Biological effects of propionic acid in humans; metabolism, potential applications and underlying mechanisms

Saad Al-Lahham1,2, Maikel P. Peppelenbosch3, Han Roelofsen1, Roel J. Vonk1, Koen Venema4,2
1Centre for Medical Biomics, University Medical Centre of Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
2Top Institute Food and Nutrition, Nieuwe Kanaal 9A, 6709 PA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
3Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
4TNO Quality of Life, Department of Biosciences, Utrechtseweg 48, 3704 HE, Zeist, The Netherlands

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