Vi khuẩn nội sinh Acinetobacter calcoaceticus Sasm3 tăng cường khả năng phục hồi môi trường của đất bị ô nhiễm nitrate–cadmium thông qua phương pháp trồng xen Sedum alfredii với cải dầu

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 22 - Trang 17625-17635 - 2015
Bao Chen1, Xiaoxiao Ma1, Guiqing Liu1, Xiaomeng Xu1, Fengshan Pan1, Jie Zhang1, Shengke Tian1, Ying Feng1, Xiaoe Yang1
1MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China

Tóm tắt

Hệ thống nông nghiệp chuyên canh với việc sử dụng phân bón cao dẫn đến sản lượng nông nghiệp cao. Tuy nhiên, việc bón phân quá mức trong hệ thống nông nghiệp chuyên canh có khả năng lớn dẫn đến sự tích tụ nitrate và kim loại nặng trong đất, điều này có hại cho sức khỏe con người. Mục tiêu chính của nghiên cứu hiện tại là quan sát tác động của việc trồng xen và sự nhiễm khuẩn của vi khuẩn nội sinh Acinetobacter calcoaceticus Sasm3 đối với khả năng phục hồi đất bị ô nhiễm kết hợp trong cây cải dầu (Brassica napus L.). Kết quả cho thấy rằng với sự nhiễm khuẩn Sasm3, sinh khối của cây cải dầu tăng 10–20% ở thân, 64% ở rễ, và 23–29% ở hạt trong khi sự tích tụ nitrate trong cải dầu giảm 14% ở rễ và 12% ở thân. Nồng độ cadmium trong cải dầu tăng đáng kể với điều trị nhiễm đơn, trong khi nó giảm đáng kể sau điều trị trồng xen. Bằng cách sử dụng phương pháp điện di gel gradient biến tính (DGGE) và phân tích PCR định lượng theo thời gian thực, sự đa dạng của cộng đồng vi khuẩn và số lượng bản sao gen nirS và nirK tăng lên đáng kể với việc nhiễm khuẩn hoặc/ và điều trị trồng xen. Kết luận, hệ thống trồng xen với vi khuẩn nội sinh Sasm3 không chỉ cải thiện hiệu quả loại bỏ cadmium khỏi đất mà còn không làm cản trở sản xuất nông nghiệp, mà còn nâng cao chất lượng cây trồng.

Từ khóa

#Vi khuẩn nội sinh #Acinetobacter calcoaceticus #phục hồi môi trường #đất ô nhiễm #nitrate #cadmium #trồng xen #cải dầu

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