Computed Tomography Perfusion is a Useful Adjunct to Computed Tomography Angiography in the Diagnosis of Brain Death

Wijdicks EF, Varelas PN, Gronseth GS, Greer DM, American Academy of Neurology. Evidence-based guideline update: determining brain death in adults: report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology. 2010;74(23):1911–8.

Taylor T, Dineen RA, Gardiner DC, Buss CH, Howatson A, Pace NL. Computed tomography (CT) angiography for confirmation of the clinical diagnosis of brain death. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014 Mar 31;(3):CD009694.

Kramer AH, Roberts DJ. Computed tomography angiography in the diagnosis of brain death: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurocrit Care. 2014;21(3):539–50.

Sawicki M, Bohatyrewicz R, Safranow K, Walecka A, Walecki J, Rowinski O, Solek-Pastuszka J, Czajkowski Z, Marzec-Lewenstein E, Motyl K, Przybyl W, Czarnecka A. Dynamic evaluation of stasis filling phenomenon with computed tomography in diagnosis of brain death. Neuroradiology. 2013;55(9):1061–9.

Shankar JJ, Vandorpe R. CT perfusion for confirmation of brain death. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2013;34(6):1175–9.

Sawicki M, Bohatyrewicz R, Safranow K, Walecka A, Walecki J, Rowinski O, Solek-Pastuszka J, Czajkowski Z, Guzinski M, Burzynska M, Wojczal J. Computed tomographic angiography criteria in the diagnosis of brain death-comparison of sensitivity and interobserver reliability of different evaluation scales. Neuroradiology. 2014;56(8):609–20.

Smit EJ, Vonken EJ, van der Schaaf IC, Mendrik AM, Dankbaar JW, Horsch AD, van Seeters T, van Ginneken B, Prokop M. Timing-invariant reconstruction for deriving high-quality CT angiographic data from cerebral CT perfusion data. Radiology. 2012;263(1):216–25.

Leclerc X, Taschner CA, Vidal A, Strecker G, Savage J, Gauvrit JY, Pruvo JP. The role of spiral CT for the assessment of the intracranial circulation in suspected brain-death. J Neuroradiol. 2006;33(2):90–5.

Machado C, Korein J, Ferrer Y, Portela L, García M de la C, Chinchilla M, Machado Y, Machado Y, Manero JM. The Declaration of Sydney on human death. J Med Ethics. 2007;33(12):699–703.

Sawicki M, Bohatyrewicz R, Walecka A, Sołek-Pastuszka J, Rowiński O, Walecki J. CT angiography in the diagnosis of brain death. Pol J Radiol. 2014;79:417–21.

Sawicki M, Sołek-Pastuszka J, Jurczyk K, Skrzywanek P, Guziński M, Czajkowski Z, Mańko W, Burzyńska M, Safranow K, Poncyljusz W, Walecka A, Rowiński O, Walecki J, Bohatyrewicz R. Original protocol using computed tomographic angiography for diagnosis of brain death: a better alternative to standard two-phase technique? Ann Transplant. 2015;20:449–60.

Lanfermann H, Schober O. Imaging of irreversible loss of brain function. Rofo. 2016;188(1):23–6.

Societe Francaise de Neuroradiologie, Societe Francaise de Radiologie, Agence de la Biomedecine. Recommendations on diagnostic criteria of brain death by the technique of CT angiography. J Neuroradiol. 2011;38(1):36–9.

Uwano I, Kudo K, Sasaki M, Christensen S, Østergaard L, Ogasawara K, Ogawa A. CT and MR perfusion can discriminate severe cerebral hypoperfusion from perfusion absence: evaluation of different commercial software packages by using digital phantoms. Neuroradiology. 2012;54(5):467–74.

Riordan AJ, Bennink E, Dankbaar JW, Viergever MA, Velthuis BK, Smit EJ, de Jong HW. Comparison of Partial Volume Effects in Arterial and Venous Contrast Curves in CT Brain Perfusion Imaging. PLoS One. 2014;9(5):e97586.