AbstractPeople with ID represent approximately 2% of the population and, as a
group, experience poorer health than the general population. This article
presents recent conceptualizations that begin to disentangle health from
disability, summarizes the literature from 1999 to 2005 in terms of the cascade
of disparities, reviews intervention issues and promising practices, and
provides recommendatio... hiện toàn bộ
Stephanie L. Sherman, Emily G. Allen, Lora Bean, Sallie B. Freeman
AbstractDown syndrome (DS) is the most commonly identified genetic form of
mental retardation and the leading cause of specific birth defects and medical
conditions. Traditional epidemiological studies to determine the prevalence,
cause, and clinical significance of the syndrome have been conducted over the
last 100 years. DS has been estimated to occur in ∼1 in 732 infants in the
United States, a... hiện toàn bộ
AbstractImproved survival in preterm infants has broadened interest in cognitive
and neuropsychological outcomes. The incidence of major disabilities
(moderate/severe mental retardation, neurosensory disorders, epilepsy, cerebral
palsy) has remained consistent, but high prevalence/low severity dysfunctions
(learning disabilities, ADHD, borderline mental retardation, specific
neuropsychological def... hiện toàn bộ
AbstractThis article summarizes the developmental outcomes of Colorado children
with significant hearing loss. Some of the research compares children born in
hospitals that have implemented universal newborn hearing screening programs for
newborns. Other research compares the developmental outcomes of children who
have been early‐identified with hearing loss. Early‐identification is defined as
ide... hiện toàn bộ
Danuta Z. Loesch, Richard Huggins, Randi J. Hagerman
AbstractData on the relationships between cognitive and physical phenotypes, and
a deficit of fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene‐specific protein
product, FMRP, are presented and discussed in context with earlier findings. The
previously unpublished results obtained, using standard procedures of regression
and correlations, showed highly significant associations in males between FMRP
level... hiện toàn bộ
AbstractDown syndrome (DS) is characterized by increased mortality rates, both
during early and later stages of life, and age‐specific mortality risk remains
higher in adults with DS compared with the overall population of people with
mental retardation and with typically developing populations. Causes of
increased mortality rates early in life are primarily due to the increased
incidence of conge... hiện toàn bộ
AbstractSimilar to the state of the broader intellectual disabilities field,
many gaps exist in the research and treatment of mental health concerns in
people with Down syndrome. This review summarizes key findings on the type and
prevalence of behavior and emotional problems in children, adolescents, and
adults with Down syndrome. Such findings include relatively low rates of severe
problems in c... hiện toàn bộ
AbstractAutism is a complex, behaviorally defined, developmental brain disorder
with an estimated prevalence of 1 in 1,000. It is now clear that autism is not a
disease, but a syndrome with a strong genetic component. The etiology of autism
is poorly defined both at the cellular and the molecular levels. Based on the
fact that seizure activity is frequently associated with autism and that
abnormal... hiện toàn bộ
AbstractNeuronal cell death in the embryonic brain was first recognized almost a
century ago. Its significance for normal nervous system development and function
has been a major focus of neuroscientific investigation ever since. Remarkable
progress has been made in defining the cellular processes controlling neuronal
cell death and studies performed over the last ten years have revealed extensive... hiện toàn bộ
AbstractIn the past, preventive health concerning sexuality of people with
intellectual disabilities was addressed through surgical sterilization as part
of nationwide eugenic programs in many countries. For more than 30 years now, it
has come progressively to light in the scientific literature that, besides major
ethical and legal problems, these programs also failed to assess many of the
individ... hiện toàn bộ