Physiological Reviews
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Paradoxical Roles of Antioxidant Enzymes: Basic Mechanisms and Health ImplicationsReactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are generated from aerobic metabolism, as a result of accidental electron leakage as well as regulated enzymatic processes. Because ROS/RNS can induce oxidative injury and act in redox signaling, enzymes metabolizing them will inherently promote either health or disease, depending on the physiological context. It is thus mis... ...
Physiological Reviews - Tập 96 Số 1 - Trang 307-364 - 2016
Understanding Adipocyte DifferentiationGregoire, Francine M., Cynthia M. Smas, and Hei Sook Sul. Understanding Adipocyte Differentiation. Physiol. Rev. 78: 783–809, 1998. — The adipocyte plays a critical role in energy balance. Adipose tissue growth involves an increase in adipocyte size and the formation of new adipocytes from precursor cells. For the last 20 years, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of adipocyte differenti... ...
Physiological Reviews - Tập 78 Số 3 - Trang 783-809 - 1998
Notch Signaling in Development, Tissue Homeostasis, and DiseaseNotch signaling is an evolutionarily highly conserved signaling mechanism, but in contrast to signaling pathways such as Wnt, Sonic Hedgehog, and BMP/TGF-β, Notch signaling occurs via cell-cell communication, where transmembrane ligands on one cell activate transmembrane receptors on a juxtaposed cell. Originally discovered through mutations in Drosophila more than 100 yr ago, and with the... ...
Physiological Reviews - Tập 97 Số 4 - Trang 1235-1294 - 2017
Epithelial Sodium Channel/Degenerin Family of Ion Channels: A Variety of Functions for a Shared StructureThe recently discovered epithelial sodium channel (ENaC)/degenerin (DEG) gene family encodes sodium channels involved in various cell functions in metazoans. Subfamilies found in invertebrates or mammals are functionally distinct. The degenerins in Caenorhabditis elegansparticipate in mechanotransduction in neuronal cells, FaNaC in snails is a ligand-gated channel activated by neuropeptide... ...
Physiological Reviews - Tập 82 Số 3 - Trang 735-767 - 2002
Oxysterols: Modulators of Cholesterol Metabolism and Other ProcessesOxygenated derivatives of cholesterol (oxysterols) present a remarkably diverse profile of biological activities, including effects on sphingolipid metabolism, platelet aggregation, apoptosis, and protein prenylation. The most notable oxysterol activities center around the regulation of cholesterol homeostasis, which appears to be controlled in part by a complex series of interactions of o... ...
Physiological Reviews - Tập 80 Số 1 - Trang 361-554 - 2000
Immunologic system in the respiratory tract
Physiological Reviews - Tập 71 Số 4 - Trang 1117-1133 - 1991
Regulation of Increased Blood Flow (Hyperemia) to Muscles During Exercise: A Hierarchy of Competing Physiological NeedsThis review focuses on how blood flow to contracting skeletal muscles is regulated during exercise in humans. The idea is that blood flow to the contracting muscles links oxygen in the atmosphere with the contracting muscles where it is consumed. In this context, we take a top down approach and review the basics of oxygen consumption at rest and during exercise in humans, how these values ... ...
Physiological Reviews - Tập 95 Số 2 - Trang 549-601 - 2015
Glial cells and the central myelin sheath.
Physiological Reviews - Tập 48 Số 1 - Trang 197-251 - 1968
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