Some High-Pressure, High-Temperature Apparatus Design Considerations: Equipment for Use at 100 000 Atmospheres and 3000°C

Three items of equipment are described in detail; (1) A simple-piston and cylinder device capable of generating pressures to 50 000 atmospheres simultaneously with temperatures of 5000°C, (2) a tetrahedral-anvil device that has been successfully tested at 100 000 atmospheres and 3000°C, and (3) a stepped-piston device capable of developing pressures to 200 000 atmospheres at room temperature.

In addition consideration is given to such problems as (a) geometrical elements of design, (b) higher strength materials, (c) use of mechanical anisotropy in design, (d) electrical leads, (e) thermal and electrical insulation, (f) solid pressure transmitting media, (g) binding rings, (h) internal generation of pressure, (i) multistaging, and (j) calibration.