Molecular Brain
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Calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase IV contributes to translation-dependent early synaptic potentiation in the anterior cingulate cortex of adult mice
Molecular Brain - Tập 3 - Trang 1-13 - 2010
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase IV (CaMKIV) phosphorylates the major transcription factor, cyclic AMP-responsive element binding protein (CREB), which plays key roles in synaptic plasticity and memory consolidation. Our previous study showed that long-term potentiation (LTP) in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) was significantly enhanced in transgenic mice overexpressing CaMKIV. Considering ......
Extrasynaptic GABAA receptors in mediodorsal thalamic nucleus modulate fear extinction learning
Molecular Brain - Tập 7 - Trang 1-9 - 2014
The gamma-amino-butyric acid (GABA) system is a critical mediator of fear extinction process. GABA can induce “phasic” or “tonic” inhibition in neurons through synaptic or extrasynaptic GABAA receptors, respectively. However, role of the thalamic “tonic GABA inhibition” in cognition has not been explored. We addressed this issue in extinction of conditioned fear in mice. Here, we show that GABAA r......
Gabapentin reduces CX3CL1 signaling and blocks spinal microglial activation in monoarthritic rats
Molecular Brain - Tập 5 - Trang 1-12 - 2012
Spinal glia, particularly microglia and astrocytes, are of the utmost importance in the development and maintenance of chronic pain. A recent study from our laboratory revealed that gabapentin, a recommended first-line treatment for multiple neuropathic conditions, could also efficiently antagonize thermal hyperalgesia evoked by complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced monoarthritis (MA). In the p......
"Color Timer" mice: visualization of neuronal differentiation with fluorescent proteins
Molecular Brain - Tập 3 - Trang 1-9 - 2010
The molecular mechanisms governing the differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) into neuronal progenitor cells and finally into neurons are gradually being revealed. The lack of convenient means for real-time determination of the stages of differentiation of individual neural cells, however, has been hindering progress in elucidating the mechanisms. In order to be able to easily identify the st......
Voluntary wheel running promotes myelination in the motor cortex through Wnt signaling in mice
Molecular Brain - Tập 12 - Trang 1-10 - 2019
Myelin of the central nervous system exhibits strong plasticity, and skill learning exercise promotes oligodendrogenesis and adaptive myelination. Increasing evidence shows that brain structures and functions are affected by physical activity. However, the impact of voluntary physical activity on central myelination and its underlying mechanism remains unclear. The present study aimed to investiga......
The transcription factor RBP-J is essential for retinal cell differentiation and lamination
Molecular Brain - Tập 2 - Trang 1-17 - 2009
The highly ordered vertebrate retina is composed of seven cell types derived from a common pool of retinal progenitor cells (RPCs), and is a good model for the studies of cell differentiation and interaction during neural development. Notch signaling plays a pivotal role in retinogenesis in mammals, but the full scope of the functions of Notch pathway, and the underlying molecular mechanisms, rema......
A role of ADAR2 and RNA editing of glutamate receptors in mood disorders and schizophrenia
Molecular Brain - Tập 7 - Trang 1-14 - 2014
Pre-mRNAs of 2-amino-3-(3-hydroxy-5-methyl-isoxazol-4-yl)-propanoic acid (AMPA)/kainate glutamate receptors undergo post-transcriptional modification known as RNA editing that is mediated by adenosine deaminase acting on RNA type 2 (ADAR2). This modification alters the amino acid sequence and function of the receptor. Glutamatergic signaling has been suggested to have a role in mood disorders and ......
Cathepsin D expression level affects alpha-synuclein processing, aggregation, and toxicity in vivo
Molecular Brain - Tập 2 - Trang 1-17 - 2009
Elevated SNCA gene expression and intracellular accumulation of the encoded α-synuclein (aSyn) protein are associated with the development of Parkinson disease (PD). To date, few enzymes have been examined for their ability to degrade aSyn. Here, we explore the effects of CTSD gene expression, which encodes the lysosomal protease cathepsin D (CathD), on aSyn processing. Over-expression of human CT......
NADPH oxidase mediates β-amyloid peptide-induced activation of ERK in hippocampal organotypic cultures
Molecular Brain - Tập 2 - Trang 1-10 - 2009
Previous studies have shown that beta amyloid (Aβ) peptide triggers the activation of several signal transduction cascades in the hippocampus, including the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) cascade. In this study we sought to characterize the cellular localization of phosphorylated, active ERK in organotypic hippocampal cultures after acute exposure to either Aβ (1-42) or nicotine. We o......
Enhancement of dendritic persistent Na+ currents by mGluR5 leads to an advancement of spike timing with an increase in temporal precision
Molecular Brain - Tập 11 - Trang 1-10 - 2018
Timing and temporal precision of action potential generation are thought to be important for encoding of information in the brain. The ability of single neurons to transform their input into output action potential is primarily determined by intrinsic excitability. Particularly, plastic changes in intrinsic excitability represent the cellular substrate for spatial memory formation in CA1 pyramidal......
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