World Economy
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Technology Transfer to Developing Countries via Multinationals
World Economy - Tập 9 Số 4 - Trang 409-426 - 1986
How Does FDI Affect Domestic Firms’ Exports? Industrial Evidence Using a Heckman sample selection model estimated using pooled four‐year firm‐level data, this paper explores the export spillovers from the FDI in the cultural, educational and sporting product manufacturing industry of the manufacturing sector in China from 2000 to 2003. The manufacturing sector contributes around 40 per cent of the GDP in the Chinese economy, and the cultural, educational and sporting product manufacturing industry has a significant proportion of FDI activities, and firms in this sector are active in exporting. Through the empirical exercise, we find that there exist export spillovers from FDI in the industry, for which the magnitude depends on firms’ geographical location, sale cost and revenue ratio, and ownership structure. On average, domestic firms located in Western China suffer from a foreign presence, irrespective of whether they are privately owned or state and collectively owned. For firms in Central China, both the privately owned and state and collectively owned firms appear to benefit from foreign presence. Regarding firms located in Coastal China, the privately owned firms suffer from the foreign presence, while in contrast the state and collectively owned firms benefit from the foreign presence. In addition, in this industry there are more firms that benefit from the presence of FDI than those that suffer, which to some extent justifies the government's policy to attract the FDI inflow.
World Economy - Tập 32 Số 8 - Trang 1203-1222 - 2009
FDI Impact and Spillover: Evidence from China's Electronic and Textile Industries
World Economy - Tập 25 Số 8 - Trang 1063-1076 - 2002
Export Market Participation, Investments in R&D and Worker Training, and the Evolution of Firm Productivity This paper uses micro panel data for firms in the Taiwanese electronics industry in 1986, 1991 and 1996 to investigate a firm's decision to invest in two sources of knowledge – participation in the export market and investments in R&D and/or worker training – and assess their effect on the firm's future productivity. The firm's decisions to export and invest in R&D and/or worker training are modelled with a bivariate probit model that recognises the interdependence of the decisions. The effect of these investments on the firm's future productivity trajectory is then modelled while controlling for the selection bias introduced by endo‐genous firm exit. The findings indicate a significant interaction effect between exporting and R&D investments and future productivity, after controlling for size, age and current productivity. Firms that undertake both investment activities have significantly higher future productivity than firms that do one or neither. In addition, these firms are more likely to continue investing in these activities leading to further productivity gains. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that export experience is an important source of productivity growth for Taiwanese firms and that firm investments in R&D and worker training facilitate their ability to benefit from their exposure to the export market.
World Economy - Tập 30 Số 1 - Trang 83-104 - 2007
From Innovation to Exporting or Vice Versa? Abstract Firm productivity and export decisions are closely related to innovation activity. Innovation may play a more important role in the decision to start exporting, and successful exporting may drive process innovation. This suggests that the causality between innovation and exporting may run in both directions. Using detailed microdata from innovation surveys, industrial production surveys, and trade information for Slovenian firms in 1996–2002, we investigate the bidirectional causal relationship between firm innovation and export activity. We find no evidence for the hypothesis that either product or process innovations increase the probability of becoming a first‐time exporter, but we do find evidence in both the innovation survey and the industrial production survey that exporting leads to productivity improvements. These, however, are likely to be related to process rather than product innovations, and are observed only in a sample of medium and large first‐time exporters. This finding makes a case in favour of the learning‐by‐exporting hypothesis by demonstrating that these learning effects from exporting occur through the mechanism of process innovation enhancing firm technical efficiency.
World Economy - Tập 33 Số 3 - Trang 374-398 - 2010
Trade Liberalisation and ‘Fair Trade’ Demands: Addressing the Environmental and Labour Standards Issues
World Economy - Tập 18 Số 6 - Trang 745-759 - 1995
Foreign Direct Investment in Africa: The Role of Natural Resources, Market Size, Government Policy, Institutions and Political Instability
World Economy - Tập 29 Số 1 - Trang 63-77 - 2006
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