Paradoxical Roles of Antioxidant Enzymes: Basic Mechanisms and Health ImplicationsPhysiological Reviews - Tập 96 Số 1 - Trang 307-364 - 2016
Xin Gen Lei, Jian‐Hong Zhu, Wen-Hsing Cheng, Yongping Bao, Ye-Shih Ho, Amit R. Reddi, Arne Holmgren, Elias S.J. Arnér
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are generated from aerobic metabolism, as a result of accidental electron leakage as well as regulated enzymatic processes. Because ROS/RNS can induce oxidative injury and act in redox signaling, enzymes metabolizing them will inherently promote either health or disease, depending on the physiological context. It is thus mis...... hiện toàn bộ
Understanding Adipocyte DifferentiationPhysiological Reviews - Tập 78 Số 3 - Trang 783-809 - 1998
Francine M. Gregoire, Cynthia M. Smas, Hei Sook Sul
Gregoire, Francine M., Cynthia M. Smas, and Hei Sook Sul. Understanding Adipocyte Differentiation. Physiol. Rev. 78: 783–809, 1998. — The adipocyte plays a critical role in energy balance. Adipose tissue growth involves an increase in adipocyte size and the formation of new adipocytes from precursor cells. For the last 20 years, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of adipocyte differenti...... hiện toàn bộ
Plastic Synaptic Networks of the Amygdala for the Acquisition, Expression, and Extinction of Conditioned FearPhysiological Reviews - Tập 90 Số 2 - Trang 419-463 - 2010
Hans‐Christian Pape, Denis Paré
The last 10 years have witnessed a surge of interest for the mechanisms underlying the acquisition and extinction of classically conditioned fear responses. In part, this results from the realization that abnormalities in fear learning mechanisms likely participate in the development and/or maintenance of human anxiety disorders. The simplicity and robustness of this learning paradigm, cou...... hiện toàn bộ
Notch Signaling in Development, Tissue Homeostasis, and DiseasePhysiological Reviews - Tập 97 Số 4 - Trang 1235-1294 - 2017
Chris Siebel, Urban Lendahl
Notch signaling is an evolutionarily highly conserved signaling mechanism, but in contrast to signaling pathways such as Wnt, Sonic Hedgehog, and BMP/TGF-β, Notch signaling occurs via cell-cell communication, where transmembrane ligands on one cell activate transmembrane receptors on a juxtaposed cell. Originally discovered through mutations in Drosophila more than 100 yr ago, and with the...... hiện toàn bộ
Epithelial Sodium Channel/Degenerin Family of Ion Channels: A Variety of Functions for a Shared StructurePhysiological Reviews - Tập 82 Số 3 - Trang 735-767 - 2002
Stephan Kellenberger, Laurent Schild
The recently discovered epithelial sodium channel (ENaC)/degenerin (DEG) gene family encodes sodium channels involved in various cell functions in metazoans. Subfamilies found in invertebrates or mammals are functionally distinct. The degenerins in Caenorhabditis elegansparticipate in mechanotransduction in neuronal cells, FaNaC in snails is a ligand-gated channel activated by neuropeptide...... hiện toàn bộ
Nerve growth factor.Physiological Reviews - Tập 48 Số 3 - Trang 534-569 - 1968
Rita Levi‐Montalcini, P. U. Angeletti
Mechanisms Controlling the Function and Life Span of the Corpus LuteumPhysiological Reviews - Tập 80 Số 1 - Trang 1-29 - 2000
G. D. Niswender, Jennifer L. Juengel, Patrick J. Silva, M. Keith Rollyson, Eric W. McIntush
The primary function of the corpus luteum is secretion of the hormone progesterone, which is required for maintenance of normal pregnancy in mammals. The corpus luteum develops from residual follicular granulosal and thecal cells after ovulation. Luteinizing hormone (LH) from the anterior pituitary is important for normal development and function of the corpus luteum in most mammals, altho...... hiện toàn bộ
Oxysterols: Modulators of Cholesterol Metabolism and Other ProcessesPhysiological Reviews - Tập 80 Số 1 - Trang 361-554 - 2000
George J. Schroepfer
Oxygenated derivatives of cholesterol (oxysterols) present a remarkably diverse profile of biological activities, including effects on sphingolipid metabolism, platelet aggregation, apoptosis, and protein prenylation. The most notable oxysterol activities center around the regulation of cholesterol homeostasis, which appears to be controlled in part by a complex series of interactions of o...... hiện toàn bộ