: the modes of autonomic control, the doctrine of autonomic space, and the laws of autonomic constraint, Psychological Review, 98, 459, 10.1037/0033-295X.98.4.459 Berntson, 1994, Autonomic cardiac control. III. Psychological stress and cardiac response in autonomic space as revealed by pharmacological blockades, Psychophysiology, 31, 599, 10.1111/j.1469-8986.1994.tb02352.x Bloch, 1999, Inductance cardiography (thoracocardiography): a novel, noninvasive technique for monitoring left ventricular filling, Journal of Critical Care, 14, 177, 10.1016/S0883-9441(99)90032-1 Boiten, 1994, Emotions and respiratory patterns: review and critical analysis, International Journal of Psychophysiology, 17, 103, 10.1016/0167-8760(94)90027-2 Chadha, 1982, Validation of respiratory inductive plethysmography using different calibration procedures, American Review of Respiratory Disease, 125, 644 Chadha, 1984, Breathing pattern during induced bronchoconstriction, Journal of Applied Physiology: Respiratory, Environmental & Exercise Physiology, 56, 1053, 10.1152/jappl.1984.56.4.1053 Cohen, 1992, Clinical manifestations of inspiratory muscle fatigue, American Journal of Medicine, 73, 308, 10.1016/0002-9343(82)90711-2 Coyle, 2003, Validation of an autoscoring algorithm to detect obstructive sleep apnea, Sleep, 26, A395 Coyle, 2003, Validation of an ambulatory non-invasive cardio-respiratory monitoring system to detect obstructive sleep apnea, American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 167, A404 Fahrenberg, 1997, Assessment of posture and motion by multichannel piezoresistive accelerometer recordings, Psychophysiology, 34, 607, 10.1111/j.1469-8986.1997.tb01747.x Gonzalez, 1984, Accuracy of respiratory inductive plethysmograph over wide range of rib cage and abdominal compartmental contributions to tidal volume in normal subjects and in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, American Review of Respiratory Disease, 130, 171, 10.1164/arrd.1984.130.2.171 Grossman, 1983, Respiration, stress, and cardiovascular function, Psychophysiology, 20, 284, 10.1111/j.1469-8986.1983.tb02156.x Grossman, 1993, Respiratory sinus arrhythmia, cardiac vagal tone, and respiration: within- and between-individual relations, Psychophysiology, 30, 486, 10.1111/j.1469-8986.1993.tb02072.x Grossman, 1986, Respiratory sinus arrhythmia and parasympathetic cardiac control: some basic issues concerning quantification, applications and implications, 117 Grossman, 2001, How breathing adjusts to mental and physical demands, 43 Grossman, 1990, Paced respiratory sinus arrhythmia as an index of cardiac parasympathetic tone during varying behavioral tasks, Psychophysiology, 27, 404, 10.1111/j.1469-8986.1990.tb02335.x Grossman, 1990, A comparison of three quantification methods for estimation of respiratory sinus arrhythmia, Psychophysiology, 27, 702, 10.1111/j.1469-8986.1990.tb03198.x Grossman, 1991, Prediction of tonic parasympathetic cardiac control using respiratory sinus arrhythmia: The need for respiratory control, Psychophysiology, 28, 201, 10.1111/j.1469-8986.1991.tb00412.x Grossman, 2004, Respiratory sinus arrhythmia, cardiac vagal control and daily activity, American Journal of Physiology, 287, H728 Hill, 1982 Hirsch, 1981, Respiratory sinus arrhythmia in humans: How breathing pattern modulates heart rate, American Journal of Physiology, 241, H620 Johannigman, 1997, Use of the rapid/shallow breathing index as an indicator of patient work of breathing during pressure support ventilation, Surgery, 122, 737, 10.1016/S0039-6060(97)90081-7 Kamath, 1987, Heart rate variability power spectrogram as a potential noninvasive signature of cardiac regulatory system response, mechanisms, and disorders, Heart Vessels, 3, 33, 10.1007/BF02073645 Keenan, 2005, Adaptive and wavelet filtering methods for improving accuracy of respiratory measurement, Biomedical Sciences Instrumentation, 41, 37 Keenan, 2005, Classification of locomotor activity by acceleration measurement: validation in Parkinson disease, Biomedical Sciences Instrumentation, 41, 329 Kouakam, 1999, Inadequate sympathovagal balance in response to orthostatism in patients with unexplained syncope and a positive head up tilt test, Heart, 82, 312, 10.1136/hrt.82.3.312 Lang, 1978, Anxiety: toward a psychophysiological definition, 265 Lang, 1995, The emotion probe: studies of motivation and attention, American Psychologist, 50, 372, 10.1037/0003-066X.50.5.372 Loube, 1999, Accuracy of respiratory inductive plethysmography for the diagnosis of upper airway resistance syndrome, Chest, 115, 1333, 10.1378/chest.115.5.1333 Maheu, 2005 Milic-Emili, 1982, Recent advances in clinical assessment of control of breathing, Lung, 160, 1, 10.1007/BF02719267 Miller, 1991, Exaggerated sympathetic nervous system response to extended psychological stress in offspring of hypertensives, Psychophysiology, 28, 103, 10.1111/j.1469-8986.1991.tb03395.x Myrtek, 1984 Picard, 1997 Picard, 2001, Toward machine emotional intelligence: analysis of affective physiological state, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 23, 1175, 10.1109/34.954607 Quigley, 2002, Cardiovascular patterns associated