A nitrogen footprint model to help consumers understand their role in nitrogen losses to the environment

Environmental Development - Tập 1 Số 1 - Trang 40-66 - 2012
Allison M. Leach1, James N. Galloway1, A. Bleeker2, J. W. Erisman2, R.A. Kohn3, Justin Kitzes4
1Environmental Sciences Department, University of Virginia; 291 McCormick Road, PO Box 400123, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
2Energy Research Center of the Netherlands, PO Box 1, 1755ZG Petten, Netherlands
3Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, Bldg 142, College Park, MD 20742, USA
4Department of Environmental Science, Policy, & Management, University of California, 130 Mulford Hall #3114, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Burke, 2008, A global model tracking water, nitrogen, and land inputs and virtual transfers from industrialized meat production and trade, Environmental Modeling & Assessment.

Balasubramanian, 2004, Crop, environmental and management factors affecting nitrogen use efficiency, 19

Bicknell, 1997, New methodology for the ecological footprint with an application to the New Zealand economy, Ecological Economics, 27, 149, 10.1016/S0921-8009(97)00136-5

Chesapeake Bay Foundation: Your Bay Footprint. Accessed 10 June 2011, 〈http://www.cbf.org/Page.aspx?pid=1136〉.

Cassman, 2002, Agroecosystems, nitrogen-use efficiency, and nitrogen management, Ambio, 31, 132, 10.1579/0044-7447-31.2.132

Erisman, 2008, How a century of ammonia synthesis changed the world, Nature Geoscience, 1, 636, 10.1038/ngeo325

European Environment Agency, 2005. National emissions reported to the Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution. Accessed 10 June 2011, 〈http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/data/national-emissions-reported-to-the-convention-on-long-range-transboundary-air-pollution-lrtap-convention-3〉.

Fissore, 2011, Carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus fluxes in household ecosystems in the Minneapolis-Saint Paul, Minnesota, urban region, Ecological Applications, 21, 619, 10.1890/10-0386.1

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Statistics. Accessed 15 June 2011, 〈http://faostat.fao.org/site/345/default.aspx〉.

Federatie Nederlandse Levensmiddelen Industrie, Guideline Implementation CIAA Voluntary Agreement Nutritional Value Labeling, 2007.

Galloway, 2002, Reactive nitrogen and the world: 200 years of change, Ambio, 31, 64, 10.1579/0044-7447-31.2.64

Galloway, 2003, The nitrogen cascade, Bioscience, 53, 341, 10.1641/0006-3568(2003)053[0341:TNC]2.0.CO;2

Galloway, 2007, International trade in meat—the tip of the pork chop, Ambio, 36, 622, 10.1579/0044-7447(2007)36[622:ITIMTT]2.0.CO;2

Galloway, 2008, Transformations of the nitrogen cycle: recent trends, questions and potential solutions, Science, 320, 889, 10.1126/science.1136674

Global Footprint Network. Accessed 2 June 2011, 〈http://www.footprintnetwork.org/〉.

Galli, 2011, Integrating ecological, carbon and water footprint into a “Footprint Family” of indicators: definition and role in tracking human pressure on the planet, Ecological Indicators.

Gorecki, 2006, The effect of sewage treatment plants on nitrogen and phosphorus loads transported by the Warta River in the Oborniki-Skwierzyna Stretch, Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 15, 271

Kantor, 1997, Estimating and addressing America's food losses, United States Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service: Food Review

Le Quéré, 2010, Trends in the land and ocean carbon uptake, Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 2, 219, 10.1016/j.cosust.2010.06.003

Miller, 2009

Oenema, 2009, Integrated assessment of promising measures to decrease nitrogen losses from agriculture in EU-27, Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 133, 280, 10.1016/j.agee.2009.04.025

Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. Accessed 27 June 2011, 〈http://www.oecd.org/document/3/0,3746,en_2649_34445_38071427_1_1_1_1,00.html〉.

Raun, 1999, Improving nitrogen use efficiency for cereal production, Agronomy Journal, 91, 357, 10.2134/agronj1999.00021962009100030001x

Sutton, 2011, Too much of a good thing, Nature, 472, 159, 10.1038/472159a

United States Environmental Protection Agency, 2011. Science Advisory Board, Reactive Nitrogen in the United States: An Analysis of Inputs, Flows, Consequences and Management Options, EPA-SAB-11-013, U.S. EPA Science Advisory Board, Washington, DC.

United States Department of Agriculture: Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion, 2002. How much are you eating? Dietary guidelines for Americans, Home and Garden Bulletin no. 267-1

United States Environmental Protection Agency, 2005. National Emissions Inventory Data and Documentation. Accessed 10 June 2011. 〈http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/net/2005inventory.html〉.

United Kingdom Office of National Statistics. Accessed 21 October 2010, 〈http://www.statistics.gov.uk/about/methodology_by_theme/inputoutput/〉.

UN Statistics Division, COICOP: Classification of Individual Consumption According to Purpose. Accessed 27 June 2011, 〈http://unstats.un.org/unsd/cr/registry/regcst.asp?Cl=5〉.

Unie van Waterschappen, 2006. Clean Waste Water: National Comparison of the Regional Water Authorities with Respect to their Water Quality Management (in Dutch).

Wackernagel, 1999, National natural capital accounting with the ecological footprint concept, Ecological Economics, 29, 375, 10.1016/S0921-8009(98)90063-5

Wackernagel, 2002, Tracking the ecological overshoot of the human economy, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 99, 9266, 10.1073/pnas.142033699

Wiedmann, 2006, Allocating ecological footprints to final consumption categories with input–output analysis, Ecological economics, 56, 28, 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2005.05.012

Xue, 2010, Eutrophication potential of food consumption patterns, Environmental Science & Technology, 44, 6450, 10.1021/es9034478