SAGE Publications
0033-555X
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Các bài báo tiêu biểu
Orienting of Attention
Tập 32 Số 1 - Trang 3-25 - 1980
Bartlett viewed thinking as a high level skill exhibiting ballistic properties
that he called its “point of no return”. This paper explores one aspect of
cognition through the use of a simple model task in which human subjects are
asked to commit attention to a position in visual space other than fixation.
This instruction is executed by orienting a covert (attentional) mechanism that
seems suffic...
The Selective Impairment of Semantic Memory
Tập 27 Số 4 - Trang 635-657 - 1975
The selective impairment of semantic memory is described in three patients with
diffuse cerebrallesions. These patients, selected on the basis of a failure to
recognize or identify common objects (agnosia for objects), were investigated in
detail. In particular, their perceptual, language and memory functions were
assessed, and the limits and properties of their recognition difficulties
explored. ...
Reasoning about a Rule
Tập 20 Số 3 - Trang 273-281 - 1968
Two experiments were carried out to investigate the difficulty of making the
contra-positive inference from conditional sentences of the form, “if P then Q.”
This inference, that not-P follows from not-Q, requires the transformation of
the information presented in the conditional sentence. It is suggested that the
difficulty is due to a mental set for expecting a relation of truth,
correspondence,...
Attention in Dichotic Listening: Affective Cues and the Influence of Instructions
Tập 11 Số 1 - Trang 56-60 - 1959
In shadowing one of two simultaneous messages presented dichotically, subjects
are unable to report any of the content of the rejected message. Even if the
rejected message consists of a short list of simple words repeated many times, a
recognition test fails to reveal any trace of the list. If numbers are
interpolated in prose passages presented for dichotic shadowing, no more are
recalled from t...
Contextual Cues in Selective Listening
Tập 12 Số 4 - Trang 242-248 - 1960
Two messages were presented dichotically and subjects were asked to “shadow”
whatever they heard on one ear. Somewhere in the middle the two passages were
switched to the opposite ears. Subjects occasionally repeated one or two words,
at the break, from the wrong ear, but never transferred to it for longer than
this. The higher the transition probabilities in the passage the more likely
they were ...
Short-term Memory for Word Sequences as a Function of Acoustic, Semantic and Formal Similarity
Tập 18 Số 4 - Trang 362-365 - 1966
Experiment I studied short-term memory (STM) for auditorily presented five word
sequences as a function of acoustic and semantic similarity. There was a large
adverse effect of acoustic similarity on STM (72·5 per cent.) which was
significantly greater (p < 0·001) than the small (6·3 per cent.) but reliable
effect (p < 0·05) of semantic similarity. Experiment II compared STM for
sequences of words...
The Binomial Distribution of Right, Mixed and Left Handedness
Tập 19 Số 4 - Trang 327-333 - 1967
Right, mixed and left handers are found in binomial proportions in seven samples
of varied subjects whose lateral preferences were ascertained by several
methods. These proportions have been obtained in previous studies of humans and
animals when the performance of several actions has been recorded in complete
samples and when consistent right and left subjects have been separated from
those of mi...
Selective Attention: Perception or Response?
Tập 19 Số 1 - Trang 1-17 - 1967
Does our limited capacity in selective listening tasks arise primarily in
perception or in response organization? To examine this, subjects were given two
dichotic messages, one primary and one secondary, and had to make two different
responses: the primary response was to “shadow” the primary message; the
secondary response was to tap on hearing certain target words in either message.
Since the s...
Word Recognition in a Phonemic Dyslexic Patient
Tập 27 Số 2 - Trang 187-199 - 1975
The systems underlying word recognition were investigated in a single case study
of a patient (K.F.) with an acquired dyslexia. His reading performance was
related to parts of speech, word frequency and word concreteness, and his
reading errors were analysed. There was a very striking difference between his
ability to read concrete and abstract words. Furthermore visual errors, which
could not be ...