with threat and challenge appraisals: a within-subjects analysis, Psychophysiology, 39, 292, 10.1017/S0048577201393046 Ritz, 2002, Airway response of healthy individuals to affective picture series, International Journal of Psychophysiology, 46, 67, 10.1016/S0167-8760(02)00040-5 Sackner, 1980, Non-invasive measurement of ventilation during exercise using a respiratory inductive plethysmograph. I, American Review of Respiratory Disease, 122, 867 Sackner, 1989, Calibration of respiratory inductive plethysmograph during natural breathing, Journal of Applied Physiology, 66, 410, 10.1152/jappl.1989.66.1.410 Sackner, 1991, Thoracocardiography. Part 1. Noninvasive measurement of changes in stroke volume comparisons to thermodilution, Chest, 99, 613, 10.1378/chest.99.3.613 Saul, 1989, Transfer function analysis of autonomic regulation. II. Respiratory sinus arrhythmia, American Journal of Physiology, 256, H153 Schleifer, 1994, End-tidal pCO2 as an index of psychophysiological activity during VDT data-entry work and relaxation, Ergonomics, 37, 245, 10.1080/00140139408963642 Shiffman, 2000, Real-time self-report of momentary states in the natural environment: computerized ecological momentary assessment, 277 Stein, 1995, Irregular breathing patterns during sleep in patients with panic disorder, American Journal of Psychiatry, 152, 1168, 10.1176/ajp.152.8.1168 Sterling, 1988, Allostasis: a new paradigm to explain arousal pathology, 629 Teicher, 1995, Actigraphy and motion analysis: new tools for psychiatry, Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 3, 18, 10.3109/10673229509017161 Tobin, 1983, Breathing patterns. 1. Normal subjects, Chest, 84, 202, 10.1378/chest.84.2.202 Tomaka, 1997, Cognitive and physiological antecedents of threat and challenge appraisal, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73, 63, 10.1037/0022-3514.73.1.63 Van Diest, 2001, Hyperventilation beyond fight/flight: respiratory responses during emotional imagery, Psychophysiology, 38, 961, 10.1111/1469-8986.3860961 Waggener, 1984, Strength and cycle time of high-altitude ventilatory patterns in unacclimatized humans, Journal of Applied Physiology: Respiratory, Environmental & Exercise Physiology, 56, 576, 10.1152/jappl.1984.56.3.576 Weiss, 1980, Pulse transit time in the analysis of autonomic nervous system effects on the cardiovascular system, Psychophysiology, 17, 202, 10.1111/j.1469-8986.1980.tb00136.x Wientjes, 1992, Respiration in psychophysiology: methods and applications, Biological Psychology, 34, 179, 10.1016/0301-0511(92)90015-M Wilhelm, 1993, Exam 2.0: a program to visualize, edit and analyze large vectors of data, with application to biomedical engineering Wilhelm, 1996, Ambulatory assessment of clinical anxiety, 317 Wilhelm, 1997, Acute and delayed effects of alprazolam on flight phobics during exposure, Behaviour Research and Therapy, 35, 831, 10.1016/S0005-7967(97)00033-8 Wilhelm, 1998, Taking the laboratory to the skies: ambulatory assessment of self- report, autonomic, and respiratory responses in flying phobia, Psychophysiology, 35, 596, 10.1017/S0048577298970196 Wilhelm, 1998, Trusting computerized data reduction too much: a critique of Anderson's ambulatory respiratory monitor, Biological Psychology, 49, 215, 10.1016/S0301-0511(98)00036-2 Wilhelm, 1998, Using minute ventilation for ambulatory estimation of additional heart rate, Biological Psychology, 49, 137, 10.1016/S0301-0511(98)00032-5 Wilhelm, 2001, The somatic symptom paradox in DSM-IV anxiety disorders: suggestions for a clinical focus in psychophysiology, Biological Psychology, 57, 105, 10.1016/S0301-0511(01)00091-6 Wilhelm, 1999, Analysis of cardiovascular regulation, Biomedical Sciences Instrumentation, 35, 135 Wilhelm, 2001, Respiratory pathophysiology of clinical anxiety outside the laboratory: assessment of end-tidal pCO2, respiratory pattern variability, and transfer function RSA, 313 Wilhelm, 2001, Slow recovery from voluntary hyperventilation in panic disorder, Psychosomatic Medicine, 63, 638, 10.1097/00006842-200107000-00017 Wilhelm, 2001, Respiratory dysregulation in anxiety, functional cardiac, and pain disorders: assessment, phenomenology, and treatment, Behavior Modification, 513, 10.1177/0145445501254003 Wilhelm, 2001, Social anxiety and response to touch: incongruence between self-evaluative and physiological reactions, Biological Psychology, 58, 181, 10.1016/S0301-0511(01)00113-2 Wilhelm, 2001, Characteristics of sighing in panic disorder, Biological Psychiatry, 49, 606, 10.1016/S0006-3223(00)01014-3 Wilhelm, 2001, Physiological instability in panic disorder and generalized anxiety disorder, Biological Psychiatry, 49, 596, 10.1016/S0006-3223(00)01000-3 Wilhelm, 2003, Detection of speaking with a new respiratory inductive plethysmography system, Biomedical Sciences Instrumentation, 39, 136 Wilhelm, 2004, Improving estimation of cardiac vagal tone during spontaneous breathing using a paced breathing calibration, Biomedical Sciences Instrumentation, 40, 317 Wilhelm, 2005, Assessment of heart rate variability during alterations in stress: complex demodulation vs. spectral analysis, Biomedical Sciences Instrumentation, 41, 346