Patent Foramen Ovale

Hagen, 1984, Incidence and size of patent foramen ovale during the first 10 decades of life: an autopsy study of 965 normal hearts, Mayo Clin Proc, 59, 17, 10.1016/S0025-6196(12)60336-X Schuchlenz, 2006, A large Eustachian valve is a confounder of contrast but not of color Doppler transesophageal echocardiography in detecting a right-to-left shunt across a patent foramen ovale, Int J Cardiol, 109, 375, 10.1016/j.ijcard.2005.06.022 Gin, 1993, Femoral vein delivery of contrast medium enhances transthoracic echocardiographic detection of patent foramen ovale, J Am Coll Cardiol, 22, 1994, 10.1016/0735-1097(93)90789-4 Roger, 2011, Heart disease and stroke statistics—2011 update: a report from the American Heart Association, Circulation, 123, e18, 10.1161/CIR.0b013e3182009701 Lechat, 1988, Prevalence of patent foramen ovale in patients with stroke, N Engl J Med, 318, 1148, 10.1056/NEJM198805053181802 Petty, 1997, Patent foramen ovale in patients with cerebral infarction, Arch Neurol, 54, 819, 10.1001/archneur.1997.00550190013008 Di Tullio, 1992, Patent foramen ovale as a risk factor for cryptogenic stroke, Ann Intern Med, 117, 461, 10.7326/0003-4819-117-6-461 Mas, 2001, Recurrent cerebrovascular events associated with patent foramen ovale, atrial septal aneurysm, or both, New Engl J Med, 345, 1740, 10.1056/NEJMoa011503 Lamy, 2002, Clinical and imaging findings in cryptogenic stroke patients with and without patent foramen ovale: the PFO-ASA study, Stroke, 33, 706, 10.1161/hs0302.104543 Overell, 2000, Interatrial septal abnormalities and stroke: a meta-analysis of case-control studies, Neurology, 55, 1172, 10.1212/WNL.55.8.1172 Handke, 2007, Patent foramen ovale and cryptogenic stroke in older patients, N Engl J Med, 357, 2262, 10.1056/NEJMoa071422 Meissner, 2006, Patent foramen ovale: innocent or guilty?, J Am Coll Cardiol, 47, 440, 10.1016/j.jacc.2005.10.044 Homma, 2002, Effect of medical treatment in stroke patients with patent foramen ovale: patent foramen ovale in Cryptogenic Stroke Study, Circulation, 105, 2625, 10.1161/01.CIR.0000017498.88393.44 Messé, 2004, Practice parameter: recurrent stroke with patent foramen ovale and atrial septal aneurysm: report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology, Neurology, 62, 1042, 10.1212/01.WNL.0000119173.15878.F3 Bridges, 1992, Transcatheter closure of patent foramen ovale after presumed paradoxical embolism, Circulation, 86, 1902, 10.1161/01.CIR.86.6.1902 Myers, 2010, Impending paradoxical embolism: systematic review of prognostic factors and treatment, Chest, 137, 164, 10.1378/chest.09-0961 Hanley, 1985, Diagnosis and classification of atrial septal aneurysm by two-dimensional echocardiography: report of 80 consecutive cases, J Am Coll Cardiol, 6, 1370, 10.1016/S0735-1097(85)80228-X Agmon, 1999, Frequency of atrial septal aneurysms in patients with cerebral ischemic events, Circulation, 99, 1942, 10.1161/01.CIR.99.15.1942 Kerut, 2001, Patent foramen ovale: a review of associated conditions and the impact of physiological size, J Am Coll Cardiol, 38, 613, 10.1016/S0735-1097(01)01427-9 Schneider, 1995, Chiari's network: normal anatomic variant or risk factor for arterial embolic events?, J Am Coll Cardiol, 26, 203, 10.1016/0735-1097(95)00144-O Di Tullio, 2007, Patent foramen ovale and the risk of ischemic stroke in a multiethnic population, J Am Coll Cardiol, 49, 797, 10.1016/j.jacc.2006.08.063 Lee, 2010, Association between anatomic features of atrial septal abnormalities obtained by omni-plane transesophageal echocardiography and stroke recurrence in cryptogenic stroke patients with patent foramen ovale, Am J Cardiol, 106, 129, 10.1016/j.amjcard.2010.02.025 Kutty, 2009, Maximal potential patent foramen diameter does not correlate with the type or frequency of the neurologic event prior to closure, Cardiology, 113, 111, 10.1159/000174290 Dearani, 1999, Surgical patent foramen ovale closure for prevention of paradoxical embolism-related cerebrovascular ischemic events, Circulation, 100, II171, 10.1161/01.CIR.100.suppl_2.II-171 Mohr, 2001, A comparison of warfarin and aspirin for the prevention of recurrent ischemic stroke, N Engl J Med, 345, 1444, 10.1056/NEJMoa011258 Bogousslavsky, 1996, Stroke recurrence in patients with patent foramen ovale: the Lausanne study, Neurology, 46, 1301, 10.1212/WNL.46.5.1301 Khairy, 2003, Transcatheter closure versus medical therapy of patent foramen ovale and presumed paradoxical thromboemboli: a systematic review, Ann Intern Med, 139, 753, 10.7326/0003-4819-139-9-200311040-00010 Kutty, 2008, Causes of recurrent focal neurologic events after transcatheter closure of patent foramen ovale with the CardioSEAL septal occluder, Am J Cardiol, 101, 1487, 10.1016/j.amjcard.2008.01.028 Wahl, 2008, Long-term results after fluoroscopy-guided closure of patent foramen ovale for secondary prevention of paradoxical embolism, Heart, 94, 336, 10.1136/hrt.2007.118505 Wahl, 2001, Prognosis after percutaneous closure of patent foramen ovale for paradoxical embolism, Neurology, 57, 1330, 10.1212/WNL.57.7.1330 Sievert, 2001, Patent foramen ovale closure in patients with transient ischemia attack/stroke, J Interv Cardiol, 14, 261, 10.1111/j.1540-8183.2001.tb00745.x Furlan, 2012, Closure or medical therapy for cryptogenic stroke with patent foramen ovale, N Engl J Med, 366, 991, 10.1056/NEJMoa1009639 Del Sette, 1998, Migraine with aura and right-to-left shunt on transcranial Doppler: a case-control study, Cerebrovasc Dis, 8, 327, 10.1159/000015875 Wilmshurst, 2001, Relationship between migraine and cardiac and pulmonary right-to-left shunts, Clin Sci (Lond), 100, 215, 10.1042/cs1000215 Wilmshurst, 2000, Effect on migraine of closure of cardiac right-to-left shunts to prevent recurrence of decompression illness or stroke or for haemodynamic reasons, Lancet, 356, 1648, 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)03160-3 Azarbal, 2005, Association of interatrial shunts and migraine headaches: impact of transcatheter closure, J Am Coll Cardiol, 45, 489, 10.1016/j.jacc.2004.09.075 Wahl, 2010, Improvement of migraine headaches after percutaneous closure of patent foramen ovale for secondary prevention of paradoxical embolism, Heart, 96, 967, 10.1136/hrt.2009.181156 Garg, 2010, Lack of association between migraine headache and patent foramen ovale: results of a case-control study, Circulation, 121, 1406, 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.895110 Dowson, 2008, Circulation, 117, 1397, 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.727271