The twin-twin transfusion syndrome: spectrum of cardiovascular abnormality and development of a cardiovascular score to assess severity of disease

Wee, 2002, The twin-twin transfusion syndrome, Semin Neonatol, 7, 187, 10.1053/siny.2002.0106 Galea, 2005, Insights into the pathophysiology of twin-twin transfusion syndrome, Prenat Diagn, 25, 777, 10.1002/pd.1264 Mahieu-Caputo, 2005, Paradoxic activation of the renin-angiotensin system in twin-twin transfusion syndrome: an explanation for cardiovascular disturbances in the recipient, Pediatr Res, 58, 685, 10.1203/01.PDR.0000180558.03164.E8 Zosmer, 1994, Clinical and echographic features of in utero cardiac dysfunction in the recipient twin in twin-twin transfusion syndrome, Br Heart J, 72, 74, 10.1136/hrt.72.1.74 Fesslova, 1998, Fetal and neonatal echocardiographic findings in twin-twin transfusion syndrome, Am J Obstet Gynecol, 179, 1056, 10.1016/S0002-9378(98)70215-7 Simpson, 1998, Cardiac dysfunction in twin-twin transfusion syndrome: a prospective, longitudinal study, Obstet Gynecol, 92, 557, 10.1016/S0029-7844(98)00220-8 Lougheed, 2001, Acquired right ventricular outflow tract obstruction in the recipient twin in twin-twin transfusion syndrome, J Am Coll Cardiol, 38, 1533, 10.1016/S0735-1097(01)01549-2 Barrea, 2005, Prenatal cardiovascular manifestations in the twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome recipients and the impact of therapeutic amnioreduction, Am J Obstet Gynecol, 192, 892, 10.1016/j.ajog.2004.09.015 Herberg, 2006, Long term cardiac follow up of severe twin to twin transfusion syndrome after intrauterine laser coagulation, Heart, 92, 95, 10.1136/hrt.2004.057497 Cheung, 2000, Fetal origins of reduced arterial distensibility in the donor twin in twin-twin transfusion syndrome, Lancet, 355, 1157, 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)02068-7 Gardiner, 2003, Twin-twin transfusion syndrome: the influence of intrauterine laser photocoagulation on arterial distensibility in childhood, Circulation, 107, 1906, 10.1161/01.CIR.0000060543.64250.80 Quintero, 1999, Staging of twin-twin transfusion syndrome, J Perinatol, 19, 550, 10.1038/sj.jp.7200292 Hecher, 1995, Fetal arterial Doppler studies in twin-twin transfusion syndrome, J Ultrasound Med, 14, 101, 10.7863/jum.1995.14.2.101 Tan, 1992, Cardiac dimensions determined by cross-sectional echocardiography in the normal human fetus from 18 weeks to term, Am J Cardiol, 70, 1459, 10.1016/0002-9149(92)90300-N Hsieh, 2000, Longitudinal survey of fetal ventricular ejection and shortening fraction throughout pregnancy, Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol, 16, 46, 10.1046/j.1469-0705.2000.00160.x Harada, 1997, Gestational age- and growth-related alterations in fetal right and left ventricular diastolic filling patterns, Am J Cardiol, 79, 173, 10.1016/S0002-9149(96)00706-0 Hecher, 1995, Assessment of fetal compromise by Doppler ultrasound investigation of the fetal circulation: arterial, intracardiac, and venous blood flow velocity studies, Circulation, 91, 129, 10.1161/01.CIR.91.1.129 Smrcek, 1998, Functional pulmonary valve regurgitation in the fetus, Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol, 12, 254, 10.1046/j.1469-0705.1998.12040254.x Friedman, 2003, Fetal cardiac function assessed by Doppler myocardial performance index (Tei index), Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol, 21, 33, 10.1002/uog.11 Taylor, 2002, Validation of the Quintero staging system for twin-twin transfusion syndrome, Obstet Gynecol, 100, 1257, 10.1016/S0029-7844(02)02392-X Luks, 2004, Limited prognostic value of a staging system for twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome, Fetal Diagn Ther, 19, 301, 10.1159/000076716 Harada, 2000, Effect of left ventricular wall mass on Doppler filling patterns in the developing normal human heart, Am J Cardiol, 86, 659, 10.1016/S0002-9149(00)01048-1 Falkensammer, 2001, Fetal congestive heart failure: correlation of Tei-index and Cardiovascular-score, J Perinat Med, 29, 390, 10.1515/JPM.2001.055 Reller, 1987, Fetal lamb ventricles respond differently to filling and arterial pressures and to in utero ventilation, Pediatr Res, 22, 621, 10.1203/00006450-198712000-00001 Iwai, 1994, DD genotype of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene is a risk factor for left ventricular hypertrophy, Circulation, 90, 2622, 10.1161/01.CIR.90.6.2622 Raboisson, 2004, Early intertwin differences in myocardial performance during the twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome, Circulation, 110, 3043, 10.1161/01.CIR.0000146896.20317.59 Barker, 2004, Altered regional blood flow in the fetus: the origins of cardiovascular disease?, Acta Paediatr, 93, 1559, 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2004.tb00842.x