Robotic major hepatectomy: Is there a learning curve?

Kim, 2014, Long-term outcome of laparoscopic versus open liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma: a case-controlled study with propensity score matching, Surg Endosc, 28, 950, 10.1007/s00464-013-3254-3 Clavien, 2015, Consensus conference on laparoscopic liver resection: a jury-based evaluation, Ann Surg, 261, 630, 10.1097/SLA.0000000000001183 Antoniou, 2015, Volume and methodological quality of randomized controlled trials in laparoscopic surgery: assessment over a 10-year period, Am J Surg, 210, 922, 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2015.04.022 Jackson, 2015, The safety and efficacy of approaches to liver resection: a meta-analysis, JSLS, 19, 10.4293/JSLS.2014.00186 Giulianotti, 2003, Robotics in general surgery: personal experience in a large community hospital, Arch Surg, 138, 777, 10.1001/archsurg.138.7.777 Liang, 2014, Surgical technique of robotic D3 lymph node dissection around the inferior mesenteric artery with preservation of the left colic artery and autonomic nerves for the treatment of distal rectal cancer, Surg Endosc, 28, 1727, 10.1007/s00464-013-3340-6 Ocuin, 2015, Robotic liver resection for malignancy: current status, oncologic outcomes, comparison to laparoscopy, and future applications, J Surg Oncol, 112, 295, 10.1002/jso.23901 Komatsu, 2016, Laparoscopic versus open major hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma: a matched pair analysis, Surg Endosc, 30, 1965, 10.1007/s00464-015-4422-4 Hibi, 2016, Expanding indications and regional diversity in laparoscopic liver resection unveiled by the International Survey on Technical Aspects of Laparoscopic Liver Resection (INSTALL) study, Surg Endo, 30, 2975, 10.1007/s00464-015-4586-y Giulianotti, 2011, Totally robotic right hepatectomy: surgical technique and outcomes, Arch Surg, 146, 844, 10.1001/archsurg.2011.145 Kim, 2014, Robotic liver resection: a single surgeon's experience, Hepato-Gastroenterol, 61, 2062 Lovegrove, 1997, Monitoring the results of cardiac surgery by variable life-adjusted display, Lancet, 350, 1128, 10.1016/S0140-6736(97)06507-0 McCarter, 2000, Institutional and individual learning curves for focused abdominal ultrasound for trauma: cumulative sum analysis, Ann Surg, 231, 689, 10.1097/00000658-200005000-00009 Nomi, 2015, Learning curve for laparoscopic major hepatectomy, Br J Surg, 102, 796, 10.1002/bjs.9798 Wohl, 1977, The cusum plot: its utility in the analysis of clinical data, New Eng J Med, 296, 1044, 10.1056/NEJM197705052961806 Buell, 2009, The international position on laparoscopic liver surgery: the Louisville Statement, 2008, Ann Surg, 250, 825, 10.1097/SLA.0b013e3181b3b2d8 Strasberg, 2005, Nomenclature of hepatic anatomy and resections: a review of the Brisbane 2000 system, J Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surg, 12, 351, 10.1007/s00534-005-0999-7 Wu, 2014, Robotic-assisted minimally invasive liver resection, Asian J Surg, 37, 53, 10.1016/j.asjsur.2014.01.015 Dindo, 2004, Classification of surgical complications: a new proposal with evaluation in a cohort of 6336 patients and results of a survey, Ann Surg, 240, 205, 10.1097/01.sla.0000133083.54934.ae Ishizawa, 2009, Risk factors and management of ascites after liver resection to treat hepatocellular carcinoma, Arch Surg, 144, 46, 10.1001/archsurg.2008.511 Koch, 2011, Bile leakage after hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery: a definition and grading of severity by the International Study Group of Liver Surgery, Surgery, 149, 680, 10.1016/j.surg.2010.12.002 Koffron, 2007, Evaluation of 300 minimally invasive liver resections at a single institution: less is more, Ann Surg, 246, 385, 10.1097/SLA.0b013e318146996c Buell, 2008, Experience with more than 500 minimally invasive hepatic procedures, Ann Surg, 248, 475, 10.1097/SLA.0b013e318185e647 Nguyen, 2009, World review of laparoscopic liver resection—2,804 patients, Ann Surg, 250, 831, 10.1097/SLA.0b013e3181b0c4df Dagher, 2014, International experience for laparoscopic major liver resection, J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci, 21, 732, 10.1002/jhbp.140 Tsung, 2014, Robotic versus laparoscopic hepatectomy: a matched comparison, Ann Surg, 259, 549, 10.1097/SLA.0000000000000250 Sudan, 2012, Multifactorial analysis of the learning curve for robot-assisted laparoscopic biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch, Ann Surg, 255, 940, 10.1097/SLA.0b013e31824c1d06 Chen, 2016, Robotic liver donor right hepatectomy—a pure, minimally invasive approach, Liver Transpl, 22, 1509, 10.1002/lt.24522 Vine, 2013, Gaze training improves the retention and transfer of laparoscopic technical skills in novices, Surgical Endo, 27, 3205, 10.1007/s00464-013-2893-8 Cook, 2004, Statistical evaluation of learning curve effects in surgical trials, Clinical Trials, 1, 421, 10.1191/1740774504cn042oa Tekkis, 2005, Evaluation of the learning curve in laparoscopic colorectal surgery: comparison of right-sided and left-sided resections, Ann Surg, 242, 83, 10.1097/01.sla.0000167857.14690.68 Vigano, 2009, The learning curve in laparoscopic liver resection: improved feasibility and reproducibility, Ann Surg, 250, 772, 10.1097/SLA.0b013e3181bd93b2 Chen, 2000, Hepatic resection using intermittent vascular inflow occlusion and low central venous pressure anesthesia improves morbidity and mortality, J Gastrointest Surg, 4, 162, 10.1016/S1091-255X(00)80052-9 Lee, 2016, Comparison of learning curves for major and minor laparoscopic liver resection, J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A, 26, 457, 10.1089/lap.2016.0063 Qiu, 2016, A systematic review of robotic-assisted liver resection and meta-analysis of robotic versus laparoscopic hepatectomy for hepatic neoplasms, Surg Endo, 30, 862, 10.1007/s00464-015-4306-7 Ban, 2014, A novel difficulty scoring system for laparoscopic liver resection, J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci, 21, 745, 10.1002/jhbp.166