Journal of Zoology
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Factors affecting the (in)accuracy of mammalian mesocarnivore scat identification in S outh‐western E urope
Journal of Zoology - Tập 289 Số 4 - Trang 243-250 - 2013
AbstractResearch on terrestrial carnivore ecology frequently relies on scat
identification and analysis. However, species assignment is commonly based on
scat morphology. Potential errors in scat identification are rarely accounted
for and might contribute to substantial bias of the final results. Using
molecular methods, we evaluate the accuracy of species identification based on
morphological ch...
Coexistence of the tiger and the common leopard in a prey‐rich area: the role of prey partitioning
Journal of Zoology - Tập 295 Số 2 - Trang 122-131 - 2015
AbstractEcological theory predicts that sympatric species should avoid
competition through diet, spatial and/or temporal partitioning. In carnivores,
interference is widespread between species with similar diets. Smaller species
are expected to differentiate their diet from that of larger, dominant ones, to
reduce the risk of potentially lethal encounters. Interference has been reported
between ti...
Genetic similarity between Akodon olivaceus and Akodon xanthorhinus (Rodentia: Muridae) in Argentina
Journal of Zoology - Tập 247 Số 1 - Trang 43-52 - 1999
AbstractOn an East–West transect in northern Patagonia, the steppe‐inhabiting
mouse Akodon (or Abrothrix) xanthorhinus meets the forest‐inhabiting Akodon
(Abrothrix) olivaceus on the eastern side of the Andes where steppe meets
forest. In a contact zone of about 30 km, the mice are morphologically
intermediate. Nuclear (allozyme) and mitochondrial DNA analyses confirm that the
genetic difference b...
Activity patterns of pipistrelle bats (Pipistrellus pipistrellus) in Oxfordshire
Journal of Zoology - Tập 228 Số 1 - Trang 69-80 - 1992
A maternity colony of pipistrelle bats (Pipisfrellus pipistrellus), in
Oxfordshire, was monitored between 1 March 1989 and 6 October 1989. An infra‐red
‘automatic bat counter’ was installed at the roost, to record the number of bats
entering and leaving each minute throughout the night. Air temperature, light
intensity at sunset, cloud cover, wind speed and rain were recorded on each
night of moni...
Activity patterns of Pipistrelle bats (Pipistrellus pipistrellus) in north‐east Scotland
Journal of Zoology - Tập 190 Số 3 - Trang 285-295 - 1980
Pipistrellus pipistrellus emerge from their nursery roosts in north‐east
Scotland about 35 minutes after sunset, at light intensities of between 15 and
35 lux. Cloud cover, windspeed, ambient temperature, rain, light mist and
moonlight have no apparent effect on the time or pattern of emergence.
Throughout pregnancy and lactation, emergence lasts for about an hour. After
weaning, when the adult fe...
Stable isotope ecology of the common hippopotamus
Journal of Zoology - Tập 276 Số 2 - Trang 204-212 - 2008
AbstractThe diet of African hippopotamids can be documented through stable
carbon isotope ratios (13C/12C) analyses of enamel and other tissues. The common
hippopotamus Hippopotamus amphibius is widely assumed to be a pure grazer;
however, the 13C/12C ratios of modern H. amphibius show a higher fraction of
dietary C3 biomass than estimated from traditional observations. Isotope
profiles of modern ...
Ecological correlates of hind‐limb length in the Carnivora
Journal of Zoology - Tập 241 Số 2 - Trang 381-408 - 1997
What determines the lengths and proportions of mammalian limbs? While the answer
to this question is still largely unknown, a number of workers have recently
begun analysing the selection of morphology in a rigorous framework, searching
for quantitative links between structure, performance, and their ecological and
behavioural context. The present study investigates a variety of ecological and
beh...
Locomotor behaviour in Plio‐Pleistocene sabre‐tooth cats: a biomechanical analysis
Journal of Zoology - Tập 238 Số 3 - Trang 395-413 - 1996
The locomotor behaviour of some large extinct carnivores, including several
species of Plio‐Pleistocene sabre‐tooth cats, is here reconstructed, based on a
comparison of the cross‐sectional geometric properties and linear dimensions of
their femora and humeri with those of large modern carnivores. The long bones
are modelled as simple beams, thereby allowing the use of basic beam theory in
assessi...
Ontogenic dietary changes in South American sea lions
Journal of Zoology - Tập 279 Số 3 - Trang 251-261 - 2009
AbstractStable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen in the skull bones of South
American sea lions Otaria flavescens from the Chubut province (Argentina) were
analysed to determine whether their feeding habits change during ontogeny. The
stable isotope analysis showed that δ13C steadily increased in males and females
with their developmental stage (young, first adult, adult and senile), except in
senil...
Jaw movements from microwear on the molar teeth of the koala Phascolarctos cinereus
Journal of Zoology - Tập 213 Số 1 - Trang 51-61 - 1987
To study the direction of jaw movements in the koala from wear facets on the
molar teeth by scanning electron microscopy, gold coated epoxy resin replicas
from the right maxillary and mandibular tooth quadrants were examined from 12
koala skulls. The progressive development and location of facets, the
orientation of striae on them and directional data were recorded and transferred
from electron mi...
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