Journal of Counseling and Development
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Ethnic Identity Development: Toward the Development of a Theory Within the Context of Majority/Minority Status The purpose of this article is twofold: (a) to reconceptualize the issue of racial identity development so that it is not just limited to the issue of oppression and(b) to provide a beginning framework for conceptualizing ethnic identity development that can be used for members of both minority and majority ethnic groups. Propositions leading toward the development of a theory of ethnic group identity development within the context of majority and minority status are presented. Este artículo tiene dos propósitios: (a) reconceptualizar el asunto del desarrollo de identidad racial para que no esté solamente limitado al tema de la opresión, y (b) disponer los principios de un marco para la concepcializción del desarrollo de identidad étnica para que se le pueda usar con los miembros de grupos de minorías y mayorías étnicas. Se presentan proposiciones para el crecimiento de una teoriá del desarrollo de la identidad de un grupo étnico dentro del contexto de estatus de mayoría/minoría.
Journal of Counseling and Development - Tập 70 Số 1 - Trang 181-188 - 1991
The Disproportionality Dilemma: Patterns of Teacher Referrals to School Counselors for Disruptive Behavior Disproportionality plagues schools nationwide in special education placement, dropout, discipline referral, suspension, and expulsion rates. This study examined predictors of teacher referrals to school counselors for disruptive behavior in a sample of students selected from the Educational Longitudinal Study 2002 (National Center for Education Statistics, n.d.). Findings demonstrated that students’ race predicted English teacher referrals; students’ gender, previous disciplinary infractions, and teachers’ postsecondary expectations for students predicted English and math teacher referrals. Implications for practice, policy, and research are discussed.
Journal of Counseling and Development - Tập 90 Số 2 - Trang 177-190 - 2012
Identity Development and Worldview: Toward an Optimal Conceptualization Positive self‐identity is not easily attained in this culture. This premise is supported by the pervasive number of “‐isms” (e.g., racism, sexism, heterosexism, ageism) and their adverse impact on those who are defined as inferior by the dominant way of perceiving. Examination of the conceptual system that predisposes people to these “‐isms” concludes that (a) it is the nature of the conceptual system that is inherently oppressive and (b) all who adhere to this conceptual system have a difficult time developing and maintaining a positive identity. This article postulates a new way of describing the identity development process under oppression using optimal theory (Myers, 1988). From this optimal worldview, oppression is perceived as self‐alienating and yielding a fragmented sense of self, based upon devaluation by self and others. Therefore, identity development is a process of integrating and expanding one's sense of self. Optimal theory provides a new inclusive model of identity development, which is described, along with its applications for counseling practice. No es facíl obtener una identidad positiva de uno mismo en esta cultura. Esta premisa se apoya en la gran cantidad de “‐ismos” (e.g., racismo, sexismo, heterosexismo, “edadismo”) y los impactos adversos en la gente que sería definida como inferior por la manera dominante de percibirlo. La conclusión de un examen del sistema conceptual que predispone a las personas a estos “‐ismos” es que (a) la naturaleza del sistema conceptual es inheréntemente opresivo, y (b) todos aquellos que se adhieran a este sistema conceptual tendrán dificultades con el desarrollo y mantemiento de una identidad positiva. Este artículo postula una nueva manera de describir el proceso del desarrolo de la identidad bajo opresión utilizando la teoría óptima (Myers, 1.988). Desde esta visión universal óptima, se ve a la opresión como autoalienación y creadora de un sentido fragmentado del yo, basado en la devaluación por uno mismo y por los demás. Por tanto, el desarrollo de la indentidad es un proceso de integración y amplificación de la percepción de uno mismo. Esta óptima teoría nos da un modelo inclusive nuevo del desarrollo de identidad, lo cual se describe, junta con sus aplicacions para la práctica de consejería.
Journal of Counseling and Development - Tập 70 Số 1 - Trang 54-63 - 1991
The Definition and Measurement of Social Support
Journal of Counseling and Development - Tập 64 Số 6 - Trang 390-395 - 1986
Social Isolation of Youth at Risk: Conceptualizations and Practical Implications A literature review led to a conceptualization of social isolation as a major factor in determining how youth are increasingly put at risk for both immediate and lifelong difficulties. Three common and particularly troubling at‐risk situations that counselors face are specifically examined to better understand the origins and implications affecting assessment and interventions: abuse by peers in the form of bullying and harassment, abuse and neglect of youth by adults, and suicide as a form of self‐abuse. The authors present practical implications for how school and mental health counselors can apply this information in practice.
Journal of Counseling and Development - Tập 80 Số 4 - Trang 403-409 - 2002
Role Overload, Job Satisfaction, Leisure Satisfaction, and Psychological Health Among Employed Women Role overload, job satisfaction, leisure satisfaction, and psychological health were measured for 155 women who were employed full time. Role overload was negatively correlated with psychological health, job satisfaction, and leisure satisfaction. Job satisfaction and leisure satisfaction were positively correlated with psychological health. Stepwise regression analyses indicated that role overload was the strongest predictor of psychological health and that job satisfaction and leisure satisfaction, respectively, added significantly to the prediction equation.
Journal of Counseling and Development - Tập 86 Số 1 - Trang 57-63 - 2008
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