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Biochemical markers of bone turnover
Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 4 - Trang 197-211 - 2006
Recent developments in biomarkers in many fields of medicine have expanded the array of tools health care providers can use today for disease management. Essentially, biomarkers assist clinicians today in four main ways: screening, diagnosis, assessment of severity or risk, and monitoring of, or deciding on, treatment (1). Surrogate markers known as biochemical markers of bone turnover have been u...... hiện toàn bộ
Infection-Related Kidney Stones
Springer Science and Business Media LLC - - 2011
Infection and stones can be associated in two ways. Stone disease can occur due to infection by an organism that expresses the urea-splitting enzyme urease (infection stones). Nephrolithiasis can also be complicated by urinary tract infection that in turn was caused by obstruction of the urinary tract by a stone and/or colonization of a pre-existing stone, in both cases by non-urease producing org...... hiện toàn bộ
LRP5
Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 4 - Trang 97-106 - 2006
Several lines of evidence have provided compelling support for low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5) and the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway as being important and essential for bone formation. Lrp 5 and its close homolog, Lrp6, are coreceptors with frizzled for Wnt proteins. Binding of Wnt proteins to Lrp5/6 and frizzled activates the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway....... hiện toàn bộ
Physiology of Mechanotransduction: How Do Muscle and Bone “Talk” to One Another?
Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 12 - Trang 77-85 - 2013
The complexity of cell interactions with their microenvironment and their ability to communicate at the autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine levels has gradually but significantly evolved in the last three decades. The musculoskeletal system has been historically recognized to be governed by a relationship of proximity and function, chiefly dictated by mechanical forces and the work of gravity itse...... hiện toàn bộ
Association Between Social Support and Bone Health Outcomes: a Systematic Review
Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 16 - Trang 74-86 - 2018
Previous studies on the association between social support and bone health outcomes did not produce consistent results. The main goal of this study was to resolve the inconsistency by systematically examining the studies on the association in the last two decades. In order to do that, we distinguished between two types of social supports: structural supports, which is the pattern of person’s socia...... hiện toàn bộ
Cysteine Cathepsins and the Skeleton
Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 9 - Trang 83-93 - 2011
Cysteine cathepsins are lysosomal proteases with housekeeping as well as tissue-specific functions. One of their specialized functions includes the degradation of extracellular matrix proteins and the regulation of the immune response. In recent years, this protease family received increasing attention as drug targets for bone and cartilage-related diseases. Cathepsin K is identified as the major ...... hiện toàn bộ
Relationship Between Aldosterone and Parathyroid Hormone, and the Effect of Angiotensin and Aldosterone Inhibition on Bone Health
Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 13 - Trang 194-205 - 2015
Emerging evidence suggests a stimulating effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH) on the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS). In primary hyperparathyroidism, chronic-elevated PTH levels seem to stimulate the RAAS which may explain the increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). In addition to increased PTH levels, low vitamin D levels may also directly increase risk of CVD, as vitamin D, it...... hiện toàn bộ
Vitamin D Deficiency in the Middle East and its Health Consequences for Children and Adults
Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 7 - Trang 77-93 - 2009
Despite its abundant sunshine the Middle East, a region spanning latitudes from 12°N to 42°N allowing vitamin D synthesis year round, registers some of the lowest levels of vitamin D and the highest rates of hypovitaminosis D worldwide. This major public health problem affects individuals across all life stages including pregnant women, neonates, infants, children and adolescents, adults, and the ...... hiện toàn bộ
Calcitonin
Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 3 - Trang 39-49 - 2005
Calcitonin is a 32-amino acid polypeptide secreted by the parafollicular cells of the thyroid. Effects on bone include inhibition of osteoclasts, thus preventing bone resorption, as well as increased renal calcium excretion. Salmon calcitonin is often used therapeutically because it is more potent and has a longer duration of action compared with human calcitonin. Calcitonin also possesses analges...... hiện toàn bộ
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