Learning & Behavior
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Contextual control of operant behavior: evidence for hierarchical associations in instrumental learning
Learning & Behavior - Tập 42 - Trang 281-288 - 2014
Recent research has suggested that operant responses can be weakened when they are tested in new contexts. The present experiment was therefore designed to test whether animals can learn a context–(R–O) relation. Rats were given training sessions in context A, in which one response (R1; lever pressing or chain pulling) produced one outcome (O1) and another response (R2; chain pulling or lever pres......
Social tolerance in not-so-social pumas
Learning & Behavior - Tập 46 - Trang 105-106 - 2018
Elbroch, Levy, Lubell, Quigley, and Caragiulo (2017, Science Advances, 3, e170218) used GPS and motion-activated camera technology to track and rate the interactions between solitary wild pumas. They found that tolerance at feeding sites was not predicted by kinship but, rather, indicated the ability to engage in direct reciprocity, challenging previous assumptions about social cognition in solita......
Larger on the right: Honeybees represent quantities spatially
Learning & Behavior - - 2022
Giurfa, Marcout, Hilpert, Thevenoy, and Rugani (PNAS,
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.22035841192022...
The role of context in animal memory
Learning & Behavior - Tập 47 - Trang 117-130 - 2019
Past research has shown that testing memory in the same context in which the memory was encoded leads to improved retention relative to testing memory in a new context. Context-dependent memory is directly related to the extent to which the encoding context can be reproduced. An experiment with pigeons is reported in which the context was a colored house-light that completely enveloped the learnin......
Mechanisms and rules of social learning in crickets
Learning & Behavior - - Trang 1-2 - 2023
A new study on insect social learning shows that crickets learn to prefer a rewarded odorant by observing the choice of a conspecific and without experiencing the reward themselves. The mere perception of the conspecific activates octopaminergic reward neurons in the brain of the observer, thus facilitating odorant learning.
Extinction of a Pavlovian-conditioned inhibitor leads to stimulus-specific inhibition
Learning & Behavior - Tập 48 - Trang 234-245 - 2019
Conditioned inhibitors have been shown to be largely unaffected by non-reinforced exposure (i.e., extinction treatment). Although excitatory associations are readily diminished by extinction treatment, so-called inhibitory associations appear to be largely immune to them. In two fear-conditioning experiments with rats, it was found that a decrease in inhibitory control can result from a massive nu......
Distance and direction, but not light cues, support response reversal learning
Learning & Behavior - Tập 47 - Trang 38-46 - 2018
Across three experiments, we examined the cuing properties of metric (distance and direction) and nonmetric (lighting) cues in different tasks. In Experiment 1, rats were trained on a response problem in a T-maze, followed by four reversals. Rats that experienced a change in maze orientation (Direction group) or a change in the length of the start arm (Distance group) across reversals showed facil......
Chimpanzee food preferences, associative learning, and the origins of cooking
Learning & Behavior - - 2016
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