Are causes of police stress global?
Tóm tắt
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Aron, F. (1992), “An analysis of sources of police stress”, Master's Thesis, Russell Sage Collage, Albany, NY.
Barr, S.H., Brief, A.P. and Aldag, R.J. (1978), Measurement of Perceived Task Characteristics, College of Business Administration, University of Iowa, Ames, IA.
Berg, A.M., Hem, E., Lau, B., Haseth, K. and Ekeberg, O. (2005), “Stress in the Norwegian police service”, Occupational Medicine, Vol. 55, pp. 113‐20.
Bennet, R.R. (1997), “Job satisfaction among police constables: a comparative study in three developing nations”, Justice Quarterly, Vol. 14, pp. 295‐323.
Brooks, L.W. and Piquero, N.L. (1998), “Police stress: does department size matter”, Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, Vol. 21, pp. 600‐15.
Brown, J.A. and Campbell, E.A. (1990), “Sources of occupational stressing police”, Work and Stress, Vol. 4, pp. 305‐18.
Brown, J.A. and Campbell, E.A. (1994), Stress and Policing: Sources and Strategies, John Wiley, New York, NY.
Comman, G. and Evans, B. (1991), “Stressors facing Australian police in the 1990s”, Police Studies, Vol. 14, pp. 153‐65.
Conroy, D.L. and Hess, K.M. (1992), Officers at Risk: How to Identify and Cope with Stress, Custom Publishing Co, Placerville, CA.
Crank, J.P. (1997), Understanding Police Culture, Anderson Publishing, Cincinnati, OH.
Crank, J.P. and Caldero, M. (1999), Police Ethics: The Corruption of Noble Cause, Anderson Publishing, Cincinnati, OH.
Crank, J.P. and Caldero, M. (1991), “The production of occupational stress in medium‐sized police agencies: a survey of line officers in eight municipal departments”, Journal of Criminal Justice, Vol. 19, pp. 339‐49.
Cullen, F.T., Link, B.T., Travis, L.F. and Lemming, T. (1983), “Paradox in policing: a note on perceptions of dangers”, Journal of Police Science and Administration, Vol. 11, pp. 457‐62.
Davidson, M.J. and Veno, A. (1979), “Police stress in Australia: a current perspective”, Australian and New Zealand Journal of Criminology, Vol. 12, pp. 153‐61.
Davidson, M.J. and Veno, A. (1978), “Police stress: a multicultural, interdisciplinary review and perspective”, Abstracts on Police Science, Vol. 6, pp. 187‐99.
Derogatis, L. and Melisaratos, N. (1983), “The brief symptom inventory: an introductory report”, Psychological Medicine, Vol. 13, pp. 595‐605.
Derogatis, L. and Savitz, K. (1999), “The SCL‐90‐R, brief symptom inventory and matching clinical rating scales”, in Maruish, M. (Ed.), The Use Psychological Testing for Treatment, Planning and Outcomes Assessment, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc., Mahwah, NJ, pp. 1‐43.
Derogatis, L. and DellaPietra, L. (1994), “Psychological tests in screening psychiatric disorder”, in Maruish, M. (Ed.), The Use Psychological Testing for Treatment, Planning and Outcomes Assessment, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc., Mahwah, NJ, pp. 34‐47.
Ellison, K. (2004), Stress and the Police Officer, Charles C. Thomas, Springfield, IL.
Golembiewski, R. and Kim, B. (1991), “Burnout in police work: stressors, strain, and the phase model”, Police Studies, Vol. 14, pp. 74‐80.
Hackman, J.R.. and Oldham, G.R. (1980), Work Redesign, Addison‐Wesley, Reading, MA.
He, N., Zhao, J. and Archbold, C.A. (2002), “Gender and police stress: the convergent and divergent impact of work environment, work‐family conflict, and stress coping mechanisms of female and male police officers”, Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, Vol. 25, pp. 687‐708.
Jaramillo, F., Nixon, R. and Sams, D. (2004), “The effect of law enforcement stress on organizational commitment”, Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, Vol. 28, pp. 321‐36.
Jex, S.M. and Beehr, T.A. (1991), “Emerging theoretical and methodological issues in the study of work‐related stress”, Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management, Vol. 9, pp. 311‐65.
Kanter, R. (1977), Men and Women of the Corporation, Basic Books, New York, NY.
Kirkcaldy, B., Siefen, G. Eysenck, M. and Furnham, A. (1998), “Gender, anxiety and self image”, Personality and Individual Differences, Vol. 24 No. 5, pp. 677‐684.
Krimmel, J.T. and Gormley, P.E. (2003), “Tokenism and job satisfaction for policewomen”, American Journal of Criminal Justice, Vol. 28, pp. 73‐88.
Kroes, W. (1986), Society's Victim: The Police Officer, Charles C. Thomas, Springfield, IL.
Kroes, W.H. and Gould, S. (1982), “Job stress in policemen: an empirical study”, Police Stress, Vol. 1, pp. 9‐10.
Laufersweler‐Dwyer, D.L. and Dwyer, R.G. (2000), “Profiling those impacted by organizational stressors at the macro, intermediate and micro levels of several police agencies”, The Justice Professional, Vol. 12, pp. 443‐69.
Lawrence, R.A. (1984), “Police stress and personality factors: a conceptual model”, Journal of Criminal Justice, Vol. 12, pp. 247‐63.
Lee, S. (2002), “A study of Korean police sergeants' stress”, International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice, Vol. 26, pp. 85‐99.
Lim, V.K. and Teo, T.S. (1998), “Effects of individual characteristics on police officers' work related attitudes”, Journal of Managerial Psychology, Vol. 13, pp. 334‐42.
Malloy, T.E. and Mays, G.L. (1984), “The police stress hypothesis: a critical evaluation”, Criminal Justice and Behavior, Vol. 11, pp. 197‐224.
Martelli, T., Waters, L. and Martelli, J. (1989), “The police stress survey: reliability and relation to job satisfaction and organizational commitment”, Psychological Reports, Vol. 64, pp. 267‐73.
Morash, M., Haarr, R. and Kwak, D. (2006), “Multilevel influences on police stress”, Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, Vol. 22, pp. 26‐43.
Newman, D.W. and Rucker‐Reed, M.L. (2004), “Police stress, state‐trait anxiety, and stressors among US Marshals”, Journal of Criminal Justice, Vol. 32, pp. 631‐41.
Petrone, S. and Reiser, M. (1985), “A home visit program for stressed police officers”, The Police Chief, Vol. 52, pp. 36‐7.
Reiser, M. (1974), “Some organizational stressors on police officers”, Journal of Police Science and Administration, Vol. 2, pp. 156‐9.
Reese, J. (1986), “Policing the violent society: the American experience”, Stress Medicine, Vol. 2, pp. 233‐40.
Sager, J.K. and Wilson, P.H. (1994), “Clarification of the meaning of job stress in the context of salesforce research”, Journal of Personal Selling and Sales Management, Vol. 15, pp. 51‐64.
Smith, P.C., Kendall, L.M. and Hullin, C.L. (1969), The Measurement of Satisfaction in Work and Retirement, Rand McNally, Chicago, IL.
Spielberger, C., Westberry, L., Grier, K. and Greefield, G. (1981), The Police Stress Survey: Sources of Stressing Law Enforcement, Human resources Institute, Tampa, FL.
Skolnick, J.H. (1999), Ideas in American Policing: On Democratic Policing, Police Foundation, Washington, DC.
Stansfield, R.T. (1996), Issues in Policing: A Canadian Perspective, Thompson Educational Publishing, Toronto.
Storch, J.E. and Panzarelle, R. (1996), “Police stress: State‐trait anxiety in relation to occupational and personal stressors”, Journal of Criminal Justice, Vol. 24, pp. 99‐107.
Swanson, C.R., Territo, L. and Taylor, R.W. (1998), Stress and Police Personnel. Police Administration: Structures, Processes and Behavior, 4th ed., Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
Turkish National Police (2005), Crime Statistics, available at: www.egm.gov.tr/akkm/index_dosyalar/istatistik.htm (accessed 30 September 2006).
Violanti, J. (1985), “The police stress process”, Journal of Police Science and Administration.
Violanti, J.M. and Aron, F. (1995), “Police stressors: variations in perception among police personnel”, Journal of Criminal Justice, Vol. 23, pp. 287‐94.
Violanti, J.M. and Aron, F. (1994), “Ranking police stressors”, Psychological Reports, Vol. 75, pp. 824‐30.
Violanti, J.M. and Aron, F. (1993), “Sources of police stressors, job attitudes, and psychological distress”, Psychological Reports, Vol. 72, pp. 899‐904.
Yesilorman, M. (2003), “Stress on police officers and stress management”, Journal of Police Studies, Vol. 5, pp. 91‐120.
Webb, S.D. and Smith, D.L. (1980), “Police stress: AA conceptual overview”, Journal of Criminal Justice, Vol. 8, pp. 251‐7.
Winfree, L.T. and Taylor, T.J. (2004), “Rural, small town, and metropolitan police in New Zealand: Differential outlooks on policing within a unified police organization”, Policing: An international Journal of Police Strategies & Management, Vol. 27, pp. 241‐63.
Zukauskas, G., Dapsys, K., Jasmontatite, E. and Susinskas, J. (2001), “Some psychological problems of police officers in Lithuania”, Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, Vol. 24, pp. 301‐9.
Zhao, J., Lovrich, N.P., Gaffney, M.J., Smith, M. and Spokane, P.D. (2003), Commissioned Employee Survey: General Findings, Washington State University, Division of Departmental Studies and Services, Pullman, WA.
Zhao, J., He, N.P., Lovrich, N. and Cancino, J. (2003), “Marital status and police occupational stress”, Journal of Crime & Justice, Vol. 26, pp. 23‐46.
Zhao, J., He, N.P. and Lovrich, N. (2002), “Predicting five dimensions of police officer stress: looking more deeply into organizational settings for sources of police stress”, Police Quarterly, Vol. 5, pp. 43‐62.
Bittner, E. (1970), The Function of Police in Modern Society, Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.
Hale, W., Cockran, C. and Hedgepeth, B. (1984), “Norms for the elderly on the brief symptom inventory”, Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, Vol. 52, pp. 321‐2.
Turkish National Police Organization Act (1937).
TNP Health Department (2000), Department Stress and Coping Mechanisms, TNP Printing Office, Ankara.
