Child sexual abuse unmasked due to vaginal foreign body: case review

Stoltenborgh M, Van Ijzendoorn MH, Euser EM, Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ. A global perspective on child sexual abuse: meta-analysis of prevalence around the world. Child Maltreat. 2011;16(2):79–101. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077559511403920.

Abeynaike R, Shajehan R. New police database documents violence against women and children in Sri Lanka. The Asia Foundation. 2017. https://asiafoundation.org/2017/11/29/new-police-database-documents-violence-women-children-sri-lanka/. Accessed 26 Mar 2022.

UNICEF for Every Child. Sexual violence. UNICEF. 2021. https://data.unicef.org/topic/child-protection/violence/sexual-violence/#:~:text=In%20one%2Dthird%20of%20countries,unsettling%20of%20children's%20rights%20violations. Accessed 26 Mar 2022.

Selengia V, Thuy HNT, Mushi D. Prevalence and patterns of child sexual abuse in selected countries of Asia and Africa: a review of literature. Open J Soc Sci. 2020;8(9):146–60. https://doi.org/10.4236/jss.2020.89010.

Pereda N, Guilera G, Forns M, Gómez-Benito J. The international epidemiology of child sexual abuse: a continuation of Finkelhor (1994). Child Abuse Negl. 2009;33(6):331–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2008.07.007.

Miles GM. “Children don’t do sex with adults for pleasure”: Sri Lankan children’s views on sex and sexual exploitation. Child Abuse Negl. 2000;24(7):995–1003. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0145-2134(00)00152-6.

Fernando A, Karunasekera W. Juvenile victimisation in a group of young Sri Lankan adults. Ceylon Med J. 2009;54(3). https://doi.org/10.4038/cmj.v54i3.1200.

Chandraratne NK, Fernando AD, Gunawardena N. Physical, sexual and emotional abuse during childhood: experiences of a sample of Sri Lankan Young adults. Child Abuse Negl. 2018;81:214–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2018.05.004.

Chinawa JM, Obu HA, Uwaezuoke SN. Foreign body in vagina: an uncommon cause of vaginitis in children. Ann Med Health Sci Res. 2013;3(1):102–4. https://doi.org/10.4103/2141-9248.109463.

Shiryazdi SM, Heiranizadeh N, Soltani HR. Rectorrhagia and vaginal discharge caused by a vaginal foreign body–a case report and review of literature. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2013;26(3):e73–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpag.2013.01.001.

Simon DA, Berry S, Brannian J, Hansen K. Recurrent, purulent vaginal discharge associated with longstanding presence of a foreign body and vaginal stenosis. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2003;16(6):361–3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpag.2003.09.006.

Nayak S, Witchel SF, Sanfilippo JS. Vaginal foreign body: a delayed diagnosis. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2014;27(6):e127–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpag.2013.10.006.

Deligeoroglou E, Deliveliotou A, Laggari V, Tsimaris P, Creatsas G. Vaginal foreign body in childhood: a multidisciplinary approach. J Paediatr Child Health. 2006;42(10):649–51. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1754.2006.00945.x.

Herman-Giddens ME. Vaginal foreign bodies and child sexual abuse. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1994;148(2):195–200. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.1994.02170020081014.

Gupta R, Patidar BL. Vaginal foreign body in a child: sexual abuse or sibling prank? Med J Dr DY Patil Vidyapeeth. 2019;12(2):157–9. https://doi.org/10.4103/mjdrdypu.mjdrdypu_46_18.

Dahiya P, Sangwan K, Khosla A, Seth N. Foreign body in vagina-an uncommon cause of vaginitis in children. Indian J Pediatr. 1999;66(3):466–7. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02845543.

Stricker T, Navratil F, Sennhauser F. Vaginal foreign bodies. J Pediatr Child Health. 2004;40(4):205–7. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1754.2004.00338.x.

McGreal S, Wood P. Recurrent vaginal discharge in children. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2013;26:205–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpag.2011.12.065.

Benjamin F, Guillaume AJ, Chao LP, Jean GA. Vaginal smuggling of illicit drug: a case requiring obstetric forceps for removal of the drug container. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1994;171(5):1385–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(94)90168-6.

Kashani J, Ruha AM. Methamphetamine toxicity secondary to intravaginal body stuffing. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 2004;42(7):987–9. https://doi.org/10.1081/CLT-200042554.

Closson FT, Lichenstein R. Vaginal foreign bodies and child sexual abuse: an important consideration. West J Emerg Med. 2013;14(5):437–9. https://doi.org/10.5811/westjem.2013.1.13347.

Sherrard J, Wilson J, Donders G, Mendling W, Jensen JS. 2018 European (IUSTI/WHO) International Union against sexually transmitted infections (IUSTI) World Health Organisation (WHO) guideline on the management of vaginal discharge. Int J STD AIDS. 2018;29(13):1258–72. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956462418785451.

De Bellis MD, Spratt EG, Hooper SR. Neurodevelopmental biology associated with childhood sexual abuse. J Child Sex Abus. 2011;20(5):548–87. https://doi.org/10.1080/10538712.2011.607753.

Soylu N, Alpaslan AH, Ayaz M, Esenyel S, Oruç M. Psychiatric disorders and characteristics of abuse in sexually abused children and adolescents with and without intellectual disabilities. Res Dev Disabil. 2013;34(12):4334–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2013.09.010.

Martinello E. Reviewing strategies for risk reduction of sexual abuse of children with intellectual disabilities: a focus on early intervention. Sex Disabil. 2014;32(2):167–74. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11195-014-9345-9.

Vadysinghe AN, Dassanayaka PB, Sivasubramanium M, Senasinghe DPP, Samaranayake AN, Wickramasinghe WMMHP. A study on sexual violence inflicted on individuals with intellectual developmental disorder. Disabil Health J. 2017;10(3):451–4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dhjo.2016.12.010.

Wissink IB, Van Vugt E, Moonen X, Stams GJM, Hendriks J. Sexual abuse involving children with an intellectual disability (ID): a narrative review. Res Dev Disabil. 2015;36:20–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2014.09.007.

Caffaro-Rouget A, Lang RA, Van Santen V. The impact of child sexual abuse on victims’ adjustment. Ann Sex Res. 1989;2(1):29–47. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00850678.

Mullen PE, Martin JL, Anderson JC, Romans SE, Herbison GP. Childhood sexual abuse and mental health in adult life. Brit J Psychiat. 1993;163(6):721–32. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.163.6.721.

Noll JG. Sexual abuse of children—unique in its effects on development? Child Abuse Negl. 2008;32(6):603–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2007.09.008.