Obesity Reviews

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A synthesis of existing systematic reviews and meta‐analyses of school‐based behavioural interventions for controlling and preventing obesity
Obesity Reviews - Tập 13 Số 3 - Trang 214-233 - 2012
Amina Khambalia, Stephanie Dickinson, Louise L. Hardy, Tiffany K. Gill, Louise A. Baur
SummarySchools are an attractive and popular setting for implementing interventions for children. There is a growing body of empirical research exploring the efficacy of school‐based obesity prevention programs. While there have been several reviews on the topic, findings remain mixed. To examine the quality of evidence and compare the findings from existing system...... hiện toàn bộ
The mechanism of effect of growth hormone on preadipocyte and adipocyte function
Obesity Reviews - Tập 1 Số 2 - Trang 73-86 - 2000
Sanggeun Nam, Peter E. Lobie
SummaryGrowth hormone (GH) is not only the major regulator of postnatal somatic growth but also exerts profound effects on body composition through a combination of anabolic, lipolytic and antinatriuretic actions. GH enhancement of the lipolytic activity of adipose tissue in combination with a reduction of triglyceride accumulation via inhibition of lipoprotein lip...... hiện toàn bộ
Obesity, adipocytokines, and insulin resistance in breast cancer
Obesity Reviews - Tập 5 Số 3 - Trang 153-165 - 2004
David P. Rose, Despina Komninou, Gina Day Stephenson
SummaryThe adipocytokines are biologically active polypeptides that are produced either exclusively or substantially by the adipocytes, and act by endocrine, paracrine, and autocrine mechanisms. Most have been associated with obesity, hyperinsulinaemia, type 2 diabetes, and chronic vascular disease; in addition, six adipocytokines – vascular endothelial growth fact...... hiện toàn bộ
Regulatory enzymes of mitochondrial β‐oxidation as targets for treatment of the metabolic syndrome
Obesity Reviews - Tập 11 Số 5 - Trang 380-388 - 2010
Marijke Schreurs, Folkert Kuipers, Feike R. van der Leij
SummaryInsulin sensitizers like metformin generally act through pathways triggered by adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase. Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1) controls mitochondrial β‐oxidation and is inhibited by malonyl‐CoA, the product of acetyl‐CoA carboxylase (ACC). The adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase‐ACC‐CPT1 axis tightly reg...... hiện toàn bộ
Gut microbe–generated metabolite trimethylamine N‐oxide and the risk of diabetes: A systematic review and dose‐response meta‐analysis
Obesity Reviews - Tập 20 Số 6 - Trang 883-894 - 2019
Rulin Zhuang, Xinyu Ge, Lu Han, Ping Yu, Xin Gong, Qingshu Meng, Yuzhen Zhang, Huimin Fan, Liang Zheng, Zhongmin Liu, Xiaohui Zhou
SummaryElevated circulating concentrations of the gut bacteria choline metabolite trimethylamine N‐oxide (TMAO) were found in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, whether a high level of TMAO is related to the risk of diabetes has not been studied. We aimed to synthesize the evidence on the relation between TMAO levels ...... hiện toàn bộ
Physical activity level and its association with metabolic syndrome among an employed population in China
Obesity Reviews - Tập 9 Số s1 - Trang 113-118 - 2008
Yannis Μanios, Dechun Luan, Yanping Li, A. Liu, Xiaoqi Hu, Zhaohui Cui, Fengying Zhai, Xiaoguang Yang
SummaryThe purpose of the present study was to estimate the association of physical activity level (PAL) with metabolic syndromes among the employed population in China. Using data from the 2002 China National Nutrition and Health Survey, the PAL of 21 834 subjects aged 18–59 years was described, and its relationship with the risk of metabolic syndrome was studied ...... hiện toàn bộ
A systematic review of the association of neuregulin 4, a brown fat–enriched secreted factor, with obesity and related metabolic disturbances
Obesity Reviews - Tập 21 Số 2 - 2020
Helda Tutunchi, Alireza Ostadrahimi, Mohammad Javad Hosseinzadeh‐Attar, Mahsa Miryan, Majid Mobasseri, Mehrangiz Ebrahimi‐Mameghani
SummaryNeuregulin 4 (Nrg4), a novel brown fat–enriched hormone, plays a key role in the modulation of glucose and lipid metabolism and energy balance. Recent data have demonstrated that the expression of Nrg4 is substantially down‐regulated in mouse and human obesity, making its regulatory aspect intriguing. Because of the close relationship between Nrg4, obesity, ...... hiện toàn bộ
Obesity as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease: weighing the evidence
Obesity Reviews - Tập 19 Số 2 - Trang 269-280 - 2018
Susan Alford, Dhiren Patel, Nikolaos Perakakis, Christos S. Mantzoros
SummaryAlzheimer's disease (AD) is the sixth leading cause of death in the USA today; therefore, it is imperative that public health initiatives and clinical strategies are developed to prevent and effectively treat AD. Despite the enormous impact that AD has on individuals, families, society, and the health care system, there are no biomarkers to clearly identify ...... hiện toàn bộ
Associations of maternal stress with children's weight‐related behaviours: a systematic literature review
Obesity Reviews - Tập 18 Số 5 - Trang 514-525 - 2017
Sydney O’Connor, Jaclyn P. Maher, Britni R. Belcher, A. M. Leventhal, Gayla Margolin, Eleanor B. Tate, Genevieve F. Dunton
SummaryLow adherence to guidelines for weight‐related behaviours (e.g. dietary intake and physical activity) among US children underscores the need to better understand how parental factors may influence children's obesity risk. In addition to most often acting as primary caregiver to their children, women are also known to experience greater levels of stress than ...... hiện toàn bộ
Obesity and addiction: neurobiological overlaps
Obesity Reviews - Tập 14 Số 1 - Trang 2-18 - 2013
Nora D. Volkow, G.‐J. Wang, Dardo Tomasi, Rubén Baler
SummaryDrug addiction and obesity appear to share several properties. Both can be defined as disorders in which the saliency of a specific type of reward (food or drug) becomes exaggerated relative to, and at the expense of others rewards. Both drugs and food have powerful reinforcing effects, which are in part mediated by abrupt dopamine increases in the brain rew...... hiện toàn bộ
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