Learning & Behavior
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Contextual control of operant behavior: evidence for hierarchical associations in instrumental learning
Learning & Behavior - Tập 42 - Trang 281-288 - 2014
Recent research has suggested that operant responses can be weakened when they
are tested in new contexts. The present experiment was therefore designed to
test whether animals can learn a context–(R–O) relation. Rats were given
training sessions in context A, in which one response (R1; lever pressing or
chain pulling) produced one outcome (O1) and another response (R2; chain pulling
or lever pres...
A timely glimpse of memories to come
Learning & Behavior - Tập 51 - Trang 125-126 - 2022
Research in the last century has provided insight into the systems, cellular,
and molecular processes involved in the formation, storage, recall, and update
of memory engrams – the physical manifestation of the long sought-after
philosophical and psychological concept of memory traces. Recent technologies
allow scientists to visualize the key molecular players involved in segregating,
ordering, an...
Social tolerance in not-so-social pumas
Learning & Behavior - Tập 46 - Trang 105-106 - 2018
Elbroch, Levy, Lubell, Quigley, and Caragiulo (2017, Science Advances, 3,
e170218) used GPS and motion-activated camera technology to track and rate the
interactions between solitary wild pumas. They found that tolerance at feeding
sites was not predicted by kinship but, rather, indicated the ability to engage
in direct reciprocity, challenging previous assumptions about social cognition
in solita...
Larger on the right: Honeybees represent quantities spatially
Learning & Behavior - - 2022
Giurfa, Marcout, Hilpert, Thevenoy, and Rugani (PNAS,
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.22035841192022 ) report the first evidence of
spatial representation of quantity in invertebrates. In an exciting and
well-controlled series of experiments, the authors present evidence that
honeybees, like humans, non-human primates, and birds, represent small
quantities on one side of space and large quantities on...
The role of context in animal memory
Learning & Behavior - Tập 47 - Trang 117-130 - 2019
Past research has shown that testing memory in the same context in which the
memory was encoded leads to improved retention relative to testing memory in a
new context. Context-dependent memory is directly related to the extent to which
the encoding context can be reproduced. An experiment with pigeons is reported
in which the context was a colored house-light that completely enveloped the
learnin...
Comparative approaches to same/different abstract-concept learning
Learning & Behavior - Tập 45 - Trang 323-324 - 2017
Martinho and Kacelnik (2016) imprinted newly hatched ducklings (Anas
platyrhynchos domestica) with a moving pair of either same or different objects,
and following only one session, the ducklings accurately transferred the
same/different relationship to novel object pairs that maintained the training
relationship. This rapid learning and transfer of the concepts same and
different far outstrips th...
Midsession reversal learning by pigeons: Effect on accuracy of increasing the number of stimuli associated with one of the alternatives
Learning & Behavior - - 2019
Mechanisms and rules of social learning in crickets
Learning & Behavior - - Trang 1-2 - 2023
A new study on insect social learning shows that crickets learn to prefer a
rewarded odorant by observing the choice of a conspecific and without
experiencing the reward themselves. The mere perception of the conspecific
activates octopaminergic reward neurons in the brain of the observer, thus
facilitating odorant learning.
Context modulation of learned attention deployment
Learning & Behavior - Tập 46 - Trang 23-37 - 2017
In three experiments, we investigated the contextual control of attention in
human discrimination learning. In each experiment, participants initially
received discrimination training in which the cues from Dimension A were
relevant in Context 1 but irrelevant in Context 2, whereas the cues from
Dimension B were irrelevant in Context 1 but relevant in Context 2. In
Experiment 1, the same cues from...
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