Visual Neuroscience
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Somatostatin inhibits calcium influx into rat rod bipolar cell axonal terminals
Visual Neuroscience - Tập 18 Số 1 - Trang 101-108 - 2001
In the retina, somatostatin (SST), an inhibitory peptide that influences
neuronal activity, is predominantly expressed by sparsely occurring amacrine
cells. The SST subtype 2A receptor is expressed by rod bipolar cells, including
their axonal terminals. We used Ca2+-imaging techniques and the ratiometric Ca2+
indicator dye fura-2 AM to investigate Ca2+ dynamics in rod bipolar cell
terminals. Depol...
Activity correlates of cytochrome oxidase-defined compartments in granular and supragranular layers of primary visual cortex of the macaque monkey
Visual Neuroscience - Tập 12 Số 4 - Trang 629-639 - 1995
AbstractTo determine if changes in metabolic capacity revealed by cytochrome
oxidase (CO) histochemistry are related to sustained changes in energy-utilizing
neuronal activity, we assayed CO levels and recorded multiunit firing rates
along nearly tangential penetrations of V1 in seven adult macaque monkeys before
and after single, monocular injections of TTX. Within as little as 14 h, TTX
blockade...
A retinal dark-light switch: A review of the evidence
Visual Neuroscience - Tập 13 Số 3 - Trang 399-409 - 1996
AbstractWe propose that there exists within the avian, and perhaps more
generally in the vertebrate retina, a two-state nonadapting flip-flop circuit,
based on reciprocal inhibitory interactions between the photoreceptors,
releasing melatonin, the dopaminergic amacrine cells, and amacrine cells which
contain enkephalin-, neurotensin-, and somatostatin-like immunoreactivity (the
ENSL1 amacrine cell...
Normalization of cell responses in cat striate cortex
Visual Neuroscience - Tập 9 Số 2 - Trang 181-197 - 1992
AbstractSimple cells in the striate cortex have been depicted as
half-wave-rectified linear operators. Complex cells have been depicted as energy
mechanisms, constructed from the squared sum of the outputs of quadrature pairs
of linear operators. However, the linear/energy model falls short of a complete
explanation of striate cell responses. In this paper, a modified version of the
linear/energy ...
Adaptation in single units in visual cortex: The tuning of aftereffects in the temporal domain
Visual Neuroscience - Tập 2 Số 6 - Trang 609-620 - 1989
AbstractAdaptation-induced changes in the temporal-frequency tuning and
direction selectivity of cat visual cortical cells were studied. Aftereffects
were induced largely independent of direction. Adapting in either direction
reduced responses in both directions. Aftereffects in the direction opposite
that adapted were only slightly weaker than were aftereffects in the adapted
direction. No cell s...
Adaptation in single units in visual cortex: The tuning of aftereffects in the spatial domain
Visual Neuroscience - Tập 2 Số 6 - Trang 593-607 - 1989
AbstractCat striate cortical neurons were investigated using a new method of
studying adaptation aftereffects. Stimuli were sinusoidal gratings of variable
contrast, spatial frequency, and drift direction and rate. A series of
alternating adapting and test trials was presented while recording from single
units. Control trials were completely integrated with the adapted trials in
these experiments....
Steady discharges of macaque retinal ganglion cells
Visual Neuroscience - Tập 11 Số 1 - Trang 111-118 - 1994
AbstractSteady discharges were collected from ganglion cells of the
magnocellular (MC) and parvocellular (PC) pathways of the macaque while their
receptive fields were uniformly illuminated with a 4.7-deg steady yellow light
of photopic illuminance. The mean rates, coefficients of variation, interval
distributions, serial correlation coefficients, and power spectra of these
discharges were determi...
Steady discharges of X and Y retinal ganglion cells of cat under photopic illuminance
Visual Neuroscience - Tập 9 Số 6 - Trang 535-553 - 1992
AbstractThe discharges of ON- and OFF-center X and Y retinal ganglion cells in
the presence of stationary patterns or of a uniform field of photopic luminance
were recorded from urethane-anesthetized adult cats. The interval statistics and
power spectra of these discharges were determined from these discharge records.
The patterned stimuli were selected and positioned with respect to a cell's
rece...
Cortical potentials reflecting motion processing in humans
Visual Neuroscience - Tập 11 Số 6 - Trang 1135-1147 - 1994
AbstractMotion processing is a fundamental task of visual systems, and in the
monkey cortical areas can be identified which appear to be functionally
specialized for motion processing. The human visual system is expected to be
organized in a similar way. A noninvasive method to study the functional
organization of the visual cortex is the recording of scalp potentials generated
by neural activity ...
Synaptic organization of dopaminergic interplexiform cells in the goldfish retina
Visual Neuroscience - Tập 1 Số 1 - Trang 13-29 - 1988
AbstractThe synaptic organization of dopaminergic interplexiform cells (DA-IPC)
in the goldfish retina was studied by a combined double-label
electron-microscopical (EM) immunocytochemical/autoradiographical study. DA-IPCs
were labeled with antisera against tyrosine hydroxylase. The possibility of
synaptic contact with GABAergic amacrine cells in the proximal inner plexiform
layer (IPL) was studie...
